What is generalization in Classical Conditioning?

The Tendency to respond to stimuli similar to the CS

general rule that is used to make a judgement

What is belief perseverance?

Keep initial belief despite proof discrediting its basis

Which of the following is the correct order of stages in productive language?

Babbling Stage, One-Word Stage, Two-Word Stage

Which definition best describes confirmation bias?

The great focus on data that supports one's preconceptions

Which of the following is a heuristic?

Assuming that an Asian student is very good at math

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AP Psychology Memory, Cognition and Language

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Questions 235

Answers

1
Which part of the brain plays a role in explicit memories?
Cerebellum
Basal Ganglia
Hippocampus
Amygdala
2
A flat earther refuses to accept the globe earth even after being proven wrong, an example of:
Intelligence
Ignorance
Belief perseverance
Confirmation Bias
3
Singling out the best solution out of a variety of solutions is an example of:
insight
cognition
convergent thinking
creativity
4
What does the Wernicke's area of the brain do?
Controls language expression
Is used to understand how to spell correctly
Is the primary site of learning a new language
Controls language reception
5
When trying to solve an anagram, what method does a human being use?
Scrying the answer using a crystal ball
An algorithm
Refusing to solve it
Heuristic thinking
6
A mental grouping of similar ideas, objects, events, or people is...
Prototype
Concept
Algorithm
Category
7
Remembering the closest items in a sequence is called?
Sequential amnesia
Serial position effect
Recall
Ebbinghaus' Law of Forgetting
8
Short-term memory has a ________ capacity than sensory memory and a ________ duration.
Less limited; longer
More limited; shorter
Larger; shorter
More limited; longer
9
Remembering how to ride a bike uses...
Exactly 2 of the Above
Sensory Memory
Procedural Memory
Implicit Memory
10
Which of these is a component of the Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory?
Retrieval
Storage
Sensory memory
Encoding
11
Episodic memory is ________ memory.
explicit
implicit
visual buffer
phonological buffer
12
I see a man in a hard yellow hat and assume he is a construction worker. Why?
representativeness heuristic
availability heuristic
overconfidence
insight
13
Isabella kicked the dog a little too hard and now the dog cant remember new things. This is
Gatorade Amnesia
really sad. Alexa?
Anterograde Amnesia
Retrograde Amnesia
14
Which of these are NOT effortful processing strategies?
Hierarchies
Mnemonics
Cues
Chunking
15
What is generalization in Classical Conditioning?
NS is paired with the US to become as CS
Responding decreases
The Tendency to respond to stimuli similar to the CS
Organism's response to similar stimuli is also reinforced
16
The inability to see new uses for familiar objects is called
functional fixedness
non-flexible thinking
proactive inhibition
interference
17
We apply an algorithm when we...
All of the Above.
Check every library shelf to find a book we're looking for.
Order every item on a menu to see what we like the best.
Solve two-digit by two-digit multiplication problems.
18
If your hippocampus is damaged, which of the memory is affected the most?
Working Memory
Short Term Memory
Implicit Memory
Explicit Memory
19
Heuristics are...
general rule that is used to make a judgement
rules that guarantee an answer
rules that make you try every solution
rules that require deep thought
20
A baby can only say sounds like â€œda-da.â€ Which stage of productive language is the baby in?
Two-word stage
Babbling
One-word stage
Receptive language
21
Which of the following process is NOT involved in Information-processing models?
retrieval
storage
encoding
chunking
22
What type of processing encodes semantically based on the meaning of words?
Deep processing
Parallel processing
Effortful processing
Explicit processing
23
The three main processes in memory are encoding, storage, and
Recall
Retrieval
Recognition
Retention
24
What do we call the smallest distinctive sound units in language?
Morphemes
Syllables
Phonemes
Phonetics
25
You are going to take a test with only 1 right answer. What will help you on the test?
convergent thinking
creativity
divergent thinking
imagination
26
What is belief perseverance?
The way an issue is posed
Tendency to be more confident than correct
