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Earth Science 4.2 Review - Oceans Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth Science 4.2 Review - Oceans
Earth Science 4.2 Review - Oceans
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1
Who was the first to circumnavigate the world?
Ferdinand Magellan
Ferdinand Magellan
Christopher Columbus
Ferdinand Magellan
2
How many tides do most coasts experience in a typical 24-hour period?
two lows and two highs
one low and one high
two lows and one high
one low and two highs
3
Which of these has been measured using satellite technology?
sea surface salinity
sea surface salinity
sea surface salinity
sea surface nitrogen levels
4
The deep relatively flat zones of the ocean basins form the __________.
continental shelves
guyots
submarine canyons
abyss
5
The one hazard of deep diving that cannot be corrected by a special mixture of gases is __________.
oxygen poisoning
decompression sickness
lack of oxygen
nitrogen narcosis
6
Which of these is most directly related to wave speed?
wave amplitude
wave period
wave height
wave angle
7
Water clarity at 1000 m can be measured using __________.
a photocell
a photocell
a photocell
a photocell
8
In general, seawater temperature _____ from the surface to the bottom.
decreases
alternately decreases and then increases
stays the same
increases
9
Marine snow would be most important to organisms living in the __________.
photic zone
intertidal zone
abyssal zone
littoral zone
10
How much mineral salt does 1000 g of seawater contain?
1 g
999 g
none
35 g
11
Which of these is not a term that would apply to thermohaline currents?
density currents
All of these would apply.
countercurrents
subsurface currents
12
Global mean sea levels currently are __________.
unchanging
falling
rising
fluctuating
13
The oldest known boat was likely built __________.
around AD 1492
long before the Flood
around 1000 BC
some years after the Flood
14
Which of the following factors does not directly affect the height of a wave?
water depth
wind speed
fetch
water temperature
15
The major warm current located in the West Atlantic Ocean is the __________.
Canary Current
Gulf Stream
Humboldt Current
Bermuda Current
16
Mixed-gas diving is typically used for __________.
extremely deep dives
extremely deep dives
extremely deep dives
extremely deep dives
17
About what percentage of the earth's surface is covered by oceans?
30%
35%
50%
71%
18
Which ocean covers the largest percentage of the earth's surface?
Indian
Atlantic
Pacific
Arctic
19
The most abundant salt found in ocean water is __________.
calcium sulfate
magnesium chloride
magnesium bromide
sodium chloride
20
A coral reef separated from the mainland by a lagoon is a(n) __________.
fringing reef
atoll
barrier reef
island arc
21
Water that is forced down by downwelling typically has __________ than surrounding waters.
more nutrients and more oxygen
more oxygen but less nutrients
less nutrients and less oxygen
more nutrients but less oxygen
22
When water is described as potable, it is __________.
safe to drink
low in oxygen
clouded with sediments
saturated with salts
23
What usually has the greatest influence in causing tides?
the moon
the sun
the earth's core
24
As an ocean wave approaches the shore, __________.
it grows longer
it slows down
it speeds up
it gets smaller in height
25
The Coriolis effect will not be observed if an object is __________.
moving east from Boston, Massachusetts
moving north from the South Pole
moving south from the North Pole
moving west on the Equator
26
One way that coastal engineers can reduce wave erosion is to build __________.
tombolos
groins
bay barriers
longshore bars
27
The term brackish is most closely related to the _____ of a sample of water.
salinity
density
color
temperature
28
The greatest challenge to
helmet
diving was __________.
sustaining appropriate air pressure
sustaining appropriate air pressure
sustaining appropriate air pressure
sustaining appropriate air pressure
29
Which of these inventions did the most to make ocean navigation more accurate?
the Secchi disk
seagoing clocks
lead lines
the Nansen bottle
30
The greatest barrier to deep-sea diving is __________.
keeping warm
fending off predatory marine life
providing sufficient air to breathe
resisting sea pressure
31
Which of the following locations is notable for its very large tidal range?
the Bay of Fundy
the Mediterranean Sea
the Gulf of Mexico
the open ocean at the Equator
32
The first true oceanographic expedition, a model for future studies, was conducted by which vessel?
the Bathysphere
the HMS Challenger
the Atlantis
the Trieste
33
Which of these would have the least effect on subsurface currents?
prevailing winds
downwelling
density differences
Ekman spiral effect
34
In which life zone must organisms cope with the greatest variability of conditions?
littoral zone
photic zone
intertidal zone
abyssal zone
35
In the center of an ocean gyre, the sea level is usually __________.
the same level as outside the gyre
unrelated to the level outside the gyre
lower than outside the gyre
higher than outside the gyre
36
In what ways does an ROV differ from a DSV?
ROVs are attached to and controlled by another vessel.
ROVs are attached to and controlled by another vessel.
ROVs are attached to and controlled by another vessel.
ROVs are attached to and controlled by another vessel.
37
Which of these types of vessels can cover the most territory in a given amount of time?
AUV
DSV
ROV
HMS
38
Coastal stacks are often the last remnants of __________.
beaches
bay barriers
spits
sea arches
39
The greatest number of drownings is probably caused by _____ currents.
turbidity
rip
longshore
downwelling
40
The vertical distance between a wave's crest and trough is its __________.
wave base
amplitude
wavelength
height
41
Which of these is the main chemical building block of all living things?
nitrogen
carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
42
A sounding will reveal the water's __________.
depth
depth
depth
depth
43
Which of these would be described as pelagic?
scallop
snail
squid
seaweed
44
The best device for determining the shape of a seamount would be a __________.
bottom profiling sonar device
satellite radar
grab sampler
sediment corer
45
Which of these types of vessels is not a UUV?
DSV
All the above are UUVs.
AUV
ROV
46
Island arcs are most often associated with __________.
fracture zones
mid-ocean ridges
continental shelves
oceanic trenches
47
Yeti crabs live __________.
near the hydrothermal vents of the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge
near the hydrothermal vents of the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge
near the hydrothermal vents of the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge
near the hydrothermal vents of the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge
48
According to your text, what was a significant motivator for the Age of Exploration?
trade and accumulation of wealth
military expansion
all of these
crowded conditions on land
49
Which of these forms of sea life are thought to take advantage of ocean currents in their efforts to move about?
plankton
all other answers
humpback whales
European eels
50
Sound travels in seawater __________.
the same speed as in air
faster than in air
faster or slower than in air, depending on temperature
slower than in air
