Chapter 19 Key Terms

What is the fraction of population variation that can be attributed to its genetic variance?

What is the change in allele frequencies in a population over generations?

What is the environmental factor that causes one phenotype to be better than another?

What is the theory of sexual selection that argues only the fittest individuals can afford costly traits?

What is the gradual geographic variation across an ecological gradient

What is the flow of alleles in and out of a population due to the individual or gamete migration?

What is it called when a event kills a large number of individuals and only a small subset of population is left?

What is an individual’s ability to survive and reproduce?

What is rate at which a specific allele appears within a population?

diversifying selection is the selection that favors two or more distinct phenotypes

Inbreeding is mating of distinct individuals

What is the trait that gives a truthful impression of an individual’s fitness?

What are changes in a population’s gene pool due to mate choice that cause individuals to mate with certain phenotypes?

genetic structure is the distribution of the different possible phenotypes in a population

What is the type of selection that favors individuals at one extreme end of the phenotypic range

What is the increase in frequency of beneficial alleles and decrease in deleterious alleles due to selection?

Gene pool is some of the alleles that the individuals in a population carry

What is it called when a small number of individuals colonize a new location and initiates an allele frequency change?

what is the diversity of alleles and genotypes in a population?

What is the overarching evolutionary paradigm that took shape by the 1940s and scientists generally accept today?

what is the theory of sexual selection that argues individuals develop impressive ornaments?

What is the selection that favors phenotypes that are either common or rare?

What is the increase in abnormalities and disease in inbreeding populations?

What is the broader scale evolutionary changes that scientists see over paleontological time?

What is the phenotypic difference between a population's males and females called?

genetic drift is the effect of chance on a population’s gene pool

What is the differences in the phenotypic variation between populations that are separated geographically?

What is it called when individuals tend to mate with those who are phenotypically similar to themselves?

stabilizing selection is a selection that favors average phenotypes

What is the study of how selective forces change the allele frequencies in a population over time?

Population variation is the distribution of genotypes in a population

What is a individual’s ability to survive and reproduce relative to the rest of the population?