Interpret new evidence as confirming one's existing beliefs
Keep initial belief despite proof discrediting its basis
27
Remembering the last few items on a list the best is an example of
The recency effect
Serial position effect
Anterograde amnesia
The primacy effect
28
What is a morpheme?
A unit of sound
A unit of meaning
The first words a baby learns
A type of noun
29
When children begin uttering two word sentences, they are in the
one word stage
storage
two word stage
babbling stage
30
The rest of the sequence J-F-M-A... can be solved with the help of
Concepts
Mental set
Intuition
Belief perseverance
31
Where is effortful memory such as explicit memories processed?
basal ganglia and temporal lobes
cerebellum
brain stem
Hippocampus and frontal lobes
32
Studies have shown that as you get older, the _______ it is to learn a language.
faster
easier
harder
more necessary
33
Which of the following is the correct order of stages in productive language?
Babbling Stage, Two-Word Stage, One-Word Stage
Telegraphic Speech, One-Word Stage, Babbling Stage
Babbling Stage, One-Word Stage, Two-Word Stage
One-Word Stage, Babbling Stage, Two-Word Stage
34
What prevents us from problem solving without any bias?
heuristic
confirmation bias
mindset
framing
35
Learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information is
mnemoonics
imagery
fixation
memory
36
When does telegraphic speaking start?
24 months
24 moths
12 months
4 months
37
Which of the following is not information we automatically process?
Time
Space
Frequency
Names
38
Which definition best describes confirmation bias?
Continued existence of one's beliefs after their refutation
The process by which one's belief's lead to illogical conc.
Differences in problem presentation/FRAMING lead to diff re
The great focus on data that supports one's preconceptions
39
Which sense has the strongest trigger for memories?
Sight
Touch
Smell
Taste
40
Exposure to what stimulus can result in the formation of iconic memory?
Sound
Visual
Touch
Light
41
What is anterograde amnesia?
Inability to be conditioned
Inability to retrieve information from one's past
Inability to form new memories
Inability to see into the future
42
How many levels of processing do we have and what are they?
3: shallow, deep, semantic
2: shallow, deep
3: basic, deep, semantic
2: basic, deep
43
Who proposed that creativity has five components?
Sternberg
Atkinson
Kohler
Chomsky
44
Which of the following is a morpheme?
F
Hit
President
A and B
45
Which of the following is a heuristic?
Not judging a person by their clothing or way pf speaking
Solving a math problem step by step and checking
Assuming that an Asian student is very good at math
College interviewing a student before accepting them
46
Which of the following is a phoneme, but not a morpheme?
S
M
I
A
47
What is anterograde amnesia?
Inability to see into the future
Inability to form new memories
Inability to retrieve information from one's past
Inability to be conditioned
48
A 13 month old baby is most likely to say....
For the Motherland!!
Go park
ga ga ba
Dog
49
We encode explicit memories through
Parallel processing
Shallow processing
Effortful processing
Automatic processing
50
Which of the following would a person develop first?
Telegraphic speech
Periphrastic speech
Receptive language
Holophrastic speech
51
Which of the following best categorizes an automatic or effortless thought or feeling?
A heuristic
Overconfidence
An algorithm
Intution
52
Which of these best fits the definition of a language?
All of the above.
A part of cultural and national identity.
A unique form of communication
Spoken/written/gestured words
53
What does Broca's area control?
linguistic determinism
learning
language expression
language reception
54
A momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli
Spacing memory
Iconic memory
Echoic memory
Long term memory
55
If you got a question wrong, but are sure that the answer was correct, what are you displaying?
Confirmation Bais
Belief Perseverance
Availability heuristic
intuition
56
Linguistic acquisition is subject to what?
A critical period
Cognition
Concepts
Grimm's Law
57
Which of the following is not a stage of the Atkinson model of the memory forming process?
Parallel Processing
Long-Term Memory
Sensory Memory
Short-Term Memory
58
Thinking of other uses of pencils instead of using it to writing is considered:
Divergent Thinking
Insurgent Thinking
Convergent Thinking
Detergent Thinking
59
