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Environmental Science
Environmental Science
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Final Exam Review
Flashcards
58 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
58
Answers
1
Which is the highest population density of grasshoppers?
35 grasshoppers/10 m2
40 grasshoppers/20 m2
1 grasshopper/1 m2
50 grasshoppers/30 m2
2
Which of the following is a principle of smart growth
protecting wildlife habitats
creating neighborhoods best suited for cars
focusing development outside of existing urban centers
building up, not out
3
Which biome would have the highest net primary production?
boreal forest
coral reefs
savanna
desert
4
What event in the mid-1700s significantly changed human population growth?
Industrial Revolution
human settlement began
development of agriculture
bubonic plague
5
Chemicals that cause cancer are called
carcinogens
teratogens
neurotoxins
hazardous
6
Matter that organisms require for their life processes are called
fertilizers
legumes
decomposers
nutrients
7
Which country does the graph on the left most likey represent?
China
India
Bangladesh
Germany
8
What term is used to describe birds that travel north to breed and travel south in the winter?
migration
immigration
population growth
emigration
9
Tigers living in a mountain are separated from other mountain regions in which they could live.
The mountains are an example of a(n) habitat fragment
The mountains are an example of a(n) invasive species
The mountains are an example of a(n) mass extinction
The mountains are an example of a(n) mass extinction
10
The CITES & the Convention on Biological Diversity are examples of
polls measuring American opinion about biodiversity
treaties to protect biodiversity
organizations that promote poaching
laws to increase the number of species
11
___life expectancy and ___infant mortality will produce the highest rate of population growth
high; low
high; high
low; low
low; high
12
Wolves are reintroduced into an area. The # of elk & other prey species within the park are:
a density dependent factor
an example of biotic potential
a density independent factor
a limiting factor
13
Which is an example of a nonrenewable resource
sunlight
natural gas
wind energy
geothermal energy
14
Sustainable cities can
not make significant progress toward sustainability
help improve the standard of living for residents
are only successful in the developed world
often help encourage sprawl
15
Which of the following is an example of quantative data?
The tulips smell nice
the tulips are prettier than the roses
the tulips are red
there are 3 tulips
16
Identify one food chain represented in this ecosystem
all the above
plants, pig frog, bobcat
alligator, moorhen, plants
plants, deer, bobcat
17
In which of the following countries would individuals have the largest ecological footprints?
Canada
India
Thailand
China
18
Members of this organization in NYC work for peace & help solve economic, & humanitarian issues
European Union
United Nations
Kyoto Protocol
World Trade Organization
19
What ocean zone begins at the edge of a continental shelf & extends outward into deeper water?
littoral
intertidal
open ocean
neritic
20
Day-to day conditions in Earth's atmosphere, such as "sunny and humid," describe
weather
biome
climatograph
climate
21
Viruses, bacteria & other organisms in the environment that harm human health are classified as
chemical hazards
physical hazards
social hazards
biological hazards
22
What happens during the transitional stage of the demographic transition?
Birth rates increase
Birthrates begin to fall
Death rates begin to fall
Death rates increase
23
About 65 mill. yrs ago, 95% of the planet's species were wiped out. The species that exist now
speciated because of separation from different populations
have potential to be as numerous as the old ones
were not wiped out then
evolved from surviving species to fill niches
24
"Energy star," "USDA Organic," & "Fair Trade Certified" are all examples of
ecolabeling
non-market values
market failure
ecosystems
25
Disease that has appeared for the 1st time or has existed, but is increasingly spreading is
called infectious
called environmental
called pandemic
called emerging
26
This shows population cycles of a wolf and moose population. What is happening in the graph?
