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AP Psychology Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Psychology Exam Review
AP Psychology Exam Review
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1
If a test is reliable, it means that...
It is also valid.
It yields consistent results.
It is given in the same way every time.
It tests what it is supposed to test.
2
Paralysis of the left arm might be explained by a problem in the...
Motor cortex in the parietal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe of the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the occipital lobe in the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere.
3
Which of the following attachment styles did Mary Ainsworth find most often in her research?
Secure
Authoritative
Avoidant
Authoritarian
4
The principal difference between a longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study is...
The developmental stage of the participants.
The number of participants involved.
The time span of the study.
The statistical methods employed to evaluate the data.
5
Sandy scores a perfect 100 on a test everyone else fails. Graphically, the data would be...
Normal
Negatively skewed
Positively skewed
A straight line
6
Gate-Control Theory refers to...
Which sensory impulses are transmitted first.
Which pain messages are perceived.
How our minds use either bottom-up or top-down processing.
Blocking sound waves, causing some waves to be undetected.
7
Redirecting unacceptable urges into more acceptable pursuits defines which defense mechanism?
Regression
Rationalization
Denial
Sublimation
8
In most people, which of the following is a specific function of the left hemisphere?
Spatial reasoning
Control of the left hand
Abstract reasoning
Producing speech
9
Symbolic dream analysis might be used by a psychologist from which perspective?
Behaviorist
Structuralist
Biopsychologist
Psychoanalytic
10
If you only had sight in one eye, which of the following depth cues could you NOT use?
Linear perspective
Interposition
Texture gradient
Convergence
11
Phonemes and morphemes refer to...
Elements of language.
Basic elements of memories stored in long-term memory.
Two types of influences language has on thought.
Elements of telegraphic speech toddlers use.
12
Which level of consciousness controls involuntary body processes?
Nonconscious level
Subconscious level
Unconscious level
Autonomic level
13
On a second date, Megan tells Francisco that she loves to watch Rugrats. This is called...?
In-group bias
Open communication
Deindividuation
Self-disclosure
14
Night Terrors and Somnambulism usually occur during which stage of sleep?
Stage 4
REM Sleep
REM Sleep, but only later in the night.
Stage 1
15
Perceived control over a stressful event results in...
Less reported stress.
Increased arousal.
More motivation to solve the stressful problem.
More frustration regarding the stressful event.
16
Paul takes a test in the army to see if he would make a good pilot. Such a test is a(n)...?
Achievement test
Intelligence test
Standardized test
Aptitude test
17
To establish behaviorism as a paradigm of psychology, John Watson relied on the work of...?
Ivan Pavlov
Wilhelm Wundt
Sigmund Freud
B.F. Skinner
18
Agonists are psychoactive drugs that...
Enhance the effects of certain opiates like heroin.
Mimic neurotransmitters and block their receptor sites.
Mimic the same effects as certain neurotransmitters.
Produce tolerance to the drug without withdrawal symptoms.
19
Which reinforcement schedule would most quickly teach a cat to jump through a hoop?
Fixed Ratio
Fixed Interval
Variable Ratio
Continuous
20
Ads are more effective when the communicators are: I. Attractive; II. Famous; III. Experts
I and II
II Only
II and III
I, II, and III
21
What is the median of the following distribution: 6, 2, 9, 4, 7, 3?
4.5
5.5
6
5
22
Which neurotransmitter is affected by opiates?
Dopamine
Endorphins
GABA
Serotonin
23
Juan hears voices that tell him to kill people. Juan is experiencing...
Obsessions
Delusions
Hallucinations
Compulsions
24
"Brain plasticity" refers to...
Our adaptability to different problems.
New connections forming to take over for damaged sections.
The surface texture of the cerebral cortex.
The brain's ability to regrow damaged neurons.
25
Behaviorists explain human thought and behavior as a result of...
Past conditioning
Individual choice
Biological processes
Unconscious behavioral impulses
26
You tense up after hearing scary music during a horror film. In this case, the music is a(n)...
UR
CR
US
CS
27
Which kind of therapist is most likely to analyze a client's dreams?
Humanistic
Cognitive
Behaviorist
Psychoanalytic
28
Which of the following is the best analogy for how psychologists view consciousness?
A dimmer switch for a light fixture.
The ignition switch on a car.
A circuit breaker that controls power to a house.
The on/off switch on a computer.
29
Schizophrenia is most likely to be treated with...?
Prozac
Valium
Haldol
Lithium
30
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
Assigning a student a detention for fighting.
