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Issues and Debates
Issues and Debates
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1
A belief in the superirority of one's own cultural group is known as ...
Egocentrism
Estrocentrism
Ethnocentrism
Androcentrism
2
Which definition best describes cultural relativism?
Believing that some behaviours are the same for all cultures
Understanding that whole cultures have the same experience
Considering all aspects of experience, including culture
Appreciating that behaviour varies between cultures
3
Which of the following terms best represents the view that biology and environment work together to determine behaviour?
Determinism
Interactionism
Holism
Reductionism
4
Which of the following is the best example of the idiographic approach?
Freud's study of Little Hans
Behaviourist laws of learning
IQ Testing
Miller's law of short-term memory
5
Which of the following is not a form of determinism?
Biological
Psychic
Humanistic
Environmental
6
Reductionism is based on the scientific principle of ...
Theocracy
Hegemony
Philanthropy
Parsimony
7
Which of the following would be most closely associated with a nativist approach in the nature-nurture debate?
The biological approach
The cognitive approach
The social learning approach
The behaviourist approach
8
Idiographic is derived from the Greek 'idos' which means ...
Public and plausible
General and global
Separate and specific
Private and personal
9
Which of the following best describes an idiographic approach in psychology?
Studying individuals in order to establish general laws of behaviour
Studying large samples in order to establish general laws of behaviour
Studying individuals without intending to establish laws of behaviour
Studying large samples without intending to establish laws of behaviour
10
Which of the following would be most closely associated with the nomothetic approach?
Experiments
Qualitative data
Unstructured interviews
Case studies
11
Stimulus-response learning is a good example of ...
Holism
Environmental reductionism
Psychic reductionism
Biological reductionism
12
Theories suggesting real and enduring differences between men and women may be displaying ...
Beta Bias
Reflexivity
Alpha Bias
Universiality
13
Which of the following best describes a reductionist approach in psychology?
Explaining behaviour in a simple way in terms of basic units.
Explaining behaviour in several different ways at the same time.
Explaining behaviour in one way and ignoring all other explanations.
Explaining behaviour in a complicated way in terms of complex mechanisms.
14
Which of the following refers to ignoring or minimising differences between sexes?
delta bias
alpha bias
theta bias
beta bias
15
Which form of determinism underpins the cognitive approach?
External determinism
Hard determinism
Soft determinism
Internal determinism
16
Which of the following statements describe a strongly deterministic view?
People’s behaviour always has a cause
People behave in a random fashion
People exercise full choice over how they behave
People are always responsible for their own actions
17
According to the hierarchy of science, which of these is the most reductionist?
Biology
Psychology
Physics
Chemistry
