stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
Darwin Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
Darwin
Darwin
21 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
133 plays
#Evolution
Flashcards
21 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
21
Answers
1
The principle of common descent helps explain why?
well-adapted species have many offspring.
birds and reptiles share a number of inherited characteristics.
tigers are so different from cheetahs.
conditions in an organism’s environment ensures the organism’s survival.
2
Darwin noticed that many organisms seemed well suited to?
swimming from South America to the Galapagos Islands.
surviving in the environments in which they lived.
providing humans with food
being preserved as fossils.
3
The Galapagos Finches varied in certain structural adaptions. One of the most significant was the?
length of the birds’ necks.
birds’ different-shaped beaks.
number of eggs in each bird’s nest.
similarities of the birds’ embryos.
4
Each of the following is a condition necessary for natural selection to occur
EXCEPT
population size is very large.
more offspring are born than can survive.
there is heritable variation among members of the population.
fitness varies among individuals.
5
The number and location of bones of many fossil are similar to those in living vertebrates supporting which concept?
analogous structures
the inheritance of acquired traits
Lamarck’s tendency towards perfection
common descent
6
Biogeography is the study of
how different species can interbreed.
where species and their ancestors live.
how animals that live in the same area are closely related.
how extinct species can be related to living species.
7
Charles Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment?
adaptation.
diversity.
fitness.
evolution.
8
Molecular evidence in support of natural selection includes?
the nearly universal genetic code.
the presence of vestigial structures.
a tendency toward perfect, unchanging DNA in various species.
the transmission of acquired characteristics by DNA.
9
Darwin’s concept of natural selection was NOT influenced by?
his collection of specimens.
knowledge about the structure of DNA.
his trip on the H.M.S. Beagle
the work of Charles Lyell.
10
In humans, the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur are?
vestigial structures.
acquired traits.
examples of natural variation.
examples of fossils.
11
What did Charles Darwin learn from reading the work of James Hutton and Charles Lyell?
Gradual changes operating over a long time can result in dramatic Changes
The processes that formed old rocks on Earth do not operate today.
Earth is relatively young.
All geological change is caused by living organisms.
12
What principle does the Grants’ investigation of finch adaptation in the Galápagos Islands best support?
evolutionary embryology
natural selection
uniformitarianism
biogeography
13
A dairy farmer chooses to breed the cows that give the most milk, he is following the principle of?
descent with modification.
artificial selection.
natural selection.
acquired characteristics.
14
When farmers select animals or plants to use for breeding, they look for?
species that are perfect and unchanging.
characteristics acquired during the lifetime of the organism.
natural variations that are present in a species.
homologous structures.
15
People of Charles Darwin’s time understood that fossils were?
evidence for the evolution of life on Earth
unrelated to living species.
available for every organism that ever lived.
preserved remains of ancient organisms.
16
Similar patterns of embryological development in different but related organisms are responsible for the formation of ?
Hox genes.
homologous structures.
analogous structures.
intermediate fossil forms.
17
Which statement is part of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection?
The organisms that are the fittest are always largest and strongest.
Acquired characteristics that are inherited are the cause of evolution.
The number of offspring is not related to fitness.
More offspring are produced than can possibly survive.
18
Which of the following phrases best describes the results of natural selection?
the natural variation found in all populations
changes in the inherited characteristics of a population over time
unrelated species living in different locations
the struggle for existence undergone by all living things
19
Finches of different species on the Galapagos Islands have many similar physical features supporting the hypothesis?
descended from a common ancestor.
acquired traits through use and disuse.
all eat the same type of food.
have the ability to interbreed.
20
The economist Thomas Malthus suggested that
the majority of a species’ offspring die.
If population growth became unchecked, humans would run out of food.
in the 1700s, England needed more housing.
in the human population, people die faster than babies are born.
21
According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have?
variations best suited to environmental conditions.
characteristics that plant and animal breeders value.
characteristics their parents acquired by use and disuse.
the greatest number of offspring.
