Which abiotic factors determine the aquatic biomes?

Salinity, Pressure, Water depth and temperature, Oxygen content

What is the mark-recapture formula?

(total 1st * total 2nd) / marked 2nd

What do we study at the level of Organism?

Survival and Reproduction, Behavior

How does resource partitioning enable coexistence?

organisms compete for different resources to limit competition

Why are food webs pyramid-shaped?/ Why are there fewer higher-level consumers?

There is less energy available at higher trophic levels

What is the correct order of cell names from the North Pole to the Equator?

Polar>Ferrel/Mid-Latitude>Hadley

Know the equations for the different efficiencies.

Assimilation E. : assimilated energy/consumed energy *100, Consumption E. : consumption/NPP *100, Trophic E. : production @ level/NPP previous level *100, Production E. : production @ level/assimilated energy *100

What are the aspects of the evolutionary arms race?

Prey evolve better defenses, Predators evolve better offenses

Why does solar energy input vary with latitude?

Earth's Atmosphere, Earth's tilt

What is the per capita model of population growth?

change in N/change in time = (Birth rate - Death rate)N, change in N/change in time = rN

What is NOT a reason fragmentation causes a loss in biodiversity?

Organisms easily find mates within patches

What impacts have humans had on the environment

Climate Change, Conservation Ecology, Pollution, Restorative Ecology

Polar Cells, Ferrel Cells, Hadley Cells

What is an example of amensalism?

Bread mold produces penicillin, killing other molds

studbud

BSC2011 - Exam 3 - Ecology - Part I

100 termsStudBud Administration16 plays

Make sure to randomize the answers and questions for a true exam feeling. Many answers are the first or last because of how this was made. Part II: https://create.quiz.it/share/bsc2011-exam-3-ecology-part-ii/d3ede40f-b5d2-427a-b948-c22dcf236105

