The New World Settlement theory that relies on early boats is:

The Pacific Coastal Route or “Kelp Highway” theory

Homo erectus represents a different kind of hominin than the more ancient African predecessors. One of the reasons is:

increased body size and robusticity.

Bioarchaeological studies have shown that overall health quality:

declined with the development of agriculture.

Which is a hallmark of State political organization?

Social classes; citizship; monopoly on force; admin institions; bureaucracy

Anthropologist V. Gordon Childe’s criteria for defining civilization

Are not adequate to describe New World civilizations

Domestication is defined as:

the propagation and exploitation of plants and animals by humans

Which is a hallmark of Egalitarian political organization?

No social classes; informal leadership

higher in elevation than Lower Egypt

In the north; near delta of river’s mouth where enters th Mediterranean Sea

Thus far, what do the postcranial remains of Dmanisi hominins indicate?

First hominins to leave Africa were possibly an early form of H. erectus

Where was the Indus civilization located?

The area now known as India and Pakistan

The model also known as "Recent African Evolution" is based on the origin of modern humans.

in Africa and their replacement of local populations in Europe and Asia

Why increase in dental caries, gum disease and reduction in tooth size and health in early agricultural societies?

predominance of starchy cereal grains in the diet

One of the 1st true cities; Identified with ancient people called Sumerians

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Anthropology 111 Final Exam Study Guide

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Questions 34

Answers

1
Approaches to Sustainability can include:
Create climate footprint, switch to sustainable energy eg solar, wind
Ability to continue important functions indefinitely w/o decline in quality
Awareness, Avoidance, Action, and Anticipation of new technology.
All of the above
2
Modern day Iraq is better known to archaeologists studying Old World civilizations as a part of the region of
China
Europe
Mesopotamia
India
3
Archeologists working today address questions such as
When and where it did a particular civilization form?
None of the above
Why and how did a particular civilization form?
Both of the above
4
Which is a hallmark of Stratified political organization?
a) Social classes
Social classes; citizshp; monopoly on force; admin institutons; bureaucracy
No social classes; informal leadership
Social differentiation but not social classes
5
Hypotheses proposed to explain the fall of the classic Maya civilization include:
a) Systemic ecological collapse, declinng Marginal Returns n Investment
Epidemic Diseases and Drought
Foreign Invasions and Collapse of long-distance trade routes
All of the above
6
By far the largest collection of Homo erectus remains have been found at what cave site?
Trinil
Zhoukoudian
Sangiran
Olduvai
7
Which of the following is NOT one of the hypotheses explaining the origins and dispersal of anatomically modern humans?
the complete replacement model
the regional continuity model
the European model
the partial replacement model
8
Anatomically modern Homo sapiens first occurred:
a) 1200 years ago
a) 200-300 kya
a) 4 million years ago
a) 10 kya
9
The New World Settlement theory that relies on early boats is:
The Pacific Coastal Route or “Kelp Highway” theory
The Siberian Husky theory
The Bering Land Bridge theory
The Frequent Flyer theory
10
Climate change is altering the environment for plants and animals as seen in:
Coral reef bleaching
All of the above
Bird Migration
Failing crops
11
Homo erectus represents a different kind of hominin than the more ancient African predecessors. One of the reasons is:
less encephalization
H. erectus is a step towards being more ape-like.
less variation among different regional populations
increased body size and robusticity.
12
Resilience can include
Mental, physical, social, and spiritual resources
All of the above
Abandon monoculture & develop a patchwork of semi-domesticated & GMO crops
The ability to thrive in the face of change
13
Bioarchaeological studies have shown that overall health quality:
declined with the development of agriculture.
improved with the lifestyles related to domesticated animals.
among farmers was better than among hunter-gatherers.
improved with the development of agriculture.
14
According to V. Gordon Childe, traits of civilization include:
Lomekwian tools
All of the above
Homo erectus
Wheeled carts & plows
15
Which is a hallmark of State political organization?
Social classes; citizship; monopoly on force; admin institions; bureaucracy
a) No social classes; informal leadership
a) Social classes
No social classes; informal leadership
16
Anthropologist V. Gordon Childe’s criteria for defining civilization
Are often found in fortune cookie sayings
Are an adequate description for all early civilizations
Are not adequate to describe New World civilizations
Are not adequate to describe Old World civilizations
17
Domestication is defined as:
genetic changes that render plants and animals dependent on humans
the process of teaching animals to be tame
the intensive use of plants and animals by humans
the propagation and exploitation of plants and animals by humans
18
Looking at explanations for the rise of complex societies in comparing environmental and cultural explanations, we find:
Can be taken to extremes in ways tantamount mutually exclusive determinism
Both amount to approximately the same thing
A and C
Are not the same but can be used to various extents in various situations
19
According to V. Gordon Childe, traits of civilization include:
Irrigation
All of the above
Standards of weight and measure
Sailing boats
20
The Chinese Bronze Age included:
All of the Above
Huge cities
A high level of specialization
A high level of labor
21
Which of the following Mesoamerican cities wasthe Aztec capital?
Tenochtitlán
Monte Alban
Teotihuacán
Tula
22
Which is a hallmark of Egalitarian political organization?
Social classes citizenship monopoly on force admin institutions bureaucracy
Social Strat Class structure/hierarchypolitical, econ sociology bureaucracy
Social differentiation but not social classes
No social classes; informal leadership
23
Upper Egypt is
higher in elevation than Lower Egypt
immediately north of Lower Egypt
known for the river Ganges
adjacent to the Mediterranean Sea
24
Lower Egypt is:
All of the above
In the north; near delta of river’s mouth where enters th Mediterranean Sea
In the west, near the mouth of the rivers that flow into Lake Victoria
In the south, near the delta of Lake Tanganyika
25
When compared to large-bodied earlier Homo specimens, Homo erectus relative brain size is:
smaller
larger
about the same
about the size of a scarecrow
26
Which civilization(s) developed a hieroglyphic form of writing?
Mesoamericans
Ancient Egyptians
Sumerians
All of the above
27
Thus far, what do the postcranial remains of Dmanisi hominins indicate?
They are indistinguishable from Homo sapiens.
They are much more similar to modern humans than to Homo erectus
They are significantly more robust than other Homo erectus.
First hominins to leave Africa were possibly an early form of H. erectus
28
Where was the Indus civilization located?
The area now known as the Mesoamerican Indian Reservation
The area around the Mediterranean Sea
The area around the Aegian Sea
The area now known as India and Pakistan
29
According to V. Gordon Childe, traits of civilization include:
Mathematics
a) All of the above
a) Draft animals
a) Writing
30
The model also known as "Recent African Evolution" is based on the origin of modern humans.
in Africa and their replacement of local populations in Europe and Asia
in Africa and their interbreeding with local African populations
in China and their relatively recent evolution in Africa
simultaneously in Africa and China
31
The language of the Sumerians:
Is unrelated to any other known languages
All of the above
Used cuneiform wedge-shaped writing symbols
Used hieroglyphs
32
Why increase in dental caries, gum disease and reduction in tooth size and health in early agricultural societies?
predominance of starchy cereal grains in the diet
diet based upon domesticated wild cattle
availability of fewer plant resources
an abundance of animal meat in the diet
33
According to V. Gordon Childe, traits of civilization include:
Metallurgy
All of the above
Craft specialization
Surplus production
34
Uruk was:
All of the above
Located in present-day Italy
One of the 1st true cities; Identified with ancient people called Sumerians
An important hunter-gatherer culture

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