Wolf populations can only increase when moose increase
none of the above
moose prey on wolves, which are controlled this way
wolves prey on moose but population is controlled by moose
27
Giraffes, lions, zebras, hyenas, and all the other living things of the Serengeti make up a(n)
population
biosphere
ecosystem
community
28
The lithosphere is carried on a softer, but still firm, layer of rock called the
core
geosphere
crust
asthenosphere
29
Humans are generally
herbivores
carnivores
detrivores
omnivores
30
Which statement about science is true? It...
assumes the world has rules that don't change unpredictably
attempts to explain the mysteries of the supernatural world
says boiling point of water may be different in the future
deals mostly with things in the synthetic or unnatural world
31
Most major laws in modern US environmental policy were enacted in the
1960s & 1970s
1980s & 1990s
years between 2000-2005
years between 2005-2010
32
What is one of the primary factors that draws people from rural areas to urban areas?
more open space
more jobs
heat islands
less pollution
33
Which strategy is used to estimate the # of individuals of different plant species in an area
indirect observation
direct observation
simply counting each one
sampling
34
The process of measuring the chance that an environmental hazard will cause harm is called
dose-response relationship
risk assessment
epidemiology
toxicology
35
Which is considered part of the environment?
forests
people
all of these
buildings
36
Basic units of matter-the smallest units that keep chemical properties of an element are called
atoms
compounds
lipids
molecules
37
Why is water often called "the universal solvent"?
water is a type of solution
it can dissolve many other molecules
it solves most of the world's environmental problems
water can turn into a solid form
38
Discuss the implications of a reduced population of Everglades crayfish due to disease outbreak
there wouldn't be any implications
effect grass shrimp and worms. They would lose a predator
direct effect on the raccoon, the pig frog, and the anhinga
direct effect on the alligator, deer, and decomposers
39
What do the arrows represent?
breaking down organisms
energy flow
primary producers
where the animals go
40
Which form of transportation uses the most energy per passenger-mile?
commuter rail
heavy rail
automobile
bus
41
Which diagram most closely represents the United States? Explain
B
C
A
42
Which population has the highest proportion of reproductive individuals?
B
A
C
43
To manage, protect, and reintroduce threatened and endangered species are the goals of
Species Survival Plans
wildlife corridors
biodiversity hotspots
conservation concessions
44
When energy is transferred between trophic levels, the amount of available energy lost is about
50%
10%
90%
25%
45
Which types of people usually have a higher sensitivity to environmental hazards than others?
infants
teenagers
adults
none; all have equal sensitivity
46
In aquatic ecosystems, net primary productivity is related to
the speed at which the water moves
whether the water is freshwater or salt water
waves and tides
available at sunlight and nutrients
47
A cost-benefit analysis is a(n)
study of factors that influence decisions of buyers& sellers
equilibrium between a product's supply and its demand
comparison between what's sacrificed & gained by an action
economy in which the government decides what is made
48
What products are created by the process of photosynthesis?
the sun's light and energy
oxygen and carbohydrates
phosphorus and nitrogen
carbon dioxide and water
49
A person holding a sign during a protest against cutting down trees in a forest is a(n)
ecological footprint
environmental scientist
environmentalist
peer reviewer
50
A landslide causes some mountainside to fall, leaving bare rock. The area will experience
secondary succession
climax community
tertiary succession
primary succession
51
Which diagram represents a population that is likely to grow rapidly in the future? Why?
B
C
A
52
Infectious disease are caused by an organism such as a virus or bacterium, which is called a
pandemic
toxicant
pathogen
carcinogen
53
Change in state where water returns to Earth's surface & changes from a vapor to liquid is
condensation
evaporation
transpiration
recharge
54
Which of the following describes the aphotic zone in an aquatic ecosystem?
the shallow, near-shore zone
the very bottom of a bodyof water
uppermost layer-there's enough sunlight for photosynthesis
no sunlight penetrates & photosynthesis can't occur
55
These graphs are called
age structure diagrams
demographic diagrams
life expectancy diagrams
infant mortality diagrams
56
The most respected results in science have passed through rigorous evaluation process involving
peer-reviewed journals
web journals
weekly newspapers
news magazines
57
Which organism probably exists in large numbers in this ecosystem? Why?
decomposers
alligator
deer
primary producers
58
Which zone of an aquatic ecosystem tends to have more life--both producers and consumers?
aphotic zone
photic zone
benthic zone
all have roughly the same amount of life