Around how many months do children usually enter the one word stage?
12
24+
1
10
60
At age 2, Santa's parents told him Santa wasn't real, so he clung to his existence until age 54
This is belief perseverance
This is intuition
This is a mental set
This is confirmation bias
61
In order to answer this question, what process of memory are you using?
Storage
Retrieval
Sensory
Encoding
62
How long does echoic memory last for?
3-4 seconds
1-2 seconds
4-5 seconds
2-3 seconds
63
Which stage is not part of the memory stages?
Long-term memory
Amnesia
Short-term memory
Sensory memory
64
What are the smallest meaningful units of speech?
Surface structure
Morphemes
Deep structure
Phonemes
65
Which is NOT a way to improve memory?
sleep more
study similar topics back-to-back
Rehearse repeatedly
use mnemonic devices
66
a child is 24 months old and begins to use 2 word statements like "get food". What stage?
one word stage
babbling
two word stage
grammar
67
Who believed that language determines the way we think?
Daniel Gilbert
Noam Chomsky
Paul Broca
Benjamin Lee Whorf
68
How many phonemes are in the word â€œschoolâ€?
1
4
3
6
69
What is retrograde amnesia?
Inability to discern true and false memories
Inability to retrieve information from one's past
Inability to form new memories
Inability to create sensory memory
70
What are the stages of information-processing models?
Short term memory and long term memory
Encoding, storage, retrieval
Receive, storage, remembering
Encoding, storage, short term memory, long term memory
71
Approaching a problem in a way that has worked previously applies...
A heuristic
A mental set
Intuition
Insight
73
Which of these is NOT an example of a morpheme?
banana
it
a
ch
74
Cognition ________
refers to the mental groupings of similar objects
refers to the ability to formulate thoughts
refers to all the mental activities
refers to mental images
75
How many morphemes are in the word â€œunluckyâ€?
2
3
1
7
76
The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis or linguistic determinism states that the words in your language
determine mutual intelligibility with an unrelated language
determine how well you can read
determine the concepts you have access to
determine how primed you will be to solve certain problems
77
1. At what age, can babies say Ma-ma, or Da-da.
4 months
24 months
24 months +
10 months
78
which of the following statements is true about flashbulb memory?
A short term memory that lasts only for a day
A flashback from drug use
Portion of the memory that is caused by PTSD
A clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event
79
which of the following is linked with a visual stimuli?
iconic memory
short term memory
long term memory
echoic memory
80
What does Broca's area control?
linguistic determinism
learning
language reception
language expression
81
Approximately at what age does a child enter the one-word stage?
6 months
10 months
12 months
24 months
82
Mr.Stark remembers attending Peter's funeral but not how he died past a certain time.Why?
Mr.Stark has a mood congruent memory..
Peter wasnâ€™t a real Avenger, so Mr.Stark forgot him.
Mr.Stark has retrograde amnesia
Mr.Stark has anterograde amnesia
83
Which of the following is not part of the one word stage?
The association of a word with an object in the world
The milestone of speaking their first word
The ability to speak only one word
The tendency to speak in one-word sentences
84
Where is Broca's area located?
Parietal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Frontal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
85
Which stage in language development can babies only recognize differences in speech sounds?
Silent/Receptive stage
One-word stage
Two-word stage
Babbling stage
86
Encoding that occurs with no effort is known as
echoic memory
Working memory
Automatic Processing
mnemonics
87
Our implicit memory processes all the following except
Frequency
Time
Facts and general knowledge
Space
88
How many phonemes are in this question?
0
5
125
25
89
You don't automatically process information about
Sound
Space
Time
Frequency
90
If you are rotating and stretching a model of a vase in your head, then you are using your...
Working Memory
Parallel Processing
Long-Term Memory
Short-Term Memory
91
What is an algorithm in psychology?
Gurl, I don't know!!!
A systematic, rigorous problem solving strategy.
A math thingie
Something that computer science students need to write
92
