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Duplicate of Earth Systems, Structure, and Processes
Duplicate of Earth Systems, Structure, and Processes
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NCES.8.E.1 Earth Systems, Structure, and Processes (Hydrosphere)
Flashcards
30 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
30
Answers
1
What is the
best
comparison of density currents and upwelling in the ocean?
Density currents are caused by wind; upwelling by El Nino.
Density currents are caused by temp.; upwelling by wind.
Density currents are caused by El Nino; upwelling by wind.
2
If digging a new well, which location would be
best
?
Q
T
S
R
3
Which organism uses nitrates from its fresh water habitat as a primary food source?
fish
algae
birds
4
Kelp forests depend on cold water. Which would yield the
most
stable ecosystem for them?
underwater volcanoes
upwelling
hurricane activity
5
Why do plant plankton not grow in the deep ocean?
because there are not enough dissolved gases to support it
because too many animals eat it before it can grow
because sunlight does not reach the deep ocean
6
Which
most likely
would cause diseases to be spread by polluted water?
an oil spill from a ship carrying oil as cargo
runoff that contains fertilizers and pesticides
dumping human waste in rivers and streams
7
Which
best
describes the relationship between temperature and dissolved oxygen in a lake?
A change in temperature has no effect on dissolved oxygen.
As temperature increases, dissolved oxygen increases.
As temperature decreases, dissolved oxygen decreases.
As temperature increases, dissolved oxygen decreases.
8
How can humans
most directly
influence what happens in a river basin in a positive way?
by developing a task force for creating estuaries
by draining swamps, wetlands, marshes, and bogs
by promoting public awareness through education
by protecting soil, water, air, plants, and animals
9
If a pond is located in an area with high air pollution, which would be
most
directly affected?
turbidity
pH
nitrates
dissolved oxygen
10
What is the
best
description for winds pushing water away from shore along the coastline?
density currents
downwelling
upwelling
11
Which is an economic trade-off a community might make to maintain accepatable water quality?
enforcing regulations to prevent point-source pollution
providing tax incentives for industrial development
developing programs to educate farmers about pesticides
organizing meetings to prevent zoning restrictions
12
Which factor
most
affects how water drains into local watersheds?
evaporation
precipitation
differences in elevation
13
A home is downhill from a gas station with a leaking tank. How could its water be contaminated?
The family collects water in rain barrels left in the open.
Water is pumped to the home from a distant reservoir.
Groundwater is drawn up in buckets from a private well.
The family buys bottled spring water.
14
Where is the majority of Earth's freshwater located?
ice
oceans
groundwater
lakes
15
Which is true about
approximately
80% of Earth's water supply?
It is moving.
It is not moving.
It exists as salt water.
16
Why are large numbers of ocean animals found in areas where upwelling occurs?
Nutrients are increased by the movement of water.
Oxygen is increased by the movement of water.
Nutrients are decreased by the movement of water.
Oxygen is decreased by the movement of water.
17
What does pH measure?
dissolved oxygen
acidity / alkalinity
nutrient level
turbidity
18
Which environmental factors would
most likely
impact the quality of a freshwater system?
dissolved oxygen and pH
surface tension and aquatic organisms
salinity and temperature
19
Which are two factors that affect water quality?
texture and color
density and toxicity
odor and acidity
20
How does upwelling in the ocean affect algae populations in the area?
Algae grows slowly and forces marine life out to sea.
Algae becomes depleted as a result of colder temperatures.
The nutrients supplied cause algae to become abundant.
The current produced forces algae to relocate.
21
Runoff from the excessive use of nitrogen-based fertilizers affect aquatic ecosystems by
interfering with the water cycle.
increasing the rate of algae growth.
decreasing the predator population.
causing aquatic animals to grow larger.
22
Which
best
explains why marine ecosystems are important to terrestrial organisms?
They provide protection to coastlines and prevent erosion.
They support species that serve as animal food and fertilzer
They provide humans with a rich source of food and income.
They host species that make the base of the marine food web
23
Which is the
best
reason for understanding local watersheds?
to help identify point source pollution
to decide where to place recreational parks
to help identify non-point source pollution
24
Which technology has allowed scientists to accurately map the ocean floor?
satellites
submersibles
sonar
scuba
25
The pie chart shows the distribution of freshwater resources on Earth. Which is greatest?
frozen water
surface water
groundwater
atmospheric water
26
Where is the majority of Earth's freshwater found?
polar ice caps
lakes
ponds
rivers
27
Which activity should be reported as illegal discharge into a storm drain?
a volunteer stenciling "Don't Dump" above a storm drain
stormwater flowing into a storm drain after a heavy rain
a strong gust of wind blowing leaves into a storm drain
someone dumping used motor oil into a storm drain
28
Which
best
explains the poor productivity of the open ocean?
Large fish consume most of the phytoplankton.
The temperature is too high for photosynthesis.
Phytoplankton is found at depth's where there is no light.
Less photosynthesis because light doesn't penetrate deeply.
29
Which
best
describes a significant benefit estuaries have on the environment?
Wildlife helps protect the land from erosion in estuaries.
Estuaries have ideal conditions for animal habitats.
Fishing industries thrive in and around tropical estuaries.
Pollution is moved from rivers to oceans through estuaries.
30
Which
best
explains why most drugs should not be disposed of in the sink or toilet?
The drugs may enter the water cycle.
The drugs can clog drains.
The drugs may not dissolve.
The drugs may become less effective.
