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Biology 204 Semester 1 Exam 2017-2018 Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology 204 Semester 1 Exam 2017-2018
Biology 204 Semester 1 Exam 2017-2018
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First Semester Final Exam Review Chapters 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
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Answers
1
A cross of a black chicken and a white chicken produce speckled chickens
multiple alleles
codominance
polygenic inheritance
incomplete dominance
2
Why were all offspring tall when Mendel crossed tall plants with short plants?
the allele for short is dominant
the allele for tall is dominant
the allele for tall is recessive
they were true breeding like their parents
3
Which is NOT a problem that growth causes for cells?
obtaining enough food
DNA overload
excess oxygen
expelling wastes
4
In the presence of oxygen, glycolysis is followed by
lactic acid fermentation
photosynthesis
Krebs cycle
alcoholic fermentation
5
Why are stem cells important?
They have specialized DNA
They have the potential to undergo cell division
They have the potential to develop into other cell types
They are incapable of becoming cancer cells
6
A Punnett square shows all the following EXCEPT
the actual results of a genetic cross
the genotypes of the offspring
the alleles in the gametes of each parent
all possible results of a genetic cross
7
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
active transport
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
osmotic pressure
8
Eukaryotes usually contain
a nucleus
specialized organelles
genetic material
all of these are in eukaryotes
9
Energy is released from ATP when
a phosphate group is added
ATP is exposed to sunlight
adenine bonds to ribose
a phosphate group is removed
10
Proteins are made of which molecules?
fatty acids
monosaccharides
amino acids
nucleic acids
11
What is a substance formed by the chemical joining of two or more elements in definite amounts?
enzyme
compound
nucleus
isotope
12
How do organisms get the energy they need?
breaking down food slowly and capturing chemical energy
burning food and releasing the energy as heat
using the sun's energy to break down food and form chemicals
taking oxygen into lungs and combining it w/ carbon dioxide
13
How are cellular respiration (CR) and photosynthesis (PS) almost opposite processes?
PS removes carbon dioxide from air and CR puts it back
PS removes oxygen from air and CR puts it back
PS releases water and CR takes in water
PS releases energy, CR stores energy
14
When one allele is not completely dominant over another allele for that gene
polygenic inheritance
multiple genes
multiple alleles
incomplete dominance
15
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
body cells
haploid cells
2N daughter cells
diploid cells
16
Unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs in
animal cells only
all but plant cells
plant cells only
all eukaryotic cells
17
Fats, oils and cholesterol are all types of
fatty acids
cell membranes
lipids
hormones
18
How does society help science advance?
society raises questions that science can help answer
society makes technology that can be used in science
society bias steers scientists toward studying certain ideas
society's morals help scientists make good decisions
19
As a cell becomes larger, its
volume increases, but surface area stays the same
volume increases faster than its surface area
surface area increases but volume stays the same
surface area increases faster than its volume
20
Which is NOT a function of proteins?
help fight disease
control the rate of reactions and control cell processes
store and transmit genetic information
build tissues like bone and muscle
21
Which of these shows a good controlled experiment to test where bacteria grows better?
grow 10 plates in the dark
grow 10 plates in the light
grow 5 plates in the dark and 5 plates in the light
grow 10 plates in the light with extra water
22
When the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is equal, molecules will
move across the membrane to the inside of the cell
stop moving across the membrane
move across the membrane to the outside of the cell
move across the membrane in both directions
23
Mendel used pea plants to study
flowering
the inheritance of traits
gamete formation
cross-pollination
24
Where do the light-dependent reactions take place?
in the stroma
in the mitochondria
only in chlorophyll molecules
in the thylakoid membranes
25
Breathing heavily after running a race is your body's way of
repaying an oxygen debt
restarting glycolysis
making more citric acid
recharging the electron transport chain
26
Which is NOT a principle of the cell theory?
cells are the basic units of life
very few cells reproduce
all living things are made of cells
all cells are produced by existing cells
27
A cell with a defective p53 gene is likely to
stop responding to growth regulators
generate hormones that combat tumors
produce cells without a defective p53 gene
stop dividing to produce daughter cells
28
Why is carbon so special compared to other elements?
Only C atoms can be dissolved in solutions & suspensions
Only C atoms can form covalent bonds with O and H
It can bond to more C and form many different structures
It has 4 extra electrons and can form quadruple bonds
29
Which property or properties of water causes the curved surface in a graduated cylinder?
pH
heat capacity
polarity and pH
cohesion and adhesion
30
What makes up a molecule of water?
two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
one atom of hydrogen and two atoms of oxygen
one atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine
31
Hypotheses may arise from
prior knowledge
logical inferences
knowledge, imagination and inferences
informed creative imagination
32
The cell theory applies to
bacteria
plants and animals
all living things
multicellular organisms
33
Diffusion occurs because
molecules constantly move and collide with each other
molecules never move or collide with each other
concentration of a solution is never the same throughout
concentration of a solution is always the same throughout
34
Where does the Calvin cycle take place?