What is the difference between an algorithm and a heuristic?
Algorithms are faster, but are more error-prone.
Algorithms do not guarantee a solution, while heuristic do.
Algorithms are slower, but more accurate than heuristics.
Algorithms are simpler thinking strategies.
93
You remember all your piano training in the past, but cannot remember the name of a new friend
Retrograde Amnesia
Anterograde Amnesia
Proactive Interference
Retroactive Interference
94
Eva can think of many uses for her homework like doing it, making a plane, etc. This best shows
framing
divergent thinking
deep processing
convergent thinking
95
What is a critical period?
A point in life where we start learning independently
When muscle growth is at its fastest
A window in time where it is harder to learn
A period of time when it is easier to learn a language
96
The understanding that an object exists even though it's not within their vision. This is...
Self-Actualization
Lens
Intrinsic Motivation
Object Permanence
97
At 12 months, what stage of language is a baby in?
babbling
short sentences
one word stage
two word speech
98
Hermann Ebbinghaus referred to the inability to recall details of a story after several reps...
Crystallization of facts
Condensation of detail
Important stuff early
Compartmentalization
99
Retention independent of conscious recollection is _________.
implicit memory
working memory
explicit memory
effortful processing
100
Karen refused use a map because she said her instincts were god tier. Everyone died. This is
Illegal
Overconfidence
Intuition
Insight
101
Cognition being accounted for in modern psychology would be most opposed to by which figure?
Jean Piaget( Call Back Part Deux! )
None of the above. (This is an excellent cop out, use it mor
John B. Watson ( Call Back! )
Noam Chomsky
102
The tendency to perceive and approach problems in certain ways is called...
Non-compensatory modeling
Prototypical idealization
Mental Set
Means-end analysis
103
Which of the following is an example of a prototype?
Silverware
Italian food
Pillows
A Canary
104
This area of the brain controls language expression
Hypothalamus
Broca's Area
Wernicke's Area
Occipital Lobe
105
MrMcNickle's daughter just spoke her first word! How is she most likely?
2 years old
4 Months
1 year old
Fetus Stage
106
What is the order of processes required to remember any event?
Encodingâ†’Storageâ†’Retrieval
The correct answer is not here
Storageâ†’Retrievalâ†’Encoding
Retrievalâ†’Encodingâ†’Storage
107
When Mr. McNickle's infant daughter makes nonsensical noises
Receptive Language
Babbling Stage
Telegraphic Speech
A secret language understood only by babies
108
Why is it that you can repeat what the teacher said after embarking on a daydream?
Iconic Memory
Echoic Memory
Working memory
Parallel Processing
109
What is encoding?
Organizing items into familiar manageable units
The process of putting information to the memory system.
The retention of encoded information over time.
The process of getting information of the memory storage.
110
Cognition is best defined as:
The collection and retrieval of information/memories
Strategies we employ for problem solving
The set of mental activities concerned with thinking,knowing
Most basic model/mental image conceived when think of item
111
The tendency to judge the likelihood of things according to how they relate to a prototype...
Representativeness Heuristic
Deductive Reasoning
Availability Heuristic
Inductive Reasoning
112
A memory that relies on hearing sounds is a(n):
iconic memory
declarative memory
echoic memory
episodic memory
113
A young Anna struggles with visualizing squares as cubes. Her approach is confined by:
Convergent thinking
Creativity
Abstract concepts
Her mental set
114
What is Convergent Thinking?
Creating Solutions out of Thin Air
Expands on the Number of Solutions to a Problem
Narrows the Number of Solutions For the Best Solution
None of the Answers Are Correct
115
A man is unable to form new memories but could recall the past. What does he have?
Anterograde amnesia
Infantile amnesia
Transient global amnesia
Retrograde amnesia
116
Which part of the brain is associated with speaking and language expression?
Amygdala
Wernickleâ€™s area
Brocaâ€™s area
Hippocampus
117
If a child makes a statement of "want juice," what kind of speech is it?
Babbling speech
Receptive Speech
Productive Speech
Telegraphic Speech
118
Which is more likely to be involved the cognitive processes of middle aged woman than a child?
Priming
