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Biology EOC Review
Biology EOC Review
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1
Some ecosystems can only support a certain number of organisms. This is called
community
carrying capacity
scavenger boundary
overproduction
2
What part of cell division is represented here?
prophase
anaphase
telophase
metaphase
3
Which pair of structures can be found in a prokaryotic cell?
mitochondria and vacuole
ribosome and cell membrane
nucleus and chloroplast
lysosome and cell wall
4
Which of the structures of the brain is located at the bottom of the brain?
corpus callosum
temporal lobe
medulla oblongata
occipital lobe
5
Which is a type of passive transport?
osmosis
protein pumps
exocytosis
endocytosis
6
Where is ATP produced in the cell?
golgi bodies
mitochondria
nucleus
ribosomes
7
Which trait is shared by the amphibians and fish?
bipedal
vertebrae
amniotic egg
tetrapod
8
What is taking place in this cell?
cytokinesis - plant
prophase
cytokinesis - animal
metaphase
9
Brown eyes are dominant over blue. What is the chance of a blue eyed F1 from parents Bb and bb?
50%
25%
100%
75%
10
According to most current theories of origins of life, where did life most likely form first?
atmosphere
desert
oceans
swamps
11
Which type of natural selection is this population experiencing?
evolutionary
disruptive
stabilizing
directional
12
Provide the matching side to this DNA molecule: AATCG
UUAGC
TTAGC
AATCG
TTUGC
13
Letter C represents
the stroma
a granum
a thylakoid
the chloroplast
14
What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy within a food web?
food chain
trophic level
energy path
food pyramid
15
In human reproduction, what is the purpose of the fallopian tubes?
transporting the egg to the uterus
producing egg cells
removing unfertilized eggs from the body
providing nourishment to the fertilized egg
16
Which of the following is NOT a universal base of DNA found in almost all organisms?
uracil
guanine
cytosine
adenine
17
Which property of water allows it to carry a wide variety of chemicals through the body?
surface tension
universal solvent
neutral pH
high heat capacity
18
Which color represents the parietal lobe?
orange
blue
pink
green
19
What did Hooke contribute to cell theory?
said all plants were made of cells
stated new cells came from old cells
made the first observation of a cell
said all animals were made of cells
20
The first (or lowest) trophic level refers to
sunlight
all animals
all herbivores
all producers
21
Which types of organisms developed first due to early environmental conditions on Earth?
prokaryotic and anaerobic
prokaryotic and aerobic
eukaryotic and aerobic
eukaryotic and anaerobic
22
Which piece of technology was critical to the development of cell theory?
balance
microscope
telescope
bunsen burner
23
When red and white carnations are crossed, the offspring are pink. This is
multiple alleles
dominant alleles
codominance
incomplete dominance
24
The independent variable in an experiment is one that
you change
changes in response to the experiment
will never change
stays the same
25
Which correctly pairs a plant structure with its function?
roots anchor plants to substrates
flowers produce energy for seeds to develop
stems allow for plant movement
leaves capture water for photosynthesis
26
Which geologic feature contributes the most carbon to the atmosphere?
oceans
volcanoes
glaciers
deserts
27
Which of these could cause an increase in blood pressure?
exercising regularly
relaxing of heart muscle
eating a healthy diet
thickening of artery walls
28
Pelvic bones in whales are examples of
vestigial structures
adaptations
analogous structures
homologous structures
29
Which of the following is a consequence of genetic drift?
increased variation
decreased biodiversity
less mating among individuals
more alleles in a population
30
Which of these characteristics is NOT a property of water?
exhibits high cohesion
increased density as a solid
moderates changes in temperature
functions as a universal solvent
31
Which part of cell division is represented here?
telophase
anaphase
metaphase
prophase
32
Why must DNA strands be unzipped prior to replication?
to shorten and thicken chromosomes
to separate homologous pairs
to expose the sequence of bases
to allow DNA to form a double helix
33
According to the chart, the amount of cytosine in humans should be
13.4
28.8
29.4
19.9
34
Carbon cycles through the biosphere in all of he following processes EXCEPT
decomposition
photosynthesis
burning fossil fuels
transpiration
35
Which of these is a difference between mitosis and meiosis?
haploid cells are produced only after mitosis
DNA replication takes place only before mitosis
chromosomes condense only during meiosis
homologous chromosomes exchange info only during meiosis
36
Which property of water allows the formation of water into drops?
neutral pH
expansion
universal solvent
cohesion
37
What structure in the male reproductive system regulates temperature during sperm production?
scrotum
testes
penis
prostate
38
Which structure in both plant and animal cells converts glucose to ATP?
cell membrane
mitochondria
smooth er
chloroplast
39
Similar bone structure between different species supports what type of evidence for evolution?
