Philosophy and Ethics_David Hume, Ancient, and Modern Philosophy

Question 1

Ancient or Modern: This type of philosophy begins with doubt.

Accepted Answer

Modern

Question 2

What was a work by Hume in which he sought to understand humanity using the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Treatise on Human Nature

Question 3

According to Hume, reason cannot be the basis for morality because...

Accepted Answer

Reason is the discovery of facts & is inherently inactive

Question 4

According to Hume, humans should reject religions founded upon what?

Accepted Answer

The miraculous

Question 5

Which epistemological theory posits that knowledge comes through sense perception?

Accepted Answer

Empiricism

Question 6

Ancient or Modern: This type of philosophy cannot prove that other people exist.

Accepted Answer

Modern

Question 7

Ancient or Modern: This type of philosophy begins with wonder

Accepted Answer

Ancient

Question 8

What nationality was David Hume?

Accepted Answer

Scottish

Question 9

According to Hume, where do ethics and morals have their basis?

Accepted Answer

The pursuit of pleasure and good consequences.

Question 10

Which epostemological theory posits that knowledge comes from the introspection and reflection?

Accepted Answer

Rationalism

Question 11

To Hume, what is the defining mark of pride/humility?

Accepted Answer

A focus on oneself

Question 12

Ancient or Modern: This type of philosophy makes faulty assumptions about the natural world.

Accepted Answer

Ancient

Question 13

What is Hume's definition of miracles?

Accepted Answer

A violation of the laws of nature

Question 14

According to Hume, what is the problem with inductive arguments?

Accepted Answer

They rely on the uniformity of nature

Question 15

Ancient or Modern: This type of philosophy is "unlivable"?

Accepted Answer

Modern

Question 16

When one hears the account of a miracle, what does Hume say one's response should be?

Accepted Answer

Someone is lying, misremembering, or hallucinating

Question 17

Ancient or Modern: This type of philosophy locates man as a highly significant being.

Accepted Answer

Ancient

Question 18

According to Hume, both our memory and our imagination are faculties that do what?

Accepted Answer

Repeat our impressions

Question 19

To Hume, are ethics & morality merely bound to our conduct?

Accepted Answer

No, because certain actions can be taken by non-moral agents

Question 20

Which of the following types of arguments leads to a conclusion of 100% certainty?

Accepted Answer

A deductive argument

Question 21

Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of modern philosophy discussed in class?

Accepted Answer

A supreme confidence in the objectivity of moral absolutes

Question 22

Which type of impressions arise from the soul and have an unknown cause? (arise through senses)

Accepted Answer

Impressions of Sensation

Questions 22