Which of the following is a discovery of Copernicus?

The sun was at the center of the universe, not the earth

Which of the following is a way Montesquieu's ideas have influenced the U.S. gov't?

Separation of gov powers into different branches

Why is Diderot an important Enlightenment figure?

Wrote a book spreading Enlightenment ideas to the Americas

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the Age of Enlightenment?

Overwhelming support for absolute monarchies throughout Europe

The Scientific Revolution & The Enlightenment are connected because...

Both support the use of logic and reason and laws

Which of the following is NOT true of Voltaire?

Believed general will more important than individual wants

Which belief of John Locke's is best represented by the quote?

The idea that gov't exists to preserve freedom and people's rights

What did Rousseau mean by the "social contract"?

Ppl give up freedoms to benefit society, have more safety

Which of the following is a way Locke's ideas have influenced the U.S. gov't?

Inclusion of "life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness" as natural rights

Why was the novel invented during the Enlightenment period?

To hide criticism of govts inside fictional literature

John Locke's belief that you are born with no knowledge with a good soul and that you gain knowledge through your life

Tabula rasa (blank slate) theory

In Rousseau's The Social Contract, he expressed his belief that:

The masses' will was more important than the will of an individual

Which of the following is Montesquieu's major contribution to the Enlightenment?

Notion of checks/balances and separation of powers in gov't

Diderot's Encyclopedia was published to:

Spread Enlightenment ideas as widely as possible (such as to the Americas)

Which view would have been most criticized by the scientists of the Scientific Rev.?

Bible provided answers to questions about how the natural world works & why

Which answer choice correctly matches the Enlightenment-era composer to the kind of music they created?

Bach composed baroque music, and Mozart composed classical music

Which describes a contribution of Galileo to the Scientific Revolution?

Used the telescope to prove the heliocentric theory

What is Kepler's big contribution to the Scientific Revolution?

Noted planets orbit sun in oval shapes, not perfect circles

What do Bacon and Descartes do?

Come up w/ the scientific method

studbud

Unit 5 Test Review: Scientific Rev. & Enlightenment

82 termsStudBud Administration436 plays

A Quiz to review for the #ScientificRevolution and #Enlightenment unit test in a Virginia HS #WorldHistory2 class.