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
What species is a type III species? (few individuals alive for most of their max life expectancy)
Birds
Humans
Trees
2
The _____ zone is by the shore and the _____ zone is over the open ocean
lemnetic; lemnetic
lemnetic; litoral
littoral; lemnetic
littoral; littoral
3
What is NOT an example of a fixed action pattern?
Spider web-spinning
Begging sea gull chicks
Dribbling a basketball
Sea turtle nesting
4
What model describes population growth in a normal environment?
BD Model
Logistic Growth Model
Per Capita Population Growth Model
Exponential Growth Model
5
Which trait does NOT define a population?
Same area
Same species
Interbreeding
Resources
6
What species is a type I species? (many individuals alive for most of their max life expectancy)
Humans
Trees
Bird
7
How does behavior develop?
Environment
Genes
8
What is the percentage for Lindeman's trophic efficiency? (proportion of prod. from one level to next)
50%
1%
10%
20%
9
Which abiotic factors determine the aquatic biomes?
Salinity
Pressure
Water depth and temperature
Oxygen content
10
What is the mark-recapture formula?
(total 1st / total 2nd) * marked 2nd
(marked 2nd / total 2nd) * total 1st
(marked 2nd * total 2nd) / total 1st
(total 1st * total 2nd) / marked 2nd
11
What is the level where population growth levels off called?
Max size level
The final level
Carrying capacity
It's not this one. Please don't pick it. I beg of you do not. It's not here
12
What do we study at the level of Organism?
Survival and Reproduction
Behavior
Pop. Dynamics
Demography (Size, Age Distribution, Growth)
13
Organisms at higher trophic levels have _____ trophic efficiencies compared to those at lower trophic levels.
no
higher
equal
lower
14
What additional factors does the BIDE model account for over the BD model
internalized fears and doubts
externalized sadness
immigration
emigration
15
Interspecific competition is between organisms of _____ species
different
the same
16
Who conceived the theory of evolution THROUGH NATURAL SELECTION?
Charles Darwin
Rachel Carson
Alfred Russel Wallace
Carl Linnaeus
17
How does resource partitioning enable coexistence?
organisms compete for different resources to limit competition
organisms compete for the same resource to promote competition
18
What is the doubling time equation?
T = ln(2)/r (r is a decimal)
T = ln(72)/r (r is a whole number)
T = ln(72)/r (r is a decimal)
T = ln(2)/r (r is a whole number)
19
Intraspecific competition is between organisms of _____ species
different
the same
20
Why are food webs pyramid-shaped?/ Why are there fewer higher-level consumers?
There is less energy available at higher trophic levels
There is more energy available at higher trophic levels
21
Climate is
Over a long time
Day-to-day
22
Which is NOT a dispersion pattern?
Clumped
Linear
Even
Random
23
What is the correct order of cell names from the North Pole to the Equator?
Hadley>Polar>Ferrel/Mid-Latitude
Polar>Ferrel/Mid-Latitude>Hadley
Hadley>Ferrel/Mid-Latitude>Polar
Polar>Hadley>Ferrel/Mid-Latitude
24
What question does NOT help define community structure?
Which species?
How many species?
How abundant is each species?
Where is each species?
25
What is the BD Model
Dirth-Beath
Bank-Dank
Bunk-Dunk
Birth-Death
26
Which organism group has an inverse latitudinal species richness gradient?
fish
mammals
birds
27
What main type of reproduction involves a single, short burst of reproduction?
Semelparous species
Iteroparous species
28
Know the equations for the different efficiencies.
Assimilation E. : assimilated energy/consumed energy *100
Consumption E. : consumption/NPP *100
Trophic E. : production @ level/NPP previous level *100
Production E. : production @ level/assimilated energy *100
29
What are the aspects of the evolutionary arms race?
Predators evolve worse offenses
Prey evolve better defenses
Prey evolve worse defenses
Predators evolve better offenses
30
What species is a type II species? (some individuals alive for most of their max life expectancy)
Birds
Trees
Humans
31
A volcano erupts on an island. What kind of changes will happen to the newly-forming community?
Climate change
Succession
Colonization
Extinction
32
K-strategists have _____ offspring and _____ parent involvement
many; lots
few; little
few; lots
many; little
33
Why does solar energy input vary with latitude?
Presence of ice
Presence of ocean