Language Acquisition Device
Algorithms
Heuristics
119
Which one is a language?
Binary
Eye signals with your friend
Morse code
Sign language
120
What is Parallel Processing?
All Answers Are Correct
the processing of stimuli simultaneously by the brain
None of the Answers Are Correct
the processing in a step by step fashion by the brain
121
What is implicit memory?
Retention without conscious recollection
A clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event
A momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli
memory of facts and experiences one can consciously know
122
You still think the Earth is flat even though evidence shows that it's round
Framing
Stubbornness
Confirmation Bias
Belief Perserverance
123
Term for clinging to initial conceptions after their original basis has been disproved?
Mental set
Confirmation bias
Overconfidence
Belief preseverance
124
What Can Be Defined As Memory?
The persistence of learning over time
All Answers Are Correct
Learning done by encoding, storage and retrieval
Stored in the hippocampus and various places in the cortex
125
Which psychologists' research focused on memory?
Herman Ebbinghaus
Benjamin Whorf
Noam Chomsky
Wolfgang Kohler
126
Which of the following involves the inability to form new memories?
retrograde amnesia
eidetic memory
source amnesia
anterograde amnesia
127
What is a heuristic?
A ballooning and weakened area in a blood vessel.
An automatic mental shortcut
A detailed approach to problem solving
An example for a category
128
According to Sternberg, which of the following is not a component of creativity
Expertise
Parental Influence
Creative Environment
Intrinsic Motivation
129
Clive Wearing was a man whose rare case of viral encephalitis damanged his ( ) long term memory
Explicit (declarative)
Implicit
Photographic
Procedural
130
What is proactive interference?
Defense mechanism to get rid of anxiety- arousing thoughts
Clinging to one's initial beliefs despite contrary evidence
New learning disrupts recall of old information
Prior learning disrupts recall of new information
131
You get stuck on the same math problem. This is an example of
Procedural memory
Mental set
Insight learning
Framing
132
Which is a mental image or best example of category?
cognition
concept
prototype
convergent thinking
133
What is an example of a baby over-generalizing her surroundings?
The baby babbles when their dad talks to them.
The baby copies their moms words when she talks.
The baby smacks their mouth to signal hunger.
The baby bites a lemon thinking that it is a sweet orange.
134
Is it easier to remember things through aural or visuals?
All THREE!!!
Visual
Neither
Aural
135
Which of the following best describes a phoneme?
Unit of meaning
A syllable
Unit of sound
A form of telegraphic speech
136
What is a phoneme?
The babbling a baby does when it's learning to talk
A unit of sound
A unit of meaning
A way of learning language using audio recordings
137
Repeating someone's name wrong even after hearing the correct way to pronounce their name is?
Belief perseverance
Framing
Availability heuristic
Representativeness heuristic
138
We are able to derive meaning from semantics because of
Grammar
Accents
Written language
Dialects
139
Which method of memorization is least effective?
Forming hierarchies
Mnemonics
Chunking
Auditory repetition
140
The inability to see a problem from a new perspective, by employing a different mental set is
cognition
fixation
semantics
framing
141
What occurs at 10 months old stage of productive language
Child begins to babble
Language develops rapidly into complete sentences
Child engages at two word speech telegraphic
Babbling represents household language
142
What is type of memory where facts and experiences that one can consciously declare?
Working memory
Explicit memory
Implicit memory
Effortful processing
143
20 year old Rosie cannot recall episodic memories prior to age 3. This most specifically shows
source amnesia
anterograde amnesia
infantile amnesia
retrograde amnesia
144
When we organize information into meaningful units, we are
storing information
using long term memory
recalling
chunking
145
Of the following, which do we not process automatically?
Math
Frequency
Space
Time
146
All of these are meaningful components of language EXCEPT:
Phonemes
Grammar
Syntax
Concept
147
Which of the following is NOT a component of creativity?
a venturesome personality
Intrinsic motivation
divergent thinking
expertise
148
