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Midterm Review: Genetics and Evolution Flashcards | StudBud
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Midterm Review: Genetics and Evolution
Midterm Review: Genetics and Evolution
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midterm review
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40 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Which is asexual reproduction?
A pea plant growing from seeds in a pea pod
Grass growing off the runners (roots) of another plant
A bee transporting pollen from one flower to another
A rose bush growing from a seed
2
Based on natural selection, what kinds of variations are MOST frequently inherited?
helpful variations
new variations
harmful variations
all variations seen in both parents of an organism
3
What is true about sexual and asexual reproduction?
Most multicelliular animals reproduce asexually
Sexual reproduction produces more offspring than asexual
Sexual reproduction produces more variations in offpsring
sexual reproduction happens more often in 1 celled organims
4
Which term refers to similar structures, inherited from a common ancestor?
DNA
developmental organisms
homologous structures
punctuated equilibria
5
A family has 6 sons and 2 girls. If they have another child, what is the % it will be a girl?
100%
75%
50%
25%
6
Which kingdom contains the MOST diverse adaptations for obtaining food and escaping predators?
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
Eubacteria
7
What does Tt mean?
one dominantallele and one blank allele
two recessive alleles
one dominantand one recessive allele
two dominant alleles
8
What is similar about mitosis and meiosis?
They both make new cells
Nothing
They both make sex cells
They both make body cells
9
Predators often avoid nonvenomous milk snakes because they look like venomous coral snakes. Ex?
selection
camouflage
mimicry
gene
10
What is the relationship between genes and chromosomes?
genes are carried on chromosomes from parent to offpsring
chromosomes are carried on genes from parent to offpsring
genes are carried on chromosomes from offpsring to parent
chromosomes are carried on genes from offspring to parent
11
What did Darwin observe about finches in the Galapagos Islands?
Their beaks were adapted to match the foods they ate.
They had identical genotypes in all locations.
They had identical phenotypes in all locations.
Their feathers wereadapted to match their environment.
12
Which adaptation(s) would you expect animals to have if they lived in the desert?
furthat is dark in color to absorb heat
skinand kidneys that conserve water
a thick layer of fat that conserves heat
acoat of thick fur that conserves heat
13
The gradual change in a species over time is called
variation
migration
mutation
evolutoin
14
Polar bears have white fur that help them hide from their prey. What is this an example of?
selective breeding
natural selection
mimicry
adaptation
15
If two organisms lookvery similar as embyos, this is evidencethat the organisms
have exactly the same DNA.
evolved from a common ancestor.
are not related.
evolved from different ancestors.
16
Produce more offspring than are able to survive is called...
selection
competition
variation
overproduction
17
In pigs, a long tail is dominant (L) over short (l) What genotype must a short tailed pig have?
Ll
LL
lL
ll
18
Two parents are hybrids (Bb) for black fur. What % of their offspring will have black hair?
100%
75%
50%
25%
19
Mendel crossed a tall pea plant with a short pea plant. What results did he get?
All tall offspring
All short offpsring
Tall and short offspring
20
In humans, what is produced during mitosis?
body cells with 46 chromosomes
sex cells with 46 chromosomes
sex cells with 23 chromosomes
body cells with 23 chromosomes
21
Farmers create corn plants by crossing one with many kernels with one that is disease resistant
This is an example of selective breeding
This is an example of mitosis
This is an example of genetic engineering
This is an example of asexual reproduction
22
Genes are carried on what structures?
chromosomes
cells
DNA
23
What best describes Gregor Mendel’s work and his impact on genetics?
He bred pea plants and created the foundation ofgenetics.
He inbred pea plants and set genetics back many years.
He bred animals and created the foundation ofgenetics.
He inbredanimals and set genetics back many years.
24
The genetic make up of an organism is called its
chromosome
trait
phenotype
genotype
25
How does natural selection lead to evolution?
Environmental changes kill weaker members of the species.
Best adapted members of a species pass on helpful traits.
Strongeroffspring kill weaker members of the species.
Overpopulation provides more food for members of a species
26
In what type of rock do fossils form?
sedimentary
igneous
metamorphic
27
Which fossil lived the longest time ago?
They are all the same age
organism C
organism B
organism A
28
The physical expression of a gene is called its ____________.
chromosome
gene
phenotype
geontype
29
Homozygous black guinea pig (BB) crossed homozygous white guinea pig (bb), % black offspring?
75%
50%
25%
100%
30
Factors that control traits are called
parents
recessives
genes
purebreds
31
Darwin found 13 species of finches on the Galapagos Islands. What did he conclude about them?
a. They developed from other types of organisms
a. They evolved from acommon ancestor.
They evolved from 13 different types of birds
a. They all came fromdifferent continents.
32
What occurs during the process of natural selection?
Only the fittest organisms survive andreproduce.
Breeders cross organisms with desirable traits.
Organisms remain exactly the same over manygenerations.
Organisms choose mates from other species.
33
How did Darwin develop his ideas about evolution?
By studying only fossil remains around the world.
a. Bymaking thousands of branching tree diagrams.
By watching peppered moths change from white to black.
Bystudying plants, animals and fossil around the world.
34
Individuals that are better adapted to their environmentm can survive and reproduce is called
overproduction
variation
competition
natural selection
35
Which shows selective breeding?
Tulips being grown from the seeds of the best looking tulips
An oak tree being grown from an acorn
Two beetles randomly mating
Two elephants mating
36
What is the role of genes in evolution?
Dominant alleles are more common in surviving organisms.
Parents with recessive genes die fromoverproduction.
Only genes can be acted on by natural selection.
Traits controlled by genes are affected by natural selection
37
The preserved remains of an organism are called
bones
rock
fossils
organism
38
In humans, what is produced during meiosis?
sex cells with 46 chromosomes
sex cells with 23 chromosomes
body cells with 23 chromosomes
body cells with 46 chromosomes
39
A difference between members of the same species is a(n)
selection
overproduction
variation
competition
40
Which variation would MOST LIKELY help the animal survive a change to a colder climate?
a rodent with larger ears
a reptile with a larger stomach
abird with larger lungs
amammal with a thicker coat