DNA
fossil
biogeography
comparative anatomy
40
Which of the following is required for active transport?
storage vacuole
ADP
energy
water
41
During aerobic respiration, which molecule is needed?
glucose
oxygen
carbon dioxide
water
42
Organisms that have identical alleles for a trait are said to be
hybrid
dominant
heterozygous
homozygous
43
Which process takes place in the stroma?
kreb's cycle
calvin cycle
light reactions
glycolysis
44
Which of the following characteristics defines a cell as eukaryotic?
being able to move
having ribosomes
having a nucleus
being able to reproduce
45
What is the name of the family of proteins that regulate the timing of the cell cycle?
cyclins
amino acids
steroids
catalysts
46
During which part of the cell cycle does the cell experience the most growth?
A
C
B
D
47
One of the main functions of a stem is to
store carbohydrates
transport substances between roots and leaves
store water
carry out photosythesis
48
Which statement supports the theory of evolution?
brains of different mammal species show similar traits
fossils on the coast of S.America and Africa are the same
fossils of aquatic species are found in mountains
some animals have become domesticated by humans
49
Which property of water helps regulate temperature on Earth?
surface tension
heat capacity
polarity
expansion upon freezing
50
How many males are in the second generation?
4
3
1
2
51
What cellular process directly allows new skin cells to form in a human?
mitosis
meiosis
pollination
fertilization
52
What do the arrows in a food chain indicate?
size of organisms
number of organisms
amount of biomass
flow of energy
53
During which part of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
D
C
B
A
54
Which scientist advanced a theory of evolution based on natural selection?
Charles Darwin
Robert Hooke
Gregor Mendel
James Watson and Francis Crick
55
Which of these enters a food chain as an energy storage molecule produced by photosynthesis?
water
glucose
methane
carbon dioxide
56
What is the function of tRNA in translation?
carry amino acids to ribosome
copy the DNA in the nucleus
attach amino acids together
carry genetic code from the nucleus
57
Which macromolecule is represented?
protein
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
lipid
58
Which of these could result from cancer?
cells would be too small to function properly
cells would grow unregulated into a tumor
membranes would detach from cells
specialization would occur in cells
59
Which characteristic develops in skulls over time?
prominent brow ridge
smaller volume
larger teeth
smaller jaw bone
60
Which type of macromolecule is represented?
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
lipid
protein
61
Which step of cellular respiration produces the most ATP?
kreb's cycle
electron transport chain
glycolysis
fermentation
62
Which human impact would NOT cause a loss of biodiversity?
deforestation
burning of fossil fuels
preserving a rainforest
introducing an invasive species
63
Which of the following is NOT an example of a density dependent limiting factor?
natural disasters
predators
disease
parasites
64
Which set of characteristics is attributed to the most modern group of hominids?
bipedal, large brain, small jaw
bipedal, small brain, large jaw
arboreal, small brain, large jaw
arboreal, large brain, small jaw
65
Each parent gives one sex chromosome to their offspring. Whose chromosome determines the sex?
grandmother
father
mother
grandfather
66
What must be present in order for natural selection to occur in a population?
ability to choose traits
variation
unlimited resources
adaptation
67
Which cellular process takes place here?
DNA replication
osmosis
photosynthesis
cellular respiration
68
Why are the leaves of plants broad and flat?
to prevent water loss from transpiration
to obtain energy by breaking down glucose
capture light for photosynthesis
to transport nutrients through the plant
69
A mutation in which molecule would result in genetic variation?
carbohydrate
protein
lipid
nucleic acid
70
Which scientist was the first to describe the principles of dominance and segregation?
