Chromosomes & Genes (U3 S2)

Question 1

Cells with both sets of chromosomes, like somatic cells, are called ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

diploid

Question 2

Cells with one set of chromosomes, like sperm and egg cells, are called _________ cells.

Accepted Answer

haploid

Question 3

Bacteria reproduce by ___________________.

Accepted Answer

binary fission

Question 4

Each chromosome pair shares their size, shape and genetic content. They are called _____________ chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

homologous

Question 5

The _______________ is the point at which two chromatids are attached.

Accepted Answer

centromere

Question 6

An organism's reproductive cells, like sperm and egg cells, are called _____________.

Accepted Answer

gametes

Question 7

When an individual is missing a chromosome from a pair, it is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

monosomy

Question 8

No matter what type of cell division is occurring, ALL the information in DNA must be present in each of the new cells.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 9

Which of the following are human somatic cells? There are three correct choices.

Accepted Answer

brain cell, muscle cell, blood cell

Question 10

A ____________ mutation is when a segment is removed and added to another chromosome that is not the homologous partner.

Accepted Answer

translocation

Question 11

_______________ are the 22 pairs of chromosomes that are NOT directly involved in determining the sex of an individual.

Accepted Answer

autosomes

Question 12

Changes in chromosome number happen due to chromosomes failing to separate, a process called __________________.

Accepted Answer

nondisjunction

Question 13

As a eukaryotic cell prepares to divide, DNA and DNA-associated proteins coil up into ______________.

Accepted Answer

chromosomes

Question 14

Proteins associated with DNA are called ____________.

Accepted Answer

histones

Question 15

How many chromosomes do human somatic cells have?

Accepted Answer

46

Question 16

A chromosome is made up of two identical copies of a DNA strand. These two copies are called ____________.

Accepted Answer

chromatids

Question 17

A ____________ mutation is when a segment of the chromosome is removed.

Accepted Answer

deletion

Question 18

A ___________ mutation is when a segment of the chromosome is reversed.

Accepted Answer

inversion

Question 19

The vast amount of information encoded into DNA is organized into units called _________.

Accepted Answer

genes

Question 20

A ____________ mutation is when a segment of the chromosome is removed and added to its homologous partner.

Accepted Answer

duplication

Question 21

What are the two sex chromosomes for humans?

Accepted Answer

X, Y

Question 22

A _____________ is a photograph of all the chromosomes in a dividing cell used to detect changes in chromosome number.

Accepted Answer

karyotype

Question 23

When an individual possesses an extra chromosome in a pair, it is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

trisomy

Chromosomes & Genes (U3 S2)

Questions 23

Chromosomes & Genes (U3 S2)

Questions 23