Going inside to escape a thunderstorm.
Buying a child a video game after she throws a tantrum.
Depriving a prison inmate of sleep.
31
Parental involvement can have dramatic effects on all of the following human traits, EXCEPT...?
Reading ability
Motor development
Self-esteem
Intelligence
32
In the Milgram studies, the dependent measure was...?
The highest level of shock supposedly administered.
The location of the learner.
The instructions given by the experimenter.
The number of people in the group.
33
According to research, the most advantageous parenting style for children's development is...
Authoritative, because children have justifiable boundaries.
Authoritarian, because children learn boundaries quickly.
Securely attached, because parents will meet all needs.
Permissive, because children need to explore.
34
According to the nativist theory, language is acquired...
Only if instruction is provided in the native language.
By parents reinforcing correct language use.
Using an inborn ability to learn language.
Best in the language and culture native to the family.
35
In which stage of cognitive development do infants learn object permanence?
Formal Operations
Pre-operational
Sensorimotor
Conventional
36
Someone who has an external locus of control is likely to have...
A high sense of self-efficacy.
A positive self-concept.
A belief in luck.
A strong libido.
37
Which of the following is the best example of prejudice?
Billy won't let girls play on his hockey team.
Mr. Tamp calls on boys more often than girls.
Santiago dislikes cheerleaders.
Ginny thinks all Asians are smart.
38
Which statement about bulimia is true?
Bulimics lose in excess of 15 percent of their body weight.
All bulimics use vomiting to rid their bodies of calories.
Bulimics tend to be overly concerned with their body image.
The main cause of bulimia is society's emphasis on thinness.
39
Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory has been criticized for being...
Based on large groups, not individual cases.
Unscientific and unverifiable
Appropriate for only female patients.
Too applicable for research settings.
40
Psychologists prefer the experimental method to other research methods because...
It is easier to obtain a random sample.
Experiments are more likely to support hypotheses.
Experiments can show cause-effect relationships.
Experiments result in statistically significant findings.
41
You find a slug on the shed only after it rains. What kind of reinforcement schedule is this?
Variable Ratio
Continuous
Variable Interval
Fixed Interval
42
Generating alternate hypotheses to explain a phenomenon demonstrates which Piagetian stage?
Formal operations
Abstract reasoning
Syllogistic
Operational
43
The cochlea is responsible for...
Transforming vibrations into neural signals.
Sending messages to the brain about the body's orientation.
Transmitting vibrations to the hammer, anvil, and stirrup.
Protecting the surface of the eye.
44
A therapist who uses whatever perspective "works best" for the patient is described as...
Functionalist
Humanist
Eclectic
Social-cultural
45
The Flynn Effect is the finding that...
Television has decreased intellectual performance.
Intelligence seems to increase with every generation.
The more people take a test, the better they tend to score.
Linguistic skills decline with age.
46
Some researchers consider developmental psychology an applied research topic because...
Researchers apply findings from other areas of psychology.
It is more easily applied to people's lives than research.
Pure research is difficult to gain support for.
Original research in this area is difficult.
47
Which of the following two sleep disorders occur most commonly?
Insomnia and Narcolepsy
Sleep Apnea and Narcolepsy
Night terrors and Sleep Apnea
Sleep Apnea and Insomnia
48
Which of the following psychologists might have described himself as a humanist?
Abraham Maslow
John Watson
B.F. Skinner
Ivan Pavlov
49
All of the following people are known for their theories of intelligences, EXCEPT...?
Gardner
Guilford
Thurstone
Flynn
50
Which of the following is not an anxiety disorder?
Panic Disorder
Conversion Disorder
Zoophobia
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
51
Antidepressant drugs that treat mood disorders affect which type of neurotransmitter?
Acetylcholine
Adrenaline
Endorphins
Serotonin
52
Schachter's theory states what about the relationship between emotion & physiological reaction?
Physiological reactions and emotions occur simultaneously.
A combination of reactions & interpretation causes emotions.
Emotions are caused simply by physiological reactions.
Physiological reactions are caused simply by emotions.
53
What will be your AP Psych score?
5
5
5
5
54
Wilhelm Wundt used a research methodology called...?
Introspection
Structuralism
Inferential
Naturalistic observation
55
Theoretically, random assignment should eliminate...
Concerns over validity
Sampling error
Many confounding variables
The need for a representative sample
56
Which approach toward personality is the least deterministic?