Which of the following include the system of rules that make up grammar?
semantics and syntax
phonemes
receptive and productive languages
morphemes
149
What type of thinking do you need to use answer this question?
Categoric thinking
Creative thinking
Convergent thinking
Divergent thinking
150
Problem-solving method that uses a step-by-step method; guarantees solution to certain problems
Algorithm
Insights
Schemas
Heuristic
151
Lady Gaga accidentally hits a wrong note. The pitch of the tone is determined byâ€¦
Frequency
Loudness
Timbre
Amplitude
152
In how many months can a child begin engaging in two-word speech?
10 months
12 months
24 months
4 months
153
More time spent on a language equals better understanding of the language.Which effect is this?
Serial Position effect
Misinformation effect
Testing effect
Flashbulb Memories
154
The inability to form new memories but being able to recall past memories is known as...
Source Amnesia
Retrograde Amnesia
DÃ©jÃ vu
Anterograde Amnesia
155
The processing of information into the memory system is known as
Retrieval
chunking
Storage
Encoding
156
What part of the brain is dedicated to the formation of implicit memory?
cerebellum and basal ganglia
hippocampus and cerebellum
basal ganglia and hippocampus
frontal lobes and hippocampus
157
Which memories are reliable?
Memories of things happening before the age of 3
Memories recovered after long period of amnesia
Memories recovered under the influence of drugs
Memories of a 16yo about something that happened 2 years ago
158
What are the three measures of retention?
Reflection, Regression, Replication
Encoding, Storage, Retrieval
Recall, Recognition, Relearning
Priming, Chunking, Interferance
159
What is a prototype for a dog?
four legged creature, cute, furry, barks, tails
all the dogs in the world
woof
husky
160
Which of the following is not an example of a toddlerâ€™s telegraphic speech?
Bath
go eat
Play with toys
Eat food
161
Which of the following is not an example of a concept and prototype respectively?
Color â€“ Blue
Apple â€“ Fruit
Furniture â€“ Chair
Dog â€“ Golden Retriever
162
Holly can remember her OSIS by splitting it up into 3 groups of 3 digits. This is known as
priming
chunking
recalling
retrieving
163
The brain's ability to process numerous aspects of a problem simultaneously is referred to as:
deep processing
parallel processing
automatic processing
effortful processing
164
Remembering George Washington is the first president of the U.S on your test is an example of
Semantic memory
Explicit memory
Episodic memory
Implicit memory
165
A step-wise, detailed approach to problem solving, likely to find the correct answer, is called
an algorithm
priming
an availability heuristic
a representative heuristic
166
Which of these is NOT a memorization technique?
Chunking
Heuristic
Imagery
Mnemonics
167
which of the following is an example of a prototype?
furniture->bookshelf
drugs->Khat
pet->dog
penguin->bird
168
When 12 months have passed, a child reaches which stage?
Two word
One word
complete sentences
Babbling
169
Retrograde amnesia when a person suffers a brain injury and loses memory of
Events before the injury
Events after the injury
childhood events before the age of 7
Long term memory
170
Approximately when does babbling begin to resemble household language?
12 months
39 months
10 months
4 months
171
Broca's area controls
hearing
language reception
conversation
language expression
172
You tend click on links that aligns with what you already know, an example of:
Laziness
Belief Preservation
Confidence
Confirmation bias
173
You think "I've experienced this before," you're experiencing _________.
telepathy
deja vu
source amnesia
prototype
174
Linguistic acquisition is subject to what?
Grimm's Law
Concepts
A critical period
Cognition
175
Which of the following is a component of creativity?
watercolors and other materials
expertise
indolence
extrinsic motivation
176
This part of the brain controls language expression.
Basal Ganglia
Wernicke's area
Hippocampus
Broca's area
177
Bob remembers his past, but cannot form new memories due to a head injury. What does he have?
long term memory
retrograde amnesia
anterograde amnesia
short term memory
178
What is the best demonstration of the spacing effect?
Cramming the night before
Spacing the graph in order to understand the material better
Studying one chapter per day until the exam
Cheating during the exam
179