Flashcards82 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 82

Answers

1
Which answer choice correctly matches the name of the first novel to the person who wrote it?
Hobbes - Leviathan
Cervantes - Don Quixote
Cervantes - Encyclopedia
Locke - Two Treatises on Gov't
2
Which of the following is a way Voltaire's ideas have influenced the U.S. gov't?
Separation of church and state
Establishment of an absolute monarchy in the U.S.
Inclusion of "life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness" as natural rights
Separation of gov powers into different branches
3
Which of the following is a discovery of Copernicus?
The movement of blood throughout the body
The sun was at the center of the universe, not the earth
The oval shape of planet orbits around the sun
The earth was at the center of the universe, not the sun
4
TRUE OR FALSE: John Locke believed the purpose of government was to protect people's natural rights.
False
True
5
Which of the following is a way Montesquieu's ideas have influenced the U.S. gov't?
Inclusion of "life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness" as natural rights
Establishment of an absolute monarchy in the U.S.
Separation of gov powers into different branches
Separation of church and state
6
This Enlightenment thinker believed humanity was inherently evil and felt strict laws and strong governments are needed
Hobbes
Montesquieu
Kepler
Locke
7
Why is Diderot an important Enlightenment figure?
First came up with the idea of checks and balances
Wrote a book spreading Enlightenment ideas to the Americas
Believed people were born good and thus democracies worked
Wrote "The Social Contract"
8
What book did Thomas Hobbes write?
Encyclopedia
Leviathan
Two Treatises on Government
Social Contract
9
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the Age of Enlightenment?
An increase in democratic thought
The application of reason and logic to politics and society
Political revolutions in the Americas and in Europe (i.e. French Rev.)
Overwhelming support for absolute monarchies throughout Europe
10
The Scientific Revolution & The Enlightenment are connected because...
Both happened only after World War II
Both support the use of logic and reason and laws
Both emphasized only science
Both happen before the Renaissance
11
This model of the universe placed the EARTH at the center.
Heliocentric model
Geocentric model
12
Who is associated most closely with the theory of rationalism?
Sir Francis Bacon
Thomas Hobbes
Rene Descartes
Nicolas Copernicus
13
How did Kepler and Copernicus's models of the universe differ?
With regard to where the earth was located
With regard to where the sun was located
With regard to whether or not earth had a moon
With regard to orbit shape
14
TRUE/FALSE: Sir Francis Bacon believed science, rational thought, & observation could make impacts outside of science.
False
True
15
Which of the following is NOT true of Voltaire?
Believed in the separation of church and state
His ideas influenced the American gov't
Supported freedom of speech
Believed general will more important than individual wants
16
Galileo used the instrument in the accompanying image to prove:
To explain gravity
The heliocentric theory
The geocentric theory
That planets orbited in oval shapes around the sun
17
Who wrote the first modern novel in Europe during the Enlightenment era?
Eugene Delacroix
Francis Bacon
Miguel Cervantes
Isaac Newton
18
Which belief of John Locke's is best represented by the quote?
That absolute monarchies are the best kind of gov't
His tabula rasa ("blank slate") theory
His belief that people are born good
The idea that gov't exists to preserve freedom and people's rights
19
This image is associated with which scientist of the Scientific Revolution?
Copernicus
Harvey
Kepler
Newton
20
Which two Enlightenment thinkers had opposing beliefs about the nature of people?
Thomas Hobbes & Jean-Jacques Rousseau
John Locke & Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Hobbes & John Locke
John Locke & William Harvey
21
What book did Locke write?
Spirit of Laws
Two Treatises on Government
Leviathan
Social Contract
22
This Enlightenment individual felt people were born evil and needed strong gov'ts/strict laws
John Locke
Thomas Hobbes
23
What did Rousseau mean by the "social contract"?
People were born good but society can corrupt them
Ppl give up freedoms to benefit society, have more safety
Freedom of speech was the most important personal freedom
The needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few
24
Which of the following is a way Locke's ideas have influenced the U.S. gov't?
Separation of church and state
Separation of gov powers into different branches
Inclusion of "life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness" as natural rights
Establishment of an absolute monarchy in the U.S.
25
This thinker believed in separation of powers w/in a gov't in which each gov't branch should have checks and balances:
Locke
Voltaire
Hobbes
Montesquieu
26
This image is associated with which scientist of the Scientific Revolution?
Newton
Galileo
Copernicus
Harvey
27
Why was the novel invented during the Enlightenment period?
To encourage people to read only religious-based texts
To hide criticism of govts inside fictional literature
Because poetry was outlawed throughout Europe
Because people wanted to read fantastical stories
28
Scientific Revolution used ________ to explain why things happened, not religion.
Logic/reason
Government laws
Unseen observations
Catholicism
29
John Locke's belief that you are born with no knowledge with a good soul and that you gain knowledge through your life
Separation of church and state
Separation of power into branches
Tabula rasa (blank slate) theory
Existence of natural laws
30
This model of the universe placed the SUN at the center.
Heliocentric model
Geocentric model
31
In Rousseau's The Social Contract, he expressed his belief that:
Gov't was an evil that should be totally eliminated in favor of anarchy
The masses' will was more important than the will of an individual
The individual's will is more important than the will of the masses
Children were small adults w/ all the same abilities as full grown adults
32
Bach and Mozart were __________ during the Enlightenment era.
Authors
Artists
Monarchs
Composers
33
Which discovery of Newton is this image referring to?
Calculus
Order of the universe
Laws of gravity
Planetary motion
34
Which of the following is Montesquieu's major contribution to the Enlightenment?
Notion of checks/balances and separation of powers in gov't
Wrote Encyclopedia
Came up with the social contract
Believes people were born good
35
Which answer choice works best as a third reason for why the Enlightenment started?
The American and French Revolutions
The Scientific Revolution
The Age of Exploration
The Reformation
36
Which of the following scientists DID NOT do work related to heliocentric model?
