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Earth Science Regents Final Review
Earth Science Regents Final Review
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reviewing for the earth science regents
Flashcards
80 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
What will produce a U shaped valley?
wave action
moving ice
wind
flowing water
2
S waves only travel through
liquid
plasma
solids
gas
3
What would the relative humidity be at the bottom of a cloud?
0%
15%
100%
50%
4
Which planet has a density closest to the moon's density?
MErcury
Neptune
Jupiter
MArs
5
A good index fossil is
long lived and found over a small area
widespread and long lived
short lived and found in a small area
widespread and short lived
6
What is continental drift?
continents were one big land mass
theory where one plates in the lithosphere move together
continents were once joined and over time have separated
plates are colliding in the lithosphere
7
Oceanic Crust is ___________ and _____________ than continental crust
thinner and denser
thicker and less dense
thicker and denser
thinner and less dense
8
What is the streak of a mineral?
bubbling with acid
it's magnetic
powdered form
scratching glass
9
How much does the earth revolve in 1 day?
1 degree
360 degrees
180 degrees
30 degrees
10
Which event followed a volcanic eruption causing cooling of global temperatures?
release of carbon dioxide and methane
the outflow of magma over the earth's surface
thunderstorms developed near the eruption
addition of ash particles to the atmosphere
11
An air mass classified as cT usually forms over what type of surface?
cool land
warm water
warm land
cool water
12
Which object forms by the contraction of gases causing nuclear fusion of elements?
planet
star
moon
comet
13
Rainwater will enter the ground if the ground is
saturated and impermeable
saturated and permeable
unsaturated and permeable
unsaturated and impermeable
14
If carbon 14 has gone through 2 half lives, what percentage remains?
0
50
100
25
15
Limestone cave formation is an example of
chemical weathering
physical weathering
warming fossils
erosion
16
Which characteristic would remain constant when a cobble is subjected to extensive abrasion?
shape
volume
mass
composition
17
Which agent of erosion with scratch and polish the bedrock?
wind
a moving glacier
running water
wave action
18
Near what latitudes are Earth's dry climates found?
30oN and 30oS
0 and 30oN
0o and 30oS
0o and 60oN
19
In NY, why does our shadow always point north?
the equator is north of us
Polaris is in the north
the sun is always south of us
the sun is always north of us
20
Which location experiences a cooler summer climate due to ocean currents?
southwest coast of South America
southeast coast of North America
northeast coast of Australia
northwest coast of Europe
21
Alternating bands of normal and reversed magnetic polarity can be found on either side of the
San Andreas Fault
Yellowstone Hot Spot
Mid Atlantic Ridge
Peru Chile Trench
22
The oldest rocks are at the bottom of an outcrop. This is the law of
unconformity
uniformitarianism
cross cutting
superposition
23
the fan shaped deposit that forms when running water enters a lake is called
valley
unconformity
a delta
mountain
24
What is evolution?
An organism can't adapt to it's environment
a replacement of a group of organisms
the separation of organisms into groups that cannot mate
the change is a species over a period of time
25
What direction does the Genesee River flow?
East
West
North
South
26
Using the path of the sun, how would you know if an observer is at the equator?
the sun is at 0 degrees
the sun is at a low angle
the sun never sets
the sun is directly overhead
27
What process would lead to the formation of salt deposits?
runoff
evaporation
condensation
melting
28
Which rock type forms from heat and pressure?
igneous
sedimentary
lava
metamorphic
29
What is the main source of energy for the water cycle?
the sun
the moon
the rain
the earth's interior
30
An air pressure of 1023.5 would be represented on a station model as
235
532
102
1023.5
31
In NY, summer is warmer than winter because NYS summer has
fewer hours of daylight and higher angle of insolation
fewer hours of daylight and less angle of insolation
more hours of daylight and less angle of insolation
more hours of daylight and higher angle of insolation
32
A radial drainage pattern is best shown by choice
3
4
2
1
33
Which type of rock contains fossils?
sedimentary
igneous
lava
metamorphic
34
What processes will cause a rise in the water table?
solidification and condensation
precipitation and infiltration
runoff and erosion
deposition and burial
35
If you increase slope, stream velocity will
what is slope
increase
remain the same
decrease
36
Tsunami are usually caused by what?
earthquakes under the sea
global warming
volcanoes under the sea
tectonic plates moving
37
New York States landscape regions are identified on the basis of elevation and
bedrock structure
latitude
climate zones
geologic age
38
During the day a sea breeze develops because water has
a higher specific heat than land
a lower latent heat than land
a lower specific heat than land
a higher latent heat than land
39
The division of Earth's history is based on
climatic changes
seismic data
fossil evidence
absolute dating techniques
40
Different constellations observed in the sky at different times of year, is proof of
revolution
rotation
day and night
the pendullum
41
What kind of weather is associated with a front?
