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PY2NS Spring
PY2NS Spring
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#UoR #Psychology #Reading #Neuroscience
Flashcards
43 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
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Answers
1
Kluver-Bucy syndrome leads to the diminished
effect of which response?
Extinction
Pain
Inhibition
Fear
2
Kastner (1999) showed that priming had what general effect on ERPs?
Lower tonic activation
Localised boost
Additive boost to system
Decrease in peak
3
A hemispatial neglect patient is most likely to disengage from from ipsilesional side when...
The image has a low level of meaning
High number of distractors present
When the image is colourless
Low number of distractors present
4
In Braver's (2001) computational model which neurotransmitter regulates, insulates and updates?
Opioids
Serotonin
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
5
Which of the following would respond to sharp pain?
c fibers
a delta fibres
a beta fibres
Descarte cords
6
Stimulation of which brain region causes extinction? (Milad, 2002)
Amygdala
dlPFC
vmPFC
vlPFC
7
What is the function of the vmPFC in relation to the amygdala?
Stimulates fear response
Mediate output
Relay information to body
Relay information to brain
8
Which of the following reacts to gentle localised pressure?
Pacinian corpuscules
Merkel's discs
Ruffini's corpuscules
Meissner's corpuscules
9
Who proposed that exogenous and endogenous attention were separate but linked systems?
Klein
Godjin
Fockent
Gilchrist
10
Which task would show preservation in patients with frontal lobe damage?
Plus minus task
Go-No-Go task
Wisconsin Card Sorting Task
Stroop task
11
For what stages of fear learning is the amygdala active? (Phelps, 2004)
Pairing only
Pairing and late extinction
Extinction only
Pairing and early extinction
12
Which of the following is not one of the 3 main types of attention?
Selective
Vigilance
Concious
Alertness
13
Which brain area did Aron (2004) highlight as key for inhibition?
Amygdala
Dorsolateral PFC
Medial PFC
Ventral PFC
14
What effect does the Posner cueing task have on hemispatial neglect patients? (Bartolomeo, 02)
Caused slight disengagement from ipsilesional side
Showed neglect was curable
Showed full neglect
Caused slight disengagement from contralesional side
15
How did Bisiach (1978) demonstrate the mental component of hemispatial neglect?
Describe a picture from memory
Draw a clock
Cue based tasks
Recall of Milan square from different points
16
Which region, linked to executive function, develops last? (Luna, 2001)
vmPFC
dlPFC
vlPFC
Temporal lobe
17
Which functionality develops first in the parietal lobe?
Spatial
Motor
Cognitive
Executive
18
Which additional areas fired when updating component added to go-no-go task? (Simmonds, 2008)
Parietal lobe and Pre SMA
Parietal lobe and right PFC
Amygdala and Parietal lobe
Pre SMA, Parietal lobe and right PFC
19
Moore (2004) built on the work of Nobre (2000) to prove what theory?
Saccade theory
Triune brain theory
Dual systems theory
Premotor theory of attention
20
A biasing signal promotes a task appropriate response. What does this refer to? (Miller, 2001)
Extinction
planning
Cognitive control
Inhibition
21
The posner cueing task demonstrated that endo and exo attention were..... (Kincade, 2005)?
Made up of many smaller systems
Separate and linked
A single system
Separate and unlinked
22
RVM lesions have what effect on opiate analgesia during safety signalling? (Wiertelak, 1992)
block safety signals
allow safety signals
block analgesia
reduce it
23
Which of the following did Whalen find could trigger amygdala activation (2005)?
Snakes
Eyes
Faces
Teeth
24
Which of the following responds to the physical aspect of pain and where does it terminate?
Spinothalamic tract, in somatosensory cortex
Spinoreticular tract brain stem
Spinothalamic tract, in dorsal horn
Spinoreticular tract hypothalamus
25
What best predicts improvement on cognitive tasks? (Sandberg, 2016)
Episodic memory, speed and verbal ability
Hippocampal structure and depression
Working memory and blood flow
Semantic memory and excercise level
26
Does brain training in one cognitive area improve all others? (Smith, 2009) (Nouchi, 2012)
Dependent on intensity
Dependent on age
Yes
No
27
SM displayed difficulty interpreting what facial expression? (Adolphs, 1994)
Bewilderment
Fear
Sadness
Joy
28
At what age does cognitive decline, dlPFC, vlPFC and brain volume begin? (Foteros, 2008)
18
65
80
20
29
What brain region gives the periacqueductal gray it's bottom up input? (Bandler, 1996)
hypothalamus
forebrain
dorsal horn
rostral ventromedial medulla
30
What is the most common cause of hemispatial neglect? (Chatterjee, 2003)
Tumor
Stroke
Damage to eye
Head trauma
31
What does Diffusion Tensor Imaging show?
Electrical gradient
Blood flow
White matter
Grey matter
32
In the triune brain what is the oldest system? (Maclean, 1950)
Movement stream
Reptilian
Mammalian
Thought stream
33
At what age does grey matter begin heavy decrease? (Giedd, 1999)
21 years old
18 months
12 years old
16 years old
34
Gate control theory (Melzack & Wall, 1965) suggests on and of cells are present where in brain?
vmPFC
brain stem
dorsal horn
somatosensory cortex
35
Papez(1937) proposed direction of signal in the brain alters effect, what role did upward play?
Expression
Sensation
Perception
Experience
36
Which of the following areas is the most important in reappraisal? (Badre, 2008)
Amygdala
vmPFC
dlPFC
vlPFC
37
In Miller and Cohen's (2001) study it is proposed that the PFC has what role in attention?
Bottom up biasing
Filters bottom up
Filters top down
Top down biasing
38
Hemispatial neglect patients typically attend to which side of the visual field?
Contralesional
Left
Right
Medial
39
What effect did depressing /salient stimuli have in emotional variants of the stroop task?
Slower and less accurate
Slower more accurate
Faster more accurate
Faster less accurate
40
Which picture shows a conjunction search? left or right
neither
right
both
left
41
According to Posner (1975) which task is effected by automaticity?
Tower of Hanoi
Wisconsin Card Sorting Task
Go-No-Go task
Stroop task
42
In dual systems model (Steinberg, 2010) which system is highly activated during adolescence?
Emotional
Cognitive
Social
Inhibitory
43
The results of Hillyard's study(1996) suggest that cueing has what effect on VEPs?
No effect
Additive boost
General deccrease
Multiplicative boost