photosystems
stroma
thylakoid membranes
chlorophyll molecules
35
Which is a possible future benefit of stem cell research?
generating embryos from nonliving tissue
developing a vaccine for cancer
reversing damage from a heart attack
increasing a person's intelligence quotient
36
One difference between cell division in plant cells and in animal cells is plant cells have
chromatin
centromeres
a cell plate
centrioles
37
What is released during cellular respiration?
oxygen
air
lactic acid
energy
38
Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into
high-energy sugars and starches
ATP and oxygen
oxygen
oxygen and high-energy sugars and starches
39
Biology is the study of
land, water and air on Earth
animals and plants only
the environment
the living world
40
Which of the following is NOT a goal of science?
to establish a collection of unchanging truths
to investigate and understand the natural world
to use derived explanations to make useful predictions
to explain events in the natural world
41
Gene maps are based on
genetic diversity
the frequencies of crossing over between genes
independent assortment
the number of genes in a cell
42
When salt dissolves in water, water is the
solution
solute
reactant
solvent
43
Which type of carbon compound includes sugars and starches?
carbohydrates
unsaturated fatty acids
phospholipids
proteins
44
When Mendel crossed a tall plant with a short plant, the F1 plants inherited
tall allele from tall parent, short allele from short parent
an allele from only the tall parent
an allele for tallness from each parent
an allele for shortness from each parent
45
What are found in the space surrounding the nucleus of an atom?
electrons
protons
ions
neutrons
46
Which organelles help provide cells with energy?
Golgi apparatus and ribosomes
mitochondria and chloroplasts
rough endoplasmic reticulum
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
47
Mendel concluded that traits are
not inherited by offspring
inherited by passing of factors from parents to offspring
determined by dominant factors only
determined by recessive factors only
48
What is produced by the Calvin cycle?
carbon dioxide gas
ATP
oxygen gas
high-energy sugars
49
Which are the levels of organization in a multicellular organism from simplest to most complex?
cell, tissue, organ system
organ system, organ, tissue, cell
cell, tissue, organ, organ system
tissue, organ, organ system
50
An animal cell surrounded by fresh water will burst because osmotic pressure causes
water to move out of the cell
water to move into the cell
solutes to move into the cell
solutes to move out of the cell
51
Which are prokaryotes?
animals
bacteria
plants
protists
52
The process how organisms keep everything inside their bodies within certain limits is called
evolution
respiration
photosynthesis
homeostasis
53
Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called
pigments
autotrophs
thylakoids
heterotrophs
54
Why is the metric measurement system easier to use than the English system?
metric units are smaller than English units
metric units are easier to measure than English units
metric system is based on multiples of 10
metric system is used by everyone in the world
55
Which process results in cells becoming specialized?
differentiation
apoptosis
interphase
cytokinesis
56
When the body needs to exercise for longer than 90 seconds, it gets ATP by carrying out
lactic acid fermentation
glycolysis
alcoholic fermentation
cellular respiration
57
Cellular respiration is aerobic because it requires
exercise
glucose
oxygen
light
58
After cell division, each daughter cell
has a lower surface area/volume ratio than the parent cell
has more DNA in its nucleus than the parent cell
has less DNA in its nucleus than the parent cell
has a higher surface area/volume ratio than the parent cell
59
The products of photosynthesis are the
products of cellular respiration
reactants of fermentation
products of glycolysis
reactants of cellular respiration
60
Which is NOT a source of energy during exercise?
alcoholic fermentation
stored ATP
lactic acid fermentation
cellular respiration
61
The gas given off by a plant in bright sunlight at 27
o
C is probably
carbon dioxide
oxygen
ATP
vaporized water
62
A substance composed of only one type of atom is called a(n)
compound
cell
molecule
element
63
What is NOT produced by the light dependent reactions
NADPH
ATP
sugar
oxygen
64
How do scientific theories compare to hypotheses?
hypotheses combine ideas of many theories to explain events
theories unify a broad range of observations and hypotheses
theories are the same as hypotheses
hypotheses are the dominant view among scientists
65
What advance in technology made the discovery of cells possible?
particle accelerator
microscope
ultraviolet light
centrifuge
66
Which means of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell?
active transport
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
diffusion
67
What is NOT
used
in the overall reactions of photosynthesis?
sunlight
water
carbon dioxide
sugar
68
Most plants appear green because chlorophyll
reflects green light
reflects violet light
absorbs green light
absorbs violet light
69
Which is a correct statement about the events of the cell cycle?
the M phase is usually the longest phase
little happens during the G1 and G2 phases
interphase consists of the G1, S and G2 phases
DNA replicates during cytokinesis
70
What is the starting molecule for glycolysis?