Earth's Atmosphere
Earth's tilt
34
Wind is named based on
The direction it comes from
The direction it is blowing to
35
Where is energy ALWAYS placed into in the principle of allocation?
Maintenance
Defense
Growth
Reproduction
36
Metapopulations are separated from a main population by
space
illusion
reality
time
37
A volcano erupts on an island. What kind of process that shapes communities is this?
Climate change
Colonization
Extinction
Disturbance
38
Which organism has top-down control on a population?
phytoplankton
orcas
39
What does the logistic growth model NOT assume?
K is always changing
All individuals contribute equally
Environment is constant
No immigration or emigration
40
What is the per capita model of population growth?
change in N/change in time = (Birth rate - Death rate)N
change in N/change in time = rN
change in N/change in time = (Death rate - Birth rate)N
change in N/change in time = r (B-D)
41
What might an autotroph "eat"?
Sunlight
Meat
Plants
Chemicals
42
What is NOT a reason fragmentation causes a loss in biodiversity?
Size of habitat patches decreases
Patches become more isolated
Total amount of habitat decreases
Organisms easily find mates within patches
43
What is an example of commensalism?
Lion preying on zebra
Bread mold produces penicillin, killing other molds
Remora fish attached to whales
The wolves at Yellowstone
44
What has higher production efficiencies: endotherms or ectotherms?
endotherms
ectotherms
45
R-strategists have _____ offspring and _____ parent involvement
few; little
few; lots
many; lots
many; little
46
What main type of reproduction involves cycles of reproduction?
Semelparous species
Iteroparous species
47
What impacts have humans had on the environment
Climate Change
Conservation Ecology
Pollution
Restorative Ecology
48
Easterlies are in
Polar Cells
Ferrel Cells
Hadley Cells
49
What is an example of amensalism?
The wolves at Yellowstone
Remora fish attached to whales
Lion preying on zebra
Bread mold produces penicillin, killing other molds
50
What aspect does NOT make up community ecology?
Distribution of species
Behavior of species
Abundance of species
Interactions of species
51
What is an abiotic factor?
Competition
Natural Disaster
Parasites/disease
Predation
52
Why do we have seasons?
Earth's Tilt
Solar Output
Earth's Movement
Cultural Celebrations
53
Which of the following is one Tinbergen's four questions?
What is the mechanistic basis of the behavior? (chemical, anatomical, phy
What is the evolutionary history of the behavior?
How do development and genes of the animal influence the behavior?
How does the behavior contribute to survival and reproduction?
54
How did Australia solve their problem of cow poop and NPP?
worms
kangaroos
dung beetles
flies
55
What is the doubling time for a population with a growth rate of 1%?
6 years
72 months
6 months
72 years
56
What might a heterotroph "eat"?
Plants
Sunlight
Chemicals
Meat
57
What is ecology?
The study of organisms and their interactions with the environment
The study of the environment
The study of ecosystems
58
The side of a mountain close to a body of water is called
windward
leeward
59
What are the two components of species diversity?
Species location and evenness
Species richness and evenness
Species location and ecosystem
Species richness and ecosystem
60
Which factor does NOT drive global climate?
Atmospheric and ocean circulation
Sunlight
Movement of the planet
The Earth's mantle
61
What populations are prioritized?
Large
Small
Mainland
Islands
62
Where is species richness greatest?
Desert
Temperate Forests
Equator
Poles
63
What model describes population growth in an ideal environment?
Per Capita Population Growth Model
Exponential Growth Model
Logistic Growth Model
BD Model
64
What is flux?
Flow rate of energy into and out of a community
Flow rate of energy out of a community
Flow rate of energy into a community
65
Behavior has a _____ basis?
Neural
Physiological
Physical
66
When two species use the same resource the same way, one species will out-compete the other in
competitive inclusion
niche
competitive exclusion
Robie bullying me
67
Know this Diagram. (Say True)
True
False
68
4 Gainesville back yards are sampled to compare amphibian diversity. Which is the most diverse?
100 leopard frogs, 25 tree frogs, 5 eastern toads, 1 southern toad
200 leopard frogs, 100 tree frogs, 0 eastern toads, 0 southern toad