Jack sees many people walking and assumes that having a dog is common. This is an example of:
belief perseverance
mental set
intuition
availability heuristic
180
Which of the following is an example of a concept-prototype?
Phone - smartphone
Smartphone - iPhone
Smartphone - phone
iPhone - Smartphone
181
Which is the correct term for a short sensory memory of visual stimuli?
iconic memory
echoic memory
chunking
recall
182
Jen can only remember the first and last few presidents. This demonstrates which concept?
The spacing effect
Overwhelmed encoding
Serial position effect
Priming
183
An inability to form new memories is
Anterograde amnesia
Retroactive interference
Retrograde amnesia
Source amnesia
184
Linguistic determinism claims that
Our birth language decides our intelligence
Our place of origin determines our grasp of language
An enormous vocabulary stimulates cognitive growth
Language itself shapes the way we think
185
After work, Daniel realized that he ran into Tonyetta 3 times today. He knows because
Automatic processing is great
Parallel processing is great
Effortful processing is great
this happens every day. Three times was just a new low.
186
Every time Karena is mega sad, she thinks of the time she ate a light bulb. This is
Recalling memory
Explicit memory
Flashbulb memory
Mood-congruent memory
187
How are explicit memories encoded?
Effortful processing
Shallow processing
Automatic processing
Parallel processing
188
All the answer choices are problem solving strategies except for?
Algorithm
Insight
Heuristic
Overconfidence
189
One of the most effective ways to make our memories distinctive is to use mental
Concentration
Cues
Imagery
Rehearsal
190
Which is NOT a stage in language development
Child engages in three-word speech
Babbling resembles household language
language develops rapidly into complete sentences
Infant babbles many speech sounds
191
A doctor tells you that you're underweight but you still want to lose weight. This is...
Belief perseverance
Confirmation bias
Mental Set
Insight
192
Which of the following is an example of holophrastic speech?
A baby saying "mommy home" when it sees its mom at the door
A baby saying "milk" in order to be fed
A baby making repetitive motions in order to get attention
A baby crying when upset
193
Which is an example of a prototype?
Camo â€”> Military
A sample creation
Apples
All of the above
194
Which is the best prototype (P) given the concept (C)?
C: Internet Browser P: Chrome
C: Eating Utensil P: Spork
C: Car P: Leopaard
C: Phone P: Nokia 3310
195
how many phonemes are there in english?
30
26
44
40
196
Ben has amnesia. A brain scan will show that he most likely has damage in his...
Hippocampus
Hypothalamus
Medulla
Reticular Formation
197
what is implicit memory?
memory based on generalizations
non-declarative and procedural memory
auditory memory
a calculus term
198
The tendency support info that matches our preconceptions and ignore contradictory evidence
framing
mental set
belief perseverance
confirmation bias
199
What is the most important common feature of language?
Modernism
Abstraction
Grammar
Phonemes
200
Wernicke's area
controls language expression
controls speech
is in the right temporal lobe
controls language reception
201
what is an example of the spacing effect?
giving a speech in different chunks
studying for a test the morning of the test
studying for a test a little every day
doing 100 SAT problems right before the SAT
202
What damages one's ability of convergent thinking?
Injury to the frontal lobes
Injury to the left parietal lobe
Injury to the amygdala
Injury to the right parietal libe
203
What is anterograde amnesia?
inability to create new memories can recall past memory
ability to create new memories can't recall old memories
ability to create new memories can recall old memories
inability to create new memories can't recall past memory
204
Which of the following is the correct order of memory information retrieval ?
Storage, encoding, retrieval
Encoding, storage, retrieval
Retrieval, storage, encoding
Retrieval, encoding, storage
205
What does Wernicke's area control?
learning expression
linguistic determinism
language reception
learning
206
Which of the following is the best example of a flashbulb memory?
Learning how to use a flashlight
Rewearing an outfit you wore two weeks ago
Remembering what you were doing on 9/11
Recalling what you had for dinner one month ago
207
Critical period is
a happy time in your life
an important time in your life
