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Psychology Ch. 1 & 2 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Psychology Ch. 1 & 2 Review
Psychology Ch. 1 & 2 Review
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1
A researcher stops people at the mall and asks them question about their attitudes toward gun control. This is
a case study
an experiment
a survey
a correlational study
2
When a test produces the same results from one time and place to another, this is referred to as
reliable
valid
eclectic
correlational
3
To see if older sibling grow up to be more conservative than younger sibling, you'd do a/an
case study
experiment
laboratory observation
correlational study
4
Which of the following explores unconscious motives through the use of techniques such as the Rorschach inkblot?
a projective test
a reliable test
a valid test
an objective test
5
In an experiment, which of the following variables refers to the outcome that is measured by the experimenter?
the dependent variable
the experimental group
the independent variable
the control group
6
A negative correlation would most likely exist between
intelligence and grade point average
educational level and problem-solving ability
amount of studying and number of errors on a test
height and weight
7
The group that you're testing in an experiment is known as the
placebo group
the control group
the experimental group
the test group
8
The definition most psychologists would use to define psychology is the scientific study of
(A) human behavior
(A) the process of learning
(A) the behavior of individuals and their mental processes
(A) theories and research methods
9
Which is the only type of study done to determine whether a cause-effect relationship exists between two variables?
a survey
a case study
an experiment
a correlational study
10
Correlation shows causation
False
True
11
When a statement is worded in a vague and general manner so that it can apply to a variety of individuals, this is
phi phenomenon
case studies
the Barnum effect
Gestalt
12
______________________ focuses on the purpose of behavior and how certain behaviors have adapted and evolved.
(A) Structuralism
(A) Cognitive perspective
(A) Functionalism
(A) Psychodynamic perspective
13
The study of the bumps on the head that are supposed to reveal personality traits is known as
phrenology
cognitive psychology
psychodynamic psychology
humanism
14
If a test is standardized, it means
it gives the same result every time someone takes it
is invalid
it tests a group on what it’s supposed to test
the same, uniform procedures are given to everyone who takes it
15
If a test that measures what it's supposed to measure is referred to as
eclectic
reliable
valid
correlational
16
Breaking sensations/experiences into their basic elements, and analyzing experiences for 20 minutes is
behavioral/learning
structuralism
Gestalt psychology
humanism
17
The variable an experimenter manipulates or changes in order to determine its effects in an experiment is
the dependent variable
the correlational variable
the independent variable
the extraneous variable
18
A psychologist who focuses on the study of problem solving, thinking, and perception. Which perspective is this?
learning/behavioral
evolutionary
cognitive
biological
19
A placebo in an experiment is given to the
independent variable
control group
experimental group
dependent variable
20
Dr. Arnold is a psychologist who follows the psychodynamic approach. He might argue that human behavior stems from
unconscious motives and early childhood experiences
mental processes, thinking and perception
striving for growth, self-actualization and reaching one's full potent
the environment and rewards and punishments
21
When people see a video camera focused on them, they often act silly. This effect is the
opposite
of
a correlational study
a case study
an experiment
a naturalistic observation
22
Studies perception in whole units and believes that "the whole is greater than the sum of it's parts"
learning
humanism
Gestalt
biological
23
What must happen after a study in which the participants were misled about the nature of the research?
a debriefing must take place
informed consent must take place
subjects' phone numbers must be published
subjects must be assigned to experimental groups
24
A psychologist studies behavior of kindergartners by secretly watching them at practice. This is
an experiment
a correlational study
a naturalistic observation
a case study
25
Which is the only type of study done to determine whether a cause-effect relationship exists between two variables?
a naturalistic observation
a correlational study
a case study
an experiment
26
Which type of research strategy allows you to determine if students' grades are related to later income?
an experiment
a naturalistic observation
a correlational study
a survey
27
If a psychologist takes into account that all psychological perspectives are important, that is the
biological perspective
the cognitive perspective
the eclectic view
the Barnum effect
28
If group of children are studied and tested periodically over time through stages of development. This is known as
a placebo study
a cross-sectional study
a case study
a longitudinal study
29
A survey shows kids who have internet in their homes have high grades. If you infer internet causes good grades
this is correct because the internet makes you smarter
this is erroneous because the internet causes brain damage
this is erroneous because causation was inferred from correlation
this is correct because this experiment showed cause and effect
30
Trained introspection is an important part of which perspective?
humanism
functionalism
Gestalt psychology
structuralism
31
What type of test assesses conscious knowledge and facts about yourself that you are aware of?
a placebo test
a humanistic test
a projective test
an objective test
32
One of the biggest benefits of a laboratory observation is
you can study people without them knowing
(A) the use of high-tech lab equipment and machines
(A) it tends to produce positive correlations
the ability to observe behavior as it naturally occurs in an environment
33
Research done for the basis of studying information and knowing more about a topic is known as
behavioral psychology
basic research
psychodynamic psychology
applied research
34
In an experiment to see if the presence of seals causes more shark attacks to occur, the presence of seals is the
dependent variable
independent variable
experimental group
control group
35
A detailed study of an individual is known as
naturalistic observation
correlational study
case study
experiment
36
Established standards of performance are known as
the Barnum effect
a hypothesis
a placebo
norms
37
A focus on brain areas and how they function as well as neurons and neurotransmitter levels is central to
biological
cognitive
learning
Gestalt
38
What is empirical evidence?
false evidence
evidence not carefully gathered
evidence only used for experiments
evidence gathered by very careful observation and measurement
39
A definition that is very specific and allows for replication is known as
the Barnum effect
an operational definition
an empirical definition
empirical evidence
40
The case of Genie illustrated that
there is not a critical period for behaviors such as language
early severe deprivation can be overcome completely with therapy
all feral children master language completely
there is a critical period for language development