0 leopard frogs, 19 tree frogs, 10 eastern toads, 10 southern toad
10 leopard frogs, 9 tree frogs, 9 eastern toads, 10 southern toad
69
What is an example of a trophic cascade?
Lion preying on zebra
Bread mold produces penicillin, killing other molds
Remora fish attached to whales
The wolves at Yellowstone
70
What is the BD Model Formula?
change in N/change in time = Birth rate - Death rate
change in N = (Birth rate - Death rate) * change in time
change in N = (Death rate - Birth rate) * change in time
change in N/change in time = Death rate - Birth rate
71
What is a fixed action pattern?
Action a species is taught
Action a species is "programmed" to do
Action a species develops due to repetition over time
72
When does coexistence occur?
intraspecific competition > interspecific competition
interspecific competition > intraspecific competition
73
Biotic factors operate in a _____ manner.
Density-dependent
Density-independent
74
Know the 4 hypotheses for why latitudinal species gradient exists.
Species-energy: more sun and water = more NPP = more species
Geographic area: more land area at equator = more area for species
Evolutionary rate: higher temps. = more mutations, generations of species
History: recent glaciation @ poles = less time for speciation
75
What causes the conditions at 30 degrees North and South?
Mountains
Coriolis Effect
Ocean Circulation
Hadley Cells
76
What is behavioral imprinting?
Learning that occurs during a critical period
Learning that can adapt and change
Learning that is inflexible and cannot be unlearned
Learning that occurs during any period
77
In intraspecific competition, r
increases as it approaches K
decreases as it approaches K
78
What is the correct order of scales of ecological organization?
Biosphere>Ecosystem>Community>Population>Organism
Organism>Population>Community>Biosphere>Ecosystem
Organism>Population>Community>Ecosystem>Biosphere
Organism>Community>Population>Ecosystem>Biosphere
79
Which organism has bottom-up control of a population?
phyotplankton
orcas
80
Weather is
Over an long time
Day-to-day
81
If two competitors coexist in the same space, they will be at _____ population densities compared to if they were alone.
higher
the same
lower
82
What is fecundity?
Frequency/duration of reproduction
Life expectancy
Total number of offspring produced
Age at first reproduction
83
Why is the gut microbiome important?
Decomposes waste into nutrients
Breaks down food into nutrients
Aids in digestion
84
Negative density dependence results in
a decrease in population
a negative r
an increase in population
a positive r
85
Westerlies are in
Hadley Cells
Ferrel Cells
Polar Cells
86
Which of the following is a biotic factor?
Dirt
Water
Rock
Tree
87
What is not a part of population ecology?
Deaths
Dynamic forces (im/emigration, competition, predation, etc.)
Births
Toes
88
Which of Tinbergen's four questions are proximate questions?
Function question
Development/genetics question
Phylogeny question
Mechanism question
89
Which of the following is an abiotic factor?
Rock
Bush
Lion
Tree
90
What must we leave out of our observations?
Descriptions
Data
Assumptions
Behaviors
91
Which of Tinbergen's four questions are ultimate questions?
Development/genetics question
Phylogeny question
Function question
Mechanism question
92
Oceans spin _____ in the northern hemisphere and _____ in the southern hemisphere.
counterclockwise; counterclockwise
counterclockwise; clockwise
clockwise; clockwise
clockwise; counterclockwise
93
What factors may NOT define a dispersion pattern?
Competition
Presence of nutrients
Presence of ketamine
Wind dispersion
94
The side of a mountain away from a body of water is
leeward
windward
95
What is biological determinism?
All behavior is learned
All behavior is hard wired
96
What kind of region is at 30 degrees North and South?
Temperate
Tropical
Desert
Tundra
97
What factors define the survivorship curve?
Number of individuals surviving
Pussy power
Swordweilding abilities
Percent of individuals reaching max life expectancy
98
How do we describe a population?
Organism size
Spatial (density, dispersion)
Temporal
Organism behavior
99
A realized niche incorporates _____ into a species' location which a fundamental niche does not.
abiotic interactions
biotic interactions
only the species
100
What helps subpopulations to persist?
Isolation
Broken corridor
Connection to mainland