precipitation
high pressure
windy
sunny
42
A moraine would be caused by which force?
plants
water
ice
wind
43
Deflection of Earth's planetary winds is called the
convection
Doppler Effect
gravitational pull
Coriolis effect
44
Why does air cool as it rises up a mountain?
air expands and condenses
air compresses and condenses
air compresses and evaporates
air expands and evaporates
45
Evidence the universe is expanding is best provided by
the red shift
the blue shift
parallelism of Earth's axis
finding other solar systems
46
Surface winds in a low pressure system flow
away from the center and clockwise
toward the center and clockwise
away from the center and counterclockwise
toward the center and counterclockwise
47
What does the pendulum prove?
convection
revolution
rotation
radiation
48
Which day if the sun's perpendicular rays over the Tropic of Cancer (23.5N)?
June 21
Sept 21
MArch 21
Dec 21
49
In the process of nucleosynthesis, which reaction continues for the longest time?
O→Si
C→O
Si→Fe
H→He
50
A trench forms at a
convergent boundary
transform boundary
divergent boundary
hot spot
51
Which star is more massive than our Sun but lower in temperature?
Aldebaran
40 Eridani B
Sirius
Barnard's Star
52
What is erosion?
Sediment settles out while it is being eroded
A process in which wind, water or temperature break down rocks
Water, wind or ice carry away broken down rock
Deposits of rock
53
Which sequence lists items from least to greatest total mass?
milky way, universe, solar system
solar system, Milky way, universe
universe, milky way, solar system
milky way, solar system, universe
54
Which layer of the atmosphere contains ozone?
stratosphere
mesosphere
troposphere
thermosphere
55
The sun rises in the
west
south
north
east
56
What is an unconformity?
unnatural rocks
erosional surface
when rocks are folded
under the ocean
57
What process is occurring in the mantle that is inferred to cause plate tectonic motion?
precipitation
conduction
convection
radiation
58
Which is a
mafic
igneous rock?
Granite
Basalt
Andesite
Rhyolite
59
Which layer of earth is composed of iron and nickel?
hydrosphere
core
crust
mantle
60
Deposition within a stream occurs on the inside of the curves because the
water velocity decreases
stream is narrower
stream gradient increases
water is deeper
61
How long does it take for one Earth rotation?
365 days
24 hours
29.5 days
12 hours
62
How many hours of daylight are at the north pole on June 21?
12
15
0
24
63
Which process of the water cycle is responsible for cloud formation?
condensation
runoff
precipitation
evaporation
64
What evidence supports the theory of the Big Bang?
cosmic background radiation
impact craters on Earth
different compositions of the planets
blue shift from galaxies
65
What are the main greenhouse gases?
oxygen and methane
carbon dioxide and methane
carbon dioxide and nitrogen
ozone and oxygen
66
The release of water vapor from plants is called
evaporation
precipitation
transpiration
condensation
67
As latitude increases, general surface temperature
I don't know
decreases
remains the same
increases
68
If the altitude of Polaris is 40, what is the observer's latitude
50oN
40oS
50oS
40oN
69
Capillarity works best with particles that are
smaller
what's capillarity?
in the middle
larger
70
Which color has the shortest wavelength?
green
red
yellow
violet
71
How many days does it take the moon to go from one full moon phase to the next full moon phase?
27.3
29.5
35.1
14.7
72
When did the dinosaurs become extinct?
250 million years ago
65.5 million years ago
153 million years ago
yesterday
73
Oceanic crust usually subducts below continental crust because oceanic crust is
less dense and mafic
more dense and felsic
less dense and felsic
more dense and mafic
74
The gases of Earth's early atmosphere are inferred to have come primarily from
evaporation of seawater
volcanic eruptions
melting of glacial ice
meteor showers
75
If there is a 3 hours time difference between 2 cities, what is the longitude difference?
60
15
23.5
45
76
Station Model
1
4
2
3
77
Which natural event weakens ocean currents causing changes in temperature and precipitation?
El Niño
ocean tides
volcanic eruptions
transpiration
78
Most insolation striking a smooth, light colored surface is
reflected
absorbed
transmitted
refracted
79
If the distance between the earth and sun doubled, what changes would occur?
gravitational pull and revolution would decrease
gravitational pull would increase and revolution decrease
gravitational pull and revolution would increase
gravitational pull would decrease and revolution increase
80
Which weather instrument is used to measure wind speed?
thermometer
barometer
anemometer
psychrometer