Biotechnology Midterm Review 2019

cellular structure that eliminates cellular waste with the use of hydrolytic enzymes

Specialized structure surrounding the cells of plants, bacteria, and some fungi

Federal agency that enforces laws for the protection of the environment

Monomer units ofnucleic acids

Regulates production of crops, agriculture, plants, plant products, and genetically modified plants and animals

Links sugars and phosphates of adjacent nucleotides

Links amino acids

Edward Jenner developed the first vaccine against ___________ by using the cowpox virus

Sugar extracted from seaweed used to make gels used in gel electrophoresis

Links complimentary base pairs

DNA created by combining DNA from two or more sources

Griffith was the first individual that observed this process while working with pneumonia-causing bacteria

An entire set of an organism’s genetic material 

Amount of substance as a proportion of another substance; amount of solute in solution

Arrangement of DNA strands in which the strands are oriented in the opposite direction (5 -> 3 ; 3->5)

Alpha helices or Beta sheets

Process that uses electricity to separate charged molecules, such as DNA, on a gel slab

The structure of a protein resulting from the association of two or more polypeptide chains

The process in which solvent is added to make a solution less concentrated

Monomers of Carbohydrates

Pyrimidines are

Study of controversial issues emerging from new situations brought about by advances in science

Uses a weigh boat to take masses of crystalline or granular substances

About how many genes are in the human genome

Individual that first isolated phosphate-rich compounds from the nucleus of cells

If a sample of DNA contains 25% percent Thymine, what percentage is Guanine?

What distinguishes one amino acid from another

DNA will move towards the _________ electrode

Solution that acts to resist a change in pH when the hydrogen ion concentration is changed

The level of protein structure that describes the order and type of amino acids found in a polypeptide chain

How many hydrogen bonds hold the bases together

Sugars mostly end in

How much of a 95% alcohol solution is needed to make 600 ml of a 70% alcohol solution

DNA stain glows orange when it is mixed with DNA and exposed to UV light

Which one is a purine

Used to form cell pellets by spinning samples at high speeds

Folded functional polypeptides that conduct various functions within and around a cell 

Contains a central carbon atom, an amino group,a carboxyl group, and a distinctive “R” group

How many different amino acids are there

Established by Roosevelt in response to the book The Jungle which exposed health hazards and violations of meat industry

Central dogma 

Instrument used to measure very tiny volumes, usually less than a milliliter

Human epithelial cells used in research

Worked with X-ray crystallography and produced "photo 51" which helped find the structure of DNA

Which two organelles have their own DNA and support the endosymbiotic theory

A specialized nucleotide that serves as an energy storage molecule

A testable statement to answer a scientific question

What would you need to measure 750 microliters

Why does DNA have a negative charge

Federal agency that regulates the production of food, food additives, drugs, and medical devices

The study and manipulation of living things or their components 

Measure of concentration that represents the number of moles of a solute in a liter of solution 

When micropipetting accurately, use the ________ to draw up the correct volume accurately

These individuals repeated Griffith's experiment to identify the transforming factor

Which ones are present in prokaryotes

 Epithelial cell line derived from the Chinese hamster, often used in production of recombinant therapeutic proteins

Establised by Nixon in response to the book Silent Spring, which exposed dangers of pesticides

Which of the following is true about DNA structure

Which of the following is mass/volume concentration units

Bond that joins monosaccharides together

Which of the following is true about plants and animals

Reaction that joins monomers of the macromolecules

Which is true about enzymes

Membrane-boundorganelles that are responsible for generating cellular energy

How much solute is needed to make 550 ml of a 4 g/ml solution

Which one is found in RNA only

Which one is not part of a nucleotide

Most jobs within biotechnology require a minimum of a 

Hershey and Chase used a bacteriophage in the blender experiment to conclude that _____ is the genetic material

What charge does DNA have