BSC2011 - Exam 3 - Ecology - Part I Flashcards | StudBud

BSC2011 - Exam 3 - Ecology - Part I

100 termsStudBud Administration16 plays

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
What species is a type III species? (few individuals alive for most of their max life expectancy)
Birds
Humans
Trees
2
The _____ zone is by the shore and the _____ zone is over the open ocean
lemnetic; lemnetic
lemnetic; litoral
littoral; lemnetic
littoral; littoral
3
What is NOT an example of a fixed action pattern?
Spider web-spinning
Begging sea gull chicks
Dribbling a basketball
Sea turtle nesting
4
What model describes population growth in a normal environment?
BD Model
Logistic Growth Model
Per Capita Population Growth Model
Exponential Growth Model
5
Which trait does NOT define a population?
Same area
Same species
Interbreeding
Resources
6
What species is a type I species? (many individuals alive for most of their max life expectancy)
Humans
Trees
Bird
7
How does behavior develop?
Environment
Genes
8
What is the percentage for Lindeman's trophic efficiency? (proportion of prod. from one level to next)
50%
1%
10%
20%
9
Which abiotic factors determine the aquatic biomes?
Salinity
Pressure
Water depth and temperature
Oxygen content
10
What is the mark-recapture formula?
(total 1st / total 2nd) * marked 2nd
(marked 2nd / total 2nd) * total 1st
(marked 2nd * total 2nd) / total 1st
(total 1st * total 2nd) / marked 2nd
11
What is the level where population growth levels off called?
Max size level
The final level
Carrying capacity
It's not this one. Please don't pick it. I beg of you do not. It's not here
12
What do we study at the level of Organism?
Survival and Reproduction
Behavior
Pop. Dynamics
Demography (Size, Age Distribution, Growth)
13
Organisms at higher trophic levels have _____ trophic efficiencies compared to those at lower trophic levels.
no
higher
equal
lower
14
What additional factors does the BIDE model account for over the BD model
internalized fears and doubts
externalized sadness
immigration
emigration
15
Interspecific competition is between organisms of _____ species
different
the same
16
Who conceived the theory of evolution THROUGH NATURAL SELECTION?
Charles Darwin
Rachel Carson
Alfred Russel Wallace
Carl Linnaeus
17
How does resource partitioning enable coexistence?
organisms compete for different resources to limit competition
organisms compete for the same resource to promote competition
18
What is the doubling time equation?
T = ln(2)/r (r is a decimal)
T = ln(72)/r (r is a whole number)
T = ln(72)/r (r is a decimal)
T = ln(2)/r (r is a whole number)
19
Intraspecific competition is between organisms of _____ species
different
the same
20
Why are food webs pyramid-shaped?/ Why are there fewer higher-level consumers?
There is less energy available at higher trophic levels
There is more energy available at higher trophic levels
21
Climate is
Over a long time
Day-to-day
22
Which is NOT a dispersion pattern?
Clumped
Linear
Even
Random
23
What is the correct order of cell names from the North Pole to the Equator?
Hadley>Polar>Ferrel/Mid-Latitude
Polar>Ferrel/Mid-Latitude>Hadley
Hadley>Ferrel/Mid-Latitude>Polar
Polar>Hadley>Ferrel/Mid-Latitude
24
What question does NOT help define community structure?
Which species?
How many species?
How abundant is each species?
Where is each species?
25
What is the BD Model
Dirth-Beath
Bank-Dank
Bunk-Dunk
Birth-Death
26
Which organism group has an inverse latitudinal species richness gradient?
fish
mammals
birds
27
What main type of reproduction involves a single, short burst of reproduction?
Semelparous species
Iteroparous species
28
Know the equations for the different efficiencies.
Assimilation E. : assimilated energy/consumed energy *100
Consumption E. : consumption/NPP *100
Trophic E. : production @ level/NPP previous level *100
Production E. : production @ level/assimilated energy *100
29
What are the aspects of the evolutionary arms race?
Predators evolve worse offenses
Prey evolve better defenses
Prey evolve worse defenses
Predators evolve better offenses
30
What species is a type II species? (some individuals alive for most of their max life expectancy)
Birds
Trees
Humans
31
A volcano erupts on an island. What kind of changes will happen to the newly-forming community?
Climate change
Succession
Colonization
Extinction
32
K-strategists have _____ offspring and _____ parent involvement
many; lots
few; little
few; lots
