Forensics Chapter 1

refined techniques of firearms examinations

•wrote Sherlock Holmes which Used many forensics methods

the US Supreme Court case that assigns trial judge as gatekeeper of admissible science evidence

identify based on dental evidence and occasionally compare bite marks left on victims

discovered blood can be grouped into different categories, now recognized as the blood types

examinesfirearms, discharged bullets cartridge cases, shotgun shells and ammunition of all type

studies handwriting and typewriting on questioned documents to ascertain authenticity/ source

•When two objects come into contact with each other, a cross-transfer of materials occurs.

the largest crime laboratory in the world is?

examines the relationship between human behavior and legal proceedings

trained personnel that collect and preserve physical evidence at the crime scene

established the first workable crime laboratory

first treatise on the application of scientific disciplines to criminal investigations

Oldest crime lab in US is where

5 basic services a crime lab

Why are their variations in which services are offered in different crime laboratories?

•deviseda simple procedure for determining the blood group of dried blood

principals/techniques of chemistry, physics & geology to identification/comparison of evidence

final evaluator of forensic evidence is

father of forensic toxicology

perform DNA profiling, compare hairs and fibers and identify and compare botanical materials

systematic procedure involving body measurements to distinguishing one individual from another

case ruling scientific evidence must be generally accepted by the scientific community

first definitive study on fingerprints and developed a method of classifying them

gatekeeping of trial judge applied not only to scientific testimony, but ALL testimony

examines body fluids and organs to determine the presence or absence of drugs and poisons

world’s preeminent microscopist

•developed the first DNA profiling test in 1984

•pioneered work in document examination in 1910

uses a sound spectrograph to transform speech into a visual graphic display called a voiceprint

examines and records physical evidence

•processes and examines evidence for latent fingerprints

the application of science to the criminal and civil laws

invented the polarizing microscope in 1828

failure analysis, accident reconstruction and caused and origins of fires or explosions