Psych101 Final Review

Compulsive gamblers frequently recall losing less money than they did.  This memory failure is:

speed reading complex material yields little long-term retention because it inhibits:

_____________ is the knowledge or awareness of one’s own cognitive processes.

All of the following factors promote the development of an insecure attachment EXCEPT:

_______memory refers to recollection of a ones experience and the context in which it occurred.

Higher-order conditioning may contribute to the formation of:

Name the father of humanism:

______  is sensory crossover where stimulation of one sense also evokes a sensation in another.

_______________ lack reliability and validity.

The _______________ is associated with the encoding and storage of emotional material.

Over time_______________ typically decreases in relationships.

The distinctive feature of the psycho-dynamic perspective is its emphasis on:

 Multitasking is possible because some cognitive processing is                           

The most common result of _______________ during pregnancy is deafness.

Which component of personality represents morality and parental authority?

The neutral stimulus becomes a(n) _______________ in classical conditioning.

Which of the following is NOT a result of diffusion of responsibility?

An antidepressant would NOT be prescribed for:

Psychologists' personal values and goals:

The first psychodynamic theory of personality was developed by:

Your consciously activated but limited-capacity memory is called____memory

A cultural cause of prejudice is to:

The tendency to look for only information that supports one’s own belief is called:

A specification of how a researcher measures a variable is known as a(n):

Object permanence develops during the --- stage.

_______________are standardized questionnaires requiring written responses.

Which psychosexual stage is most crucial for the formation of personality, according to Freud?

The reappearance of a learned response after its apparent extinction is called:

_______________ are linked together by propositions.

Understanding of the conservation, identity, and serial ordering occurs during the --- stage.

Babies recognize key vowel and consonant sounds of their native language at:

Which method would best investigate religious beliefs and attitudes toward abortion?

Which of the following is considered to be an implicit memory?

Name the father of social psychology:

The drawing of conclusions or inferences from facts, observations, or assumptions is called:

According to Freud, the psychosexual stage that occurs during infancy is called the:

What is the most common explanation of bystander apathy?

Antipsychotics have been shown to be ineffective for the treatment of:

Genuine self esteem emerges from all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following is a humanist therapist?

Ebbinghaus' use of nonsense syllables to study memory led to the discovery that;

In Watson’s study of  Little Albert, what was the unconditioned stimulus?

Any relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs because of experience is called:

_____________reinforcement occurs when you escape from something unpleasant.

Correlational research is most useful for the purpose:

The first psychology textbook was written by?

________is a state of tension from the deprivation of physical needs, like food and water.

The Russian scientist Ivan Pavlov was studying:

Children begin to name objects at about the age of:

Which of the following is a sign of groupthink?

A(n) _______________ is a set of procedures guaranteed to produce a solution.

_______________ used factor analysis to identify 16 personality factors.

the fundamental sense of being male or female is a definition of:

The way kids learn abilities, interests, & behaviors with being male/female in culture is

In what age group does the challenge of initiative vs. guilt occur?

______occurs when the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus.

Automatic processing occurs without;

Social _____refers to the effect of social influence on thought, memory, perception, & beliefs.

Intermittent reinforcement results in:

The pursuit of an activity for external rewards is called:

semantic encoding refers to the processing of;

The research by Margaret and Harry Harlow demonstrated a need for --- in young rhesus monkets.

Receptors that account for our sense of balance are found in the:

When we make situational attributions, we are identifying the cause of an action as something:

Which part of personality is present at birth and is the reservoir of unconscious energy?

In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, what is the top level of the pyramid?

Research on the misinformation effect shows:

Which of the following is a primary reinforcer?

During short-term memory tasks, _______________is especially active.

_____is the capacity for deductive reasoning and the ability to use new info to solve problems.

The number 7 plus or minus two refers to storage in;

Automatic and effortful processing involves two types of:

Each person has_______________ social role(s).

Operant conditioning is most closely associated with:

Behaviorists focus on a basic kind of learning called:

Increased likelihood of miscarriage and premature birth result from --- while pregnant.

The auditory receptors are located in the_______________.

Name the father of functionalism:

the tendency to recall the first/last items in the list is known as _________effect

_______________ would occur if studying makes you lose time with your friends.

The mean of a distribution score is:

The Strange Situation test developed by Mary Ainsworth was designed to measure:

The use of operant conditioning techniques in real-world settings is called:

Both concepts and mental images can be used to construct:

Mood-congruent memory refers to the effect of emotional states on the process of:

The inability to remember/recall a song title is likely caused by:

_______________ memory refers to a vivid,detailed recollection of an emotional event.

The evolutionary and behavioral perspectives are most likely to differ with the issue of:

What percent of women report regret at reaching menopause?

Information in short-term memory is retained for about _______________ if it is not rehearsed.

