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Antianginals NUR 341 Flashcards | StudBud
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Antianginals NUR 341
Antianginals NUR 341
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1
What is the primary action of antianginal drugs?
Increases heart rate, contractility, preload, and afterload
Decrease O2 deamnd
Increases O2 demand
Decreases heart rate, contractlility, preload, and afterload
2
What drug is the gold standard for acute anginal attacks?
Calcium Channel Blockers
Oral Nitroglycerin
Sublingual Nitroglycerin
Beta Blockers
3
Nitrates dilate large coronary arteries and provide some increase in O2 supply to the ischemic myocardium.
True
False
4
Actions of organic nitrates that treat angina:
Decrease Afterload
Decrease Preload
Increase Cardiac Output
Venous and arterial constriction
Venous and arterial dilation
Increases HR
5
What are some Beta Blockers adverse effects - Cardiovascular Effects?
Decrease HR
Wheezing
Insoomnia
AV Block
Asthmatic Bronchoconstriction
Bizarre Dreams
6
Which Calcium Channel Blockers have cardiac AND vascular effects.
Nifedipine
Diltiazem
Amlodipine
Verapamil
7
Adverse effects of calcium channel blockers:
Headaches/Dizziness
Constipation with verapamil and diltiazem
Flushing
Edema
Reflex tachycardia
Reflex bradycardia
8
What increases oxygen demand?
Decreased After Load
Decresed Preload
Increased Afterload
Increased Heart Rate
Increased Cardiac Contractility
Increased Preload
9
Cardiac Output =
SV/ HR
HR + SV
HR X SV
BP X HR
10
Calcium Channel Blockers cause:
Peripheral relaxation
Peripheral contraction
Coronary Vasoconstriction
Coronary Vasodilation
11
Calcium channel blockers treat/prevent angina and hyperT and arrhythmias.
True
False
12
MOA of Ranolazine:
induces Ca2 preload
increases cardiac muscle sodium entry
reduces Ca2 overload
decreases cardiac muscle sodium entry
13
What are the adverse effects of Nitrates?
Constipation
Facial Flushing
Orthostatic Hypotension
Excessive Vasodilation
8-10 Nitrate Free Rest Period should be taken to prevent tolerance
Diarrhea
14
MOA of Calcium Channel Blockers:
Induces calcium entry in arterial smooth muscle
Blocks clacium in the pectoralis
Block calcium entry in arterial smooth muslce
Blocks calcium in venous muscles
15
Calcium Channel Blockers (CCDs) Classes:
Dihydropyridines
Felodipine
Benzothiazepines
Phenylalkylamine
16
What is afterload?
The volume of the blood that fills the heart
Systemic arterial blood pressure
The pressure against which the heart has to pump to eject blood
Venous return to the heart
17
Beta blockers increase cardiac work and O2 demand.
False
True
18
B-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers that are Nonselective or 1st Generation
Nadolol
Metroprolol
Atenolol
Propranolol
Nitroglycerin
Ranolazine
19
Ranolazine is used to treat angina symptoms.
False
True
20
What are some Beta Blockers adverse effects - Respiratory?
Bizarre Dreams
Insoomnia
Wheezing
AV Block
Asthmatic Bronchoconstriction
Decrease HR
21
What are some Beta Blockers adverse effects - CNS Effects?
AV Block
Decrease HR
Asthmatic Bronchoconstriction
Wheezing
Insomnia
Bizarre Dreams
22
Facts about Nitrate Pharamcokinetics:
Used for actue attacks of angina pectoris
Primary Treatment
Sublingual is more effective
Used for chronic attacks of angina pectoris
Secondary Treatment
Oral Nitrates are more effectve
23
What is angina pectoris?
Pain in the lower back
Usually associatated with coronary atheroscelerosis - CAD
Chest Pain
Imbalance between myocardial O2 demand and O2 supply
24
Which Calcium Channel Blockers have only vascular effects.
Amlodipine
isradipine
Diltiazem
felodipine
nimodipine
Nifedipine
25
Adverse effects of Ranolazine:
Dizziness/Headache
Vertigo
N/V
Diarrhea
Prolonged QT Arrythmias
Constipation
26
Beta Blockers are used to prevent angina.
True
False
27
B-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers that are Cardioselective or 2st Generation
Nadolol
Nitroglycerin
Atenolol
Propranolol
Ranolazine
Metroprolol
28
Examples of some combination drugs to prevent/reduce angina.
B-Blocker + Dihydropyridine Ca Channel Blocker
B-Blocker /Dihydropyridine/LA ON/ + Ranolazine
Nitroglycerin Sublingually + B-Blocker
Nitroglycerin Sublingually + Ranolazine
Nitroglycerin Sublingually + Calcium Channel Blocker
B-Blocker + Long-Acting Organic Nitrate
29
B-Adrenergic Receptors MOA:
Inhibit Cardiac Work and O2 demand
Stop anginga
Block B-Adrenergic receptors
Reduce Sympathetic NS
30
What is preload?
Venous return to the heart
The volume of the blood that fills the heart
The pressure against which the heart has to pump to eject blood
Systemic arterial blood pressure
31
Decrease renin results in:
Increased BP
Increased angiotension II
Less Vasoconstriction
Decreased Afterload
Decreased BP
Decreased angiotension II
32
Frequent drugs used to prevent angina are:
Nitroglycerin Sublingually
Calcium Channel Blocker
B-Blocker
Ranolazine
33
B-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers:
Atenolol
Propranolol
Nitroglycerin
Metroprolol
Nadolol
Ranolazine
34
If 1 drug does not prevent/reduce angina, can you use a combination of drugs?
True
False
35
What three things do Beta Blockers decrease?
Preload
Contractility
Renin
HR