citric acid
ADP
pyruvic acid
glucose
71
A scientific hypothesis
can be based on personal beliefs or opinions
is a proven fact with much evidence to support it
does not have to be tested to be accepted as true
can be tested by experiments or observations
72
In eukaryotic cells, the
timing
of the cell cycle is regulated by
cyclins
p53
the spindle
the centrioles
73
Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?
ribosome
chloroplast
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
74
Variation in human skin color is an example of
codominance
incomplete dominance
multiple alleles
polygenic traits
75
Which term refers to cells having different jobs in an organism?
unicellular
cell specialization
levels of organization
multicellular
76
What is NOT a function of the nucleus?
contains information needed to make proteins
stores DNA
controls most of the cell's processes
makes proteins
77
During normal mitosis, a cell with 8 chromosomes will produce 2 cells, each with
8 chromosomes
4 chromosomes
2 chromosomes
16 chromosomes
78
If carbon dioxide is completely removed from a plant's environment, what would happen?
more sugars will be produced
carbon dioxide does not affect the production of sugar
the same amount of sugar will be produced w/o carbon dioxide
no sugars will be produced
79
If an organisms diploid number is 18, its haploid number is
2
36
18
9
80
Linked genes
are never separated
assort independently
are always recessive
are on the same chromosome
81
Glycolysis requires
hours to produce many ATP molecules
an energy input
NADP+
oxygen
82
Based on what you have seen, you say that water could speed p the growth of bread mold. This is
a hypothesis
a conclusion
an experiment
an analysis
83
Gametes have
homologous chromosomes
one allele for each gene
twice the number of chromosomes found in body cells
two sets of chromosomes
84
Electron microscopes can reveal details
1000 times smaller than those visible in light microscopes
of cell structures only once they are stained
about the different colors of cell structures
only in specimens that are still alive
85
The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called
interphase
mitosis
metaphase
cell division
86
The cells of multicellular organisms are
smaller than those of unicellular organisms
simpler than those of unicellular organisms
not dependent on one another
specialized to perform different tasks
87
What does NOT affect the rate of photosynthesis?
water
wind
temperature
light intensity
88
Plants take in energy by absorbing
high energy sugars
sunlight
chlorophyll a
chlorophyll b
89
Which is a function of the cell membrane?
keeps the cell wall in place
store water, salt, proteins and carbohydrates
break down lipids, carbohydrates and proteins from food
regulates what goes in and out of the cell
90
Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their
growth rate
spindle fibers
surface area
size
91
Organisms that cannot make their own food and must get energy from the food they eat are called
autotrophs
pigments
thylakoids
heterotrophs
92
If you stir salt into boiling water, you produce a
solution and suspension
mixture only
mixture called a suspension
mixture called a solution
93
Which of the following assort independently?
genes on the same chromosome
codominant alleles
chromosomes
multiple allels
94
An advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that
sexual
reproduction
provides genetic diversity
produces identical offspring
takes less time
requires more time
95
The three particles that make up atoms are
protons, neutrons and isotopes
protons, neutrons and electrons
positives, negatives and neutrals
neutrons, isotopes and electrons
96
A personal preference or point of view is
a bias
a theory
a hypothesis
an inference
97
Scientist makes hypothesis about how virus affects humans, what would other researchers do?
change hypothesis to fit their own findings
reject hypothesis right away
assume the hypothesis is true for all viruses
design new experiments to test the proposed hypothesis
98
Diffusion is movement of molecules from
equilibrium to low concentration
equilibrium to high concentration
low concentration to high concentration
high concentration to low concentration
99
Why is water a polar molecule?
parts of the molecule have slightly different charges
it contains two hydrogen atoms for each oxygen atom
it does not have a charge
it has a charge
100
When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?
only during cell division
only when they are being replicated
only during the G1 phase
only during interphase
101
How does studying science help you be a better member of society?
Knowing science will help you live w/o the aid of technology
Knowing how science works helps you make better decisions
Memorizing facts will help you become more intelligent
Learning biases of science helps you know right and wrong
102
Mendel's principles of genetics apply to
pea plants only
all organisms
plants only
animals only
103
What is the term for the substances that are changed in a chemical reaction?
reactants
enzymes
products
catalysts
104
A covalent bond is formed as the result of
transferring electrons
sharing an electron pair
sharing a proton pair
transferring protons
105
Gametes are produced by the process of
meiosis
replication
mitosis
crossing over
106
If you looked at a cell with a microscope, how would you know if it was a prokaryote?
the cell lacks a cell membrane
the cell lacks a nucleus
the cell lacks cytoplasm
the cell lacks genetic material
107
The principle of dominance states that
alleles are neither dominant nor recessive
some alleles are dominant and others recessive
all alleles are dominant
all alleles are recessive
108
The two main types of fermentation are called
alcoholic and aerobic
alcoholic and lactic acid
aerobic and anaerobic
lactic acid and anaerobic
109
DNA and RNA are two types of
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
110
A theory
is always true
may be changed or replaced
is a problem to be solved
is the opening statement of an experiment
