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Chap. 10 Molecular Biology Flashcards | StudBud
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Chap. 10 Molecular Biology
Chap. 10 Molecular Biology
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Basics about DNA replication, transcription, translation, and mutations. #10thgrade #biology
Flashcards
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Answers
1
What is the start codon and what amino acid does it code for?
AUG Methionine
AUC Isoleucine
AAA Lysine
AGG Methionine
2
What are the building blocks of DNA and RNA?
Nucleotides
Sugars
Nitrates
Amino acids
3
What is the product of translation?
mRNA
Amino acid (protein) chain
New strand of DNA
tRNA
4
True or False: The Hershey-Chase experiment proved that DNA was the genetic material.
False
True
5
What is the product of transcription?
Copy of a single gene
Amino acid (protein) chain
New DNA strand
mRNA strand
6
Which molecule contains uracil?
DNA
Protein
Amino acids
RNA
7
What type of RNA has an anticodon?
tRNA
rRNA
mRNA
8
True or False: Only one backbone is a template to make new DNA in replication.
False
True
9
What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
RNA --> Protein --> DNA
DNA --> RNA --> Protein
Protein --> DNA --> RNA
RNA --> DNA --> Protein
10
How many bases are changed in a POINT mutation?
Six
Four
One
Three
11
What type of RNA is used to transfer amino acids together into a protein chain?
rRNA
mRNA
tRNA
any kind of RNA
12
What PROCESS makes RNA molecules from DNA?
Transcription
That doesn't happen
Translation
Replication
13
What base(s) are found in both DNA and RNA?
Thymine
Guanine
Uracil
Adenine
14
What type of point mutation changes the product from an amino acid to a stop codon?
Missense
Nonsense
Frameshift
Silent
15
Where does transcription occur?
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Chloroplast
Nucleus
16
Which molecule is the mRNA?
the blue one
the pink one
You can't know from this picture
the purple one
17
True or False: RNA is edited before it leaves the nucleus to be translated.
True
False
18
Why are the backbones on the DNA strands two different colors (blue and green)?
Blue is the parent strand, green is the newly made strand.
Just to make it look like a nice picture.
Green is the parent strand, blue is the newly made strand.
19
What would happen if there was a mutation that changed the codon UAC to UAU?
It would make methionine.
It changes to a stop codon.
No change (both codes make same amino acid).
It would make leucine.
20
What molecule has deoxyribose in it?
Amino acids
RNA
Protein
DNA
21
What are the building blocks of proteins?
Sugars
Phosphates
Nucleotides
Amino acids
22
What is this molecule?
Complete DNA strand
Adenine
Amino acid
Nucleotide
23
How many types of RNA are there?
2
3
1
4
24
What is the complementary strand of bases for the following DNA sequence: ACCTT
TGGAA
TGGUU
TGCAA
UGGAA
25
Who is credited with the discovery of DNA structure?
Watson and Crick
Griffith and Avery
Hershey and Chase
Darwin and Wallace
26
What type of mutation alters the reading frame?
Chromosomal insertion
Frameshift
Nonsense
Chromosome deletion
27
What is the name of a set of three nucleotide bases in an mRNA strand?
Codon
Anti-codon
Amino acid
Tri-set
28
A _______ is defined as a change to the sequence of bases in DNA or RNA
codon
helix
translation
mutation
29
Which of the following is a mutagen?
Radiation
All bacteria
Lime juice
Chemicals
30
What PROCESS occurs in the ribosomes?
Replication
Translation
Transcription
Mitosis
31
In DNA, what base is always paired with adenine?
Guanine
Thymine
Uracil
Cytosine
32
What molecule is the template to make the pink molecule?
DNA
Codon
RNA
Protein