many; little
33
Why does solar energy input vary with latitude?
Presence of ice
Presence of ocean
Earth's Atmosphere
Earth's tilt
34
Wind is named based on
The direction it comes from
The direction it is blowing to
35
Where is energy ALWAYS placed into in the principle of allocation?
Maintenance
Defense
Growth
Reproduction
36
Metapopulations are separated from a main population by
space
illusion
reality
time
37
A volcano erupts on an island. What kind of process that shapes communities is this?
Climate change
Colonization
Extinction
Disturbance
38
Which organism has top-down control on a population?
phytoplankton
orcas
39
What does the logistic growth model NOT assume?
K is always changing
All individuals contribute equally
Environment is constant
No immigration or emigration
40
What is the per capita model of population growth?
change in N/change in time = (Birth rate - Death rate)N
change in N/change in time = rN
change in N/change in time = (Death rate - Birth rate)N
change in N/change in time = r (B-D)
41
What might an autotroph "eat"?
Sunlight
Meat
Plants
Chemicals
42
What is NOT a reason fragmentation causes a loss in biodiversity?
Size of habitat patches decreases
Patches become more isolated
Total amount of habitat decreases
Organisms easily find mates within patches
43
What is an example of commensalism?
Lion preying on zebra
Bread mold produces penicillin, killing other molds
Remora fish attached to whales
The wolves at Yellowstone
44
What has higher production efficiencies: endotherms or ectotherms?
endotherms
ectotherms
45
R-strategists have _____ offspring and _____ parent involvement
few; little
few; lots
many; lots
many; little
46
What main type of reproduction involves cycles of reproduction?
Semelparous species
Iteroparous species
47
What impacts have humans had on the environment
Climate Change
Conservation Ecology
Pollution
Restorative Ecology
48
Easterlies are in
Polar Cells
Ferrel Cells
Hadley Cells
49
What is an example of amensalism?
The wolves at Yellowstone
Remora fish attached to whales
Lion preying on zebra
Bread mold produces penicillin, killing other molds
50
What aspect does NOT make up community ecology?
Distribution of species
Behavior of species
Abundance of species
Interactions of species
51
What is an abiotic factor?
Competition
Natural Disaster
Parasites/disease
Predation
52
Why do we have seasons?
Earth's Tilt
Solar Output
Earth's Movement
Cultural Celebrations
53
Which of the following is one Tinbergen's four questions?
What is the mechanistic basis of the behavior? (chemical, anatomical, phy
What is the evolutionary history of the behavior?
How do development and genes of the animal influence the behavior?
How does the behavior contribute to survival and reproduction?
54
How did Australia solve their problem of cow poop and NPP?
worms
kangaroos
dung beetles
flies
55
What is the doubling time for a population with a growth rate of 1%?
6 years
72 months
6 months
72 years
56
What might a heterotroph "eat"?
Plants
Sunlight
Chemicals
Meat
57
What is ecology?
The study of organisms and their interactions with the environment
The study of the environment
The study of ecosystems
58
The side of a mountain close to a body of water is called
windward
leeward
59
What are the two components of species diversity?
Species location and evenness
Species richness and evenness
Species location and ecosystem
Species richness and ecosystem
60
Which factor does NOT drive global climate?
Atmospheric and ocean circulation
Sunlight
Movement of the planet
The Earth's mantle
61
What populations are prioritized?
Large
Small
Mainland
Islands
62
Where is species richness greatest?
Desert
Temperate Forests
Equator
Poles
63
What model describes population growth in an ideal environment?
Per Capita Population Growth Model
Exponential Growth Model
Logistic Growth Model
BD Model
64
What is flux?
Flow rate of energy into and out of a community
Flow rate of energy out of a community
Flow rate of energy into a community
65
Behavior has a _____ basis?
Neural
Physiological
Physical
66
When two species use the same resource the same way, one species will out-compete the other in
competitive inclusion
niche
competitive exclusion
Robie bullying me
67
Know this Diagram. (Say True)
True
False
68
4 Gainesville back yards are sampled to compare amphibian diversity. Which is the most diverse?
100 leopard frogs, 25 tree frogs, 5 eastern toads, 1 southern toad