Mendel
Linnaeus
Darwin
Watson
71
Breaking bonds between which letters releases energy stored in this molecule?
A and B
C and D
A and D
B and C
72
Which of the following are only characteristic to the plant kingdom?
autotroph, prokaryotic, no cell wall
autrotrophs, eukaryotic, cell wall
autotroph, prokaryotic, cell wall
autotroph, eukaryotic, no cell wall
73
Which process differentiates meiosis from mitosis?
DNA replication occurs
crossing over occurs
the cytoplasm divides
a new cell forms
74
What effect can bottleneck events have on populations that have nearly become extinct?
reduce population size and reduce variation
increased gene flow and diversity
no impact
can lead to founder effects and high diversity
75
If the algae produced 50,000 cal of energy, how much is available to the sea lion?
50,000
500
50
5,000
76
What are the products of celllular respiration?
oxygen and energy
glucose and water
carbon dioxide and oxygen
carbon dioxide and water
77
Which characteristic was the first to appear as hominids diverged from a common ancestor?
ability to make tools
appearance of body hair
walking upright
hunting in groups
78
Which statement regarding whale evolution is supported by the diagram?
whales evolved before animals with two pairs of legs
whales evolved from animals with two pairs of legs
modern whales have large hind leg bones
ancient whales had larger brains
79
What bonds are broken to unzip the DNA strands during replication?
covalent bonds between sugar and phosphate
covalent bonds between sugars
hydrogen bonds between bases
hydrogen bonds between bases and phosphates
80
What is the function of a lysosome?
removing waste/old organelles
creates ATP
regulate the activity of the cell
makes proteins
81
What is the name for alternate forms of a gene?
phenotype
alleles
diploid cells
genotype
82
What is the subunit of a protein?
nucleic acid
nucleotide
peptide bond
amino acid
83
When organisms move out of a population, this is called
emigration
carrying capacity
k selection
immigration
84
Dog breeds are an example of
artificial selection
predation
natural selection
adaptations
85
Which of these will result from meiosis?
four genetically different haploid cells
four genetically identical diploid cells
two genetically identical diploid cells
two genetically different haploid cells
86
Which of these describes a benefit of crossing over?
genetic variation increases
genetic information replicates
cells begin to divide
homologous chromosomes separate
87
Which part of the brain is represented by the red color?
pituitary gland
cerebellum
occipital lobe
pons
88
Which gas is removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?
hydrogen
carbon dioxide
oxygen
nitrogen
89
What statement explains the role of RNA in protein synthesis?
RNA reads DNA to build proteins
RNA converts sunlight into energy
RNA uses DNA to perform cellular respiration
RNA assembles sugars from proteins
90
What is the name of the second stage of cellular respiration?
glycolysis
calvin cycle
electron transport chain
kreb's cycle
91
Which of the following is an autotroph?
tree
mushroom
gazelle
leopard
92
Mutations within a DNA sequence are
unnatural processes that affect the phenotype
natural processes that always affect phenotypes
natural processes that produce genetic diversity
unnatural processes that are harmful to genetic diversity
93
Which two macromolecules are used as the primary source of energy for cellular processes?
lipids and carbohydrates
proteins and lipids
carbohydrates and nucleic acids
nucleic acids and protein
94
In addition to light, which two substances are required for the start of photosynthesis?
sugar and oxygen
sugar and carbon dioxide
water and oxygen
water and carbon dioxide
95
What function is performed by a macromolecule made up of nucleotides?
function as enzymes
insulation
store genetic information
provide energy
96
What cellular process is taking place here?
exocytosis
endocytosis
cell division
osmosis
97
Which process reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid?
binary fission
fertilization
meiosis
budding
98
The black and white feathers in the offspring is an example of
multiple alleles
incomplete dominance
codominance
pure dominance
99
Which pathogen can be treated effectively with antibiotics?
viruses
bacteria
fungi
protists
100
Which statement best explains how the genetic code is universal?
Nucleotide ratios are different between species
DNA sequences are unique for each species
a genetic sequence codes for the same proteins
The shape of DNA molecules is the same in different species