Chemistry Background for AP Biology

Question 1

The chemical behavior of an atom depends mostly on its

Accepted Answer

valence electrons

Question 2

Dense core of an atom, where protons and neutrons are located

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nucleus

Question 3

Energy is best defined as

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The capacity to cause change

Question 4

Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds constitute a

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molecule

Question 5

A ____ bond is one in which a pair of valence electrons are shared.

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covalent

Question 6

An electron's potential energy is determined by its

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energy level

Question 7

One pair of shared electrons is called a

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single bond

Question 8

Another word for an ionic compound

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salt

Question 9

Unit of measurement used to describe the mass of subatomic particles, atoms and molecules

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dalton

Question 10

Charged atom or molecule

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ion

Question 11

The precise shape of a molecule is not important to its function in a living cell.

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False

Question 12

Negatively charged atom or molecule

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anion

Question 13

Subatomic particle with no charge

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neutron

Question 14

Unequal sharing of electrons in a bond

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polar covalent

Question 15

The noncovalent attraction between a hydrogen and an electronegative atom of another molecule

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hydrogen bonding

Question 16

Positively-charged subatomic particle

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proton

Question 17

The sum of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

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mass number

Question 18

Forms when the more electronegative atom strips an electron completely away from its partner.

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ionic bond

Question 19

Starting materials in a chemical reaction

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reactants

Question 20

The only subatomic particle directly involved in chemical reactions between atoms

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electrons

Question 21

The point at which the forward and reverse of a chemical reaction occur at the same rate

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chemical equilibrium

Question 22

Which of the following is not a useful application of radioactive isotopes?

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fingerprint analysis

Question 23

Substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio

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compound

Question 24

Elements that are required by an organism in only minute quantities

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trace elements

Question 25

The _ shape of a C atom bonded to 4 other atoms is often a repeating motif in organic molecules

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tetrahedral

Question 26

_____ is one of the most electronegative elements.

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Oxygen

Question 27

Bonding capacity of atom, equal to the # of electrons needed to complete the atom's outer shell

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valence

Question 28

Negatively-charged subatomic particle

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electron

Question 29

Anything that has mass and takes up space

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matter

Question 30

Elements that an organism needs to live a healthy life and reproduce

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essential elements

Question 31

Smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element

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atom

Question 32

The making and breaking of chemical bonds, leading to changes in the composition of matter.

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chemical reactions

Question 33

When atoms either ____ or ____ electrons, chemical bonds are formed.

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share, transfer

Question 34

Substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical means

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element

Question 35

Oxygen needs 2 electrons to complete its outer shell. Therefore, oxygen's ___ is 2.

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valence

Question 36

Type of energy matter possesses because of location or structure

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potential

Question 37

Forms of the same element that differ in number of neutrons and, thus, mass

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isotopes

Question 38

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

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atomic number

Question 39

Positively charged atom or molecule

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cation

Question 40

Signalling molecules made by the pituitary gland that bind to receptors, relieving pain.

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endorphins

Question 41

The attraction of a particular atom for the electrons of a covalent bond is called its

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electronegativity

Question 42

Two pairs of shared electrons is called a

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double bond

Question 43

Weighted average of masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element

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atomic mass

Question 44

Equal sharing of electrons in a bond

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nonpolar covalent

Question 45

Form of an element in which the nucleus decays spontaneously, giving off particles and energy

Accepted Answer

radioactive isotope

Question 46

Which of the following is not a type of weak chemical bond?

Accepted Answer

ionic bonds

Chemistry Background for AP Biology

Questions 46

Chemistry Background for AP Biology

Questions 46