200 leopard frogs, 100 tree frogs, 0 eastern toads, 0 southern toad
0 leopard frogs, 19 tree frogs, 10 eastern toads, 10 southern toad
10 leopard frogs, 9 tree frogs, 9 eastern toads, 10 southern toad
69
What is an example of a trophic cascade?
Lion preying on zebra
Bread mold produces penicillin, killing other molds
Remora fish attached to whales
The wolves at Yellowstone
70
What is the BD Model Formula?
change in N/change in time = Birth rate - Death rate
change in N = (Birth rate - Death rate) * change in time
change in N = (Death rate - Birth rate) * change in time
change in N/change in time = Death rate - Birth rate
71
What is a fixed action pattern?
Action a species is taught
Action a species is "programmed" to do
Action a species develops due to repetition over time
72
When does coexistence occur?
intraspecific competition > interspecific competition
interspecific competition > intraspecific competition
73
Biotic factors operate in a _____ manner.
Density-dependent
Density-independent
74
Know the 4 hypotheses for why latitudinal species gradient exists.
Species-energy: more sun and water = more NPP = more species
Geographic area: more land area at equator = more area for species
Evolutionary rate: higher temps. = more mutations, generations of species
History: recent glaciation @ poles = less time for speciation
75
What causes the conditions at 30 degrees North and South?
Mountains
Coriolis Effect
Ocean Circulation
Hadley Cells
76
What is behavioral imprinting?
Learning that occurs during a critical period
Learning that can adapt and change
Learning that is inflexible and cannot be unlearned
Learning that occurs during any period
77
In intraspecific competition, r
increases as it approaches K
decreases as it approaches K
78
What is the correct order of scales of ecological organization?
Biosphere>Ecosystem>Community>Population>Organism
Organism>Population>Community>Biosphere>Ecosystem
Organism>Population>Community>Ecosystem>Biosphere
Organism>Community>Population>Ecosystem>Biosphere
79
Which organism has bottom-up control of a population?
phyotplankton
orcas
80
Weather is
Over an long time
Day-to-day
81
If two competitors coexist in the same space, they will be at _____ population densities compared to if they were alone.
higher
the same
lower
82
What is fecundity?
Frequency/duration of reproduction
Life expectancy
Total number of offspring produced
Age at first reproduction
83
Why is the gut microbiome important?
Decomposes waste into nutrients
Breaks down food into nutrients
Aids in digestion
84
Negative density dependence results in
a decrease in population
a negative r
an increase in population
a positive r
85
Westerlies are in
Hadley Cells
Ferrel Cells
Polar Cells
86
Which of the following is a biotic factor?
Dirt
Water
Rock
Tree
87
What is not a part of population ecology?
Deaths
Dynamic forces (im/emigration, competition, predation, etc.)
Births
Toes
88
Which of Tinbergen's four questions are proximate questions?
Function question
Development/genetics question
Phylogeny question
Mechanism question
89
Which of the following is an abiotic factor?
Rock
Bush
Lion
Tree
90
What must we leave out of our observations?
Descriptions
Data
Assumptions
Behaviors
91
Which of Tinbergen's four questions are ultimate questions?
Development/genetics question
Phylogeny question
Function question
Mechanism question
92
Oceans spin _____ in the northern hemisphere and _____ in the southern hemisphere.
counterclockwise; counterclockwise
counterclockwise; clockwise
clockwise; clockwise
clockwise; counterclockwise
93
What factors may NOT define a dispersion pattern?
Competition
Presence of nutrients
Presence of ketamine
Wind dispersion
94
The side of a mountain away from a body of water is
leeward
windward
95
What is biological determinism?
All behavior is learned
All behavior is hard wired
96
What kind of region is at 30 degrees North and South?
Temperate
Tropical
Desert
Tundra
97
What factors define the survivorship curve?
Number of individuals surviving
Pussy power
Swordweilding abilities
Percent of individuals reaching max life expectancy
98
How do we describe a population?
Organism size
Spatial (density, dispersion)
Temporal
Organism behavior
99
A realized niche incorporates _____ into a species' location which a fundamental niche does not.
abiotic interactions
biotic interactions
only the species
100
What helps subpopulations to persist?
Isolation
Broken corridor
Connection to mainland