People often fail to make accurate generalizations because of undue influence of_____cases

The father of structuralism is ________________

The fundamental sense of being male or female is a definition of:

Conscious, intentional recollection of an event or of an item of information is called:

_______________ are considered to be universal and biologically based.

The process by which a long-term memory becomes durable and stable is called:

A _______________ is a habitualway of behaving, thinking, and feeling.per

The three-stage model says that we register information in ___before it is ____into short-term

Words, events, places trigger our memory of the past are called?

Considering whether a penguin or a sparrow is more bird-like relates to:

Visual images remain in the sensory register for a maximum of:

Which of the following is NOT related to resilience in children?

Systematic desensitization is based on:

A major element of all psychodynamic therapies,from Freudian to present forms, is ____________.

Which trait among the Big Five typically decreases by age 30?

A relatively stable opinion, containing beliefs and emotional feelings about a topic, is called

_______________ refers to the capacity to retain and retrieve information.

The _______________ is a measure of the smallest amount of energy a person can detect.

Psychological theories:

All of the following factors promote the development of an insecure attachment EXCEPT:

_____ reflects a behavioral actof prejudice, a reluctance to get too close to another group

Statistical reasoning can help generalize correctly from a ____to a______

Psychology is the scientific study of ______________and ______________processes.

The simplest form of extinction is

Chunking refers to:

the biggest danger of relying on case-study evidence is:

The aspect of personality that is partly conscious, but mostly unconscious is the:

Which defense mechanism involves reversion to an earlier phase of psychological development?

the mean of a skewed distribution of scores is always:

an electric current through the brain during ECT will disrupt:

Which of the following is NOT one of three interacting memory systems?

When salivation occurs in response to a previously neutral stimulus, it is called a(n):

Sense receptors convert the energy of the stimulus to:

The difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution is:

Name the father of Gestalt:

Most Children become wary or fearful of strangers between the ages of:

Which of the following methods is helpful for showing cause-effect relationships

An experiment studying effects of anxiety on self-esteem...anxiety would be _____variable

The first psychology lab was established in ________ by ______________________

Clinical psychologists are most likely to be involved in;

Contemporary psychology is best defined as the science of:

the cognitive perspective in psychology emphasizes how:

Which techniques by professional therapists likely promote false memories?

After implantation in the uterine wall is complete, the ---- stage begins.

Which test of memory provides the fewest retrieval cues?

Conscious repetition of information in order to keep it in memory is:

Which of the following symptoms of schizophrenia would NOT be relieved by antipsychotic drugs?

The actual receptors for taste are called _______________.

What procedure would be used to teach pigeons to play ping pong?

A _______________ is a unit of meaning made up of concepts that expresses a unitary idea.

Which of the following is a prototype of the concept “fruit”?

Milgram concluded that obedience in his study was a function of:

The most effective reward must be:

A case study is a research method which:

Which of the following is a secondary reinforcer?

Which of the following is NOT a major component of emotion according to the text?

PET scans reveal_____is equally active regardless to correct or incorrect memory of word lists:

The founder of American behaviorism was:

In Pavlov’s studies of classical conditioning in dogs, the food dish was the _______________.

During the germinal stage, the fertilized egg is called a(n):

A person who mimics a happy facial expression will:

The hindsight bias refers to the tendency to:

Albert Bandura is well known for his study of_______________.

Reinforcing successive approximations of a desired behavior is a procedure called:

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of mania?

Who conducted research on conformity in which people were asked to judge the length of lines?

Chronic stress lasting _______________ or more boosts the risk of catching a cold.

When you recall the days of the week, you are relying on _______________ memory.

The_______________ model represents information as flowing from one system toanother.

Name the father of Psychoanalytic theory:

A(n) _______________ is framed in terms ofdesired outcomes or experiences.

Which memory system has a limited capacity and stores items for about 30 seconds?

The Stanford prison study demonstrates how a person’s _______________ affects behavior.

Name the father of structuralism:

A _______________ is a network of knowledge,associations, beliefs, and expectations.

The most common result of ------ during pregnancy is deafness.

What type of therapy is most effective for the treatment of depression?

Which discipline had the greatest influence on the way Wundt, Pavlov, Freud, and Piaget?

Object permanence develops during the_______________ stage.

Which of the following is NOT one of the three basic memory processes?

The immediate side effect of antipsychotic drugs is:

During the germinal stage, the fertilized egg is called a(n):

Children begin to name objects about the age of:

When one also responds to a stimulus that is similar to the CS, _____ is said to have occurred.

Sensory neurons ______messages to convey info using nerve impulses

Name the father of behaviorism:

The T-O-T phenomena can best be explained by the_______________ theory of forgetting.

Which of the following is a primary emotion?

Research on memories indicate past experiences are likely to be:

_______________ occurs when we act, speak,and make decisions out of habit.

The specialist most likely to have a medical degree is a(n):

In psychoanalysis,the psychic energy that fuels sexuality and life instincts is called:

Chunking is:

_______________ are defined as rules that regulate human life.