Psychoanalytic
Behaviorist
Humanistic
Biological
57
Which of the following concepts is most integral to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory?
Gestalt Theory
The unconscious mind
Behaviorism
Structuralism
58
Which of the following is an example of random sampling?
Approaching any 50 students during 6th-period lunch.
Flipping a coin to assign students to two different tests.
Picking out of a hat to assign subjects to a condition.
Having a computer generate a random list of 100 students.
59
Which of the following is an example of the representativeness heuristic?
Believing younger people are more likely to start fights.
Judging a situation by a rule that is usually true.
Solving a problem by breaking it down into smaller parts.
Making a judgment according to past experiences.
60
Which aspects of hunger are controlled by the lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus?
Contraction and expansion of the stomach.
The desire to eat and the feeling of fullness.
The binge and purge cycle in bulimics.
Body temperature and desire to eat.
61
A negative side-effect of ECT is...
Tardive dyskinesia
Memory loss
Hallucinations
Hysteria
62
Depression is associated with low levels of...
Serotonin
Epinephrine
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
63
Blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain?
Visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
Visual cortex in the temporal lobe.
Visual cortex in the frontal lobe.
Cerebral cortex in the occipital lobe.
64
Which of the following best describes the relationship between sensation and perception?
Perception is an advanced form of sensation.
Sensation is mechanical, while perception is cognitive.
Sensation detects stimuli, perception interprets stimuli.
Sensation is in the senses while perception is in the brain.
65
Which of the following is not one of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences?
Practical
Linguistic
Spatial
Musical
66
All schizophrenics suffer from...
Depression
Multiple personalities
Hallucinations
Compulsions
67
Psychologists who draw from several different theoretical perspectives are known as...?
Flexible
Eclectic
Mixed
Open-minded
68
Which is NOT one of the big five personality traits?
Agreeableness
Honesty
Extraversion
Openness
69
Weber's Law determines...
Amplitude of sound waves
Just-noticeable difference
Level of subliminal messages
Absolute threshold
70
The balanced physiological state we are driven to attain by satisfying our needs is called...?
Equilibrium
Primary satisfaction
Self-actualization
Homeostasis
71
Which of the following are reasons why intrinsic motivation might be better than extrinsic?
Intrinsic is more effective with a wider range of people.
Intrinsic might be more enduring.
Intrinsic is easier and more convenient to provide.
Intrinsic is higher on Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
72
Which of the following is an example of a generalized reinforcer?
Money
Applause
High grades
Chocolate cake
73
Which brain scans should be used when studying connections between stimuli and brain processes?
PET and EEG
CAT and EKG
MRI and CAT
EKG and CAT
74
Which method of therapy is most eclectic?
Client-centered
Token economy
Psychodynamic
Psychoanalytic
75
Which of the following is most likely to reduce hostility between antagonistic groups?
Encourage them to avoid each other as much as possible.
Force the groups to spend a lot of time together.
Punish the groups whenever they treat each other badly.
Give groups a task that must be solved by working together.
76
The information-processing theory states that dreams...
Are by-products of how our brain processes information.
Occur only after stressful events.
Occur as the brain deals with daily events during REM sleep.
Are representations of the information we encode daily.
77
Which of the following neurotransmitters allows you to have control over your muscles?
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
Thorazine
Serotonin
78
Which concept from memory directly contradicts the belief that humans never forget anything?
Sensory Memory
Constructive Memory
Recovered Memory
Selective Attention
79
Who is credited with creating client-centered therapy?
Albert Ellis
Aaron Beck
Carl Rogers
Fritz Perls
80
Which process involves counterconditioning?
Systematic desensitization
Somatic therapy
ECT
Transference
81
One of your classmates remarks that "Ryan is all id." What does she likely mean?
Ryan is a highly-ethical person.
Ryan frequently pursues immediate gratification.
Ryan is a perfectionist.
Ryan uses a lot of defense mechanisms.
82
One of the principal differences between ethical guidelines for human and animal research is...
Conditions for humans must be monitored more closely.
Humans can be deceived for experimental purposes.
Animals can be placed at much greater risk than humans.
Humans must be chosen much more carefully than animals.
83
According to Erikson's theory, adolescents are primarily concerned in a search for...?
Autonomy
Career
Identity
Affection
84
Which sentence most accurately describes sensory memory?
Encodes only sensations we are currently attending to.
Decides which memories to encode in long-term memory.
Perfectly stores all sensory input for a limited time.
Records all incoming sensations, remembering them forever.