prime time to learn languages
adolescence
208
Which of the following words contains three morphemes?
Invisible
Nationalize
Backyard
Cat
209
Your baby cousin seems to be repeating random sounds. What stage of productive language?
Fluent stage
One word stage
Babbling stage
Two word stage
210
The area of the brainstem that is most important in controlling breathing is the...
Hippocampus Suprachiasmatic nucleus
Cerebellum
Medulla
Limbic System
211
Around when does an offspring begin to babble?
After 1 year
About 120 days after birth
4 months after conception
After 2 years
212
When buying earbuds, Joe reminds himself that expensive ones are better. This is an example of
A heuristic
An algorithm
The framing effect
A holistic
213
The cerebellum plays an important role in our forming and storing of
Explicit memory
Echoic memory
Implicit memory
Iconic memory
214
2 students are answering this puzzle "Q-W-E-R-?-?". One answers while the other does not. Why?
The student had a specific mental set on solving that puzzle
The student did not receive a prophecy.
The puzzle book was rigged.
The student got distracted by their application portal.
215
What is a prototype?
A mental image or best example of a category
A mental grouping of objects, events, ideas, of people
The first model of a new cell phone
The first Terminator
216
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of 2 year olds' speech?
Telegraphic speech
Their speech follows rules of syntax
Speaking in two-word statements
Holographic speech
217
At how many months of age do babies first demonstrate their command of grammar?
8
24
12
4
218
How many pieces of information can the general brain memorize at once?
7
2
as many as they want
15
219
What does a language need to have?
Vocabulary
Accents and tonal sounds
All of the above
Grammar
220
Aphasia can cause damage in the left-hemisphere to
the cerebellum
Brocaâ€™s area
the cerebrum
the brain stem
221
How many pieces of information can you handle at once
9-May
12-Sep
5-Mar
12+
222
Telegraphic speech begins to appear in which stage of speech development?
Babbling Stage
After two-word stage
One-Word Stage
Two-Word Stage
223
Clinging to one's initial conception even after it has been proven false is an example of:
Overconfidence
intuition
confirmation bias
Belief Perseverance
224
The action of brushing your teeth is what kind of memory?
Brush Memory
Implicit Memory
No Memory
Explicit Memory
225
What is the form of memory that utilizes chunks
Heuristic
Cramming
Long term memory
Short term memory
226
What does the Broca's area of the brain do?
Creating long term memories
Creating short term memories
Controls language expression
Controls language reception
227
Which feature is not shared by all languages?
Nouns, verbs, and adjectives
Grammar
Social context
Spoken words
228
Which of the following are true about algorithms and heuristics?
both are automic approaches to problem solving
both are detailed approaches to problem solving
none of the above
algorithm's a detailed approach, heuristic's an automic app
229
Which of the following is not likely to be said by a 12 month old baby?
â€œJuiceâ€
â€œMamaâ€
â€œTwo Doggyâ€
â€œDoggyâ€
230
Through what processing can the human brain do things at the same time on dual tracks?
parallel processing
shallow processing
deep processing
sensory processing
231
What is the effect of strong emotions on memory?
Can sear certain events into the brain
Causes fuzzy memories
Can cause people to wrongly remember events
Can cause people to forget certain events
232
What is a mental set?
Tendency to approach problems without any expected outcome
Tendency to approach problems with a particular expectation
The set of all the knowledge that a person has
The components of the brain that work to form thinking
233
The Ebbinghaus forgetting curve shows:
A gradual drop in retention followed by a steep decline
A steep drop in retention followed by a gradual decline
A bell-shaped curve
A steady, gradual decrease of memory over time
234
What is overconfidence?
Tendency to look for info that supports our preconceptions
Tendency to lack trust in other people
to overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs and judgments
A tendency to believe one can accomplish a given task
235
Which phrase best describes the concept of phonemes?
The basis of Grammar
Units of meaning in a language
A form of syntax
Units of sound in a language

AP Psychology Memory, Cognition and Language Flashcards | StudBud