Kepler
Copernicus
Harvey
Galileo
37
Diderot's Encyclopedia was published to:
Improve the study of literature by the middle class
Propose a new plan of government for France inspired by Enlightenment ideas
Spread Enlightenment ideas as widely as possible (such as to the Americas)
Inspire peasants to rise up against the ruling class
38
TRUE OR FALSE: In his book Spirit of Laws, Montesquieu argued that the best form of gov't included a separation of power
True
False
39
"I disagree w/ what you say, but I will defend to death your right to say it." Who said this quote?
Voltaire
Montesquieu
Locke
Hobbes
40
What kind of gov't would Locke have supported?
Absolute monarchy
Democratic gov't
41
Which two Enlightenment figures disagreed with the nature of man?
Locke & Hobbes
Hobbes & Voltaire
Hobbes & Rousseau
Locke & Montesquieu
42
This was the time period when philosophers thought that science and reason could improve politics, society, & economics:
Scientific Revolution
Age of World Wars
Age of Exploration
Enlightenment
43
Which view would have been most criticized by the scientists of the Scientific Rev.?
The main reason to investigate nature was to improve politics
The ancient Greeks/Romans understood the world better than modern Europeans
Bible provided answers to questions about how the natural world works & why
The values/morals that should govern human life differ between societies
44
Which answer choice correctly matches the Enlightenment-era composer to the kind of music they created?
Bach composed baroque music, and Mozart composed classical music
Bach composed jazz music, and Mozart composed baroque music
Bach composed classical music, and Mozart composed baroque music
Bach composed techno music, and Mozart composed rock music
45
Which describes a contribution of Galileo to the Scientific Revolution?
Discovered laws of physics, like gravity and inertia
First came up with the heliocentric theory
Noted planets orbit the sun in ellipses (ovals), not circles
Used the telescope to prove the heliocentric theory
46
What form of literature emerges for the first time during the Enlightenment?
Poetry
Novel
Essay
Film script
47
Which philosopher argued ppl. have the right to abolish their gov't & create new one if it isn't serving people's will?
Voltaire
Locke
Rousseau
Montesquieu
48
Until the Scientific Revolution, traditional authority in Europe about how the world worked was held by:
Muslim scribes from the Ottoman Empire
European explorers
East Asian philosophers like Confucius
The Catholic Church
49
Philosophers of the Enlightenment wanted to apply _____ to society, politics, and economics.
Art
Religion
Reason and logic
Astronomy
50
What is Kepler's big contribution to the Scientific Revolution?
Used the telescope to prove the heliocentric theory
Noted planets orbit sun in oval shapes, not perfect circles
Discovered the heliocentric theory
Came up with the scientific method
51
What do Bacon and Descartes do?
Figure out that the heart pumps blood throughout the body
Discover the oval-shaped orbit of planets around the sun
First developed the heliocentric theory
Come up w/ the scientific method
52
This painting is "Liberty Leading the People." Which romanticist painter during the Enlightenment era painted this?
Eugene Delacroix
Leonardo da Vinci
Miguel Cervantes
Johann Sebastian Bach
53
Which of the following would be another good name for the Enlightenment?
Age of Revolution
Age of Religion
Age of Great Explorers
Age of Reason
54
The idea that people should use reason to understand the world was developed by Descartes. What is this theory called?
Catholicism
Capitalism
Rationalism
Scientific method
55
____________was a Romanticist painter during the Enlightenment era.
Voltaire
Isaac Newton
Thomas Hobbes
Eugene Delacroix
56
Life, liberty, and property are examples of:
Social contract elements
Natural laws
Characteristics of absolute monarchies
Natural rights
57
Which of the following is NOT true about the general will?
It was the idea of Rousseau
It believed in privileging the needs of the many (masses) over the few
All of these are true about the general will
It was a feature of democracy according to Rousseau
58
This image is associated with which scientist of the Scientific Revolution?
Harvey
Copernicus
Galileo
Kepler
59
This image is associated with which scientist of the Scientific Revolution?
Galileo
Kepler
Copernicus
Harvey
60
Locke believed that a government's power came from the _____, not from divine right like absolute monarchs thought.
The pope
The nobility
The people
The military
61
French writer who believed in freedom of speech, religious tolerance, and the separation of church and state:
Voltaire
Montesquieu
Rousseau
Wollstonecraft
62
"I disagree w/ what you say, but I will defend to death your right to say it." What freedom does this quote refer to?
Freedom of speech
Freedom of religion
Guarantee of natural rights by gov't
Freedom of assembly
63
This image is associated with which scientist of the Scientific Revolution?
Harvey
Newton
Galileo
Copernicus
64
The model shown in this picture is the:
Geocentric model of the universe
Heliocentric model of the universe
65
This Enlightenment individual felt people were born good and govts. should serve the ppl's will
John Locke
Thomas Hobbes
66
Which is most responsible for sparking the Scientific Revolution?
The scientific works of Leonardo da Vinci
The increasing popularity of Machiavelli's writings in Europe
The humanist and secular thought developing 1st during the Renaissance
The renewed interest in religious texts from Ancient Greece
67
Which of the following is NOT one of Locke's three natural rights?
Pursuit of happiness
Liberty
Life
Property
68
Which philosopher is NOT correctly matched with the book he wrote?
Montesquieu = Don Quixote
John Locke = Two Treatises on Government
Thomas Hobbes = Leviathan
Jean-Jacques Rousseau = Social Contract
69
The model shown here best depicts:
The Columbian Exchange
The heliocentric model
The general will
The geocentric model
70
During the Scientific Revolution, European scientists focused their work on explaining:
The workings of the natural world
The workings of advanced technologies
The effects of society on the individual
The presence of the divine in nature
71
What kind of gov't would Hobbes have supported?
Absolute monarchy
Democratic gov't
72
Overall, what kind of gov't did most Enlightenment writers/philosophers support?
Anarchy
Absolute monarchy
Oligarchy
Democracy/republic
73
Belief that no religion should run or make laws for a government; supported by Voltaire
Social contract
Separate branches of government
Tabula rasa theory
Separation of church and state
74
Which is NOT true of the Scientific Revolution?
Observation was valued more than religious belief to understand the world
Scientists developed the scientific method
Scientific principles were applied by scientists to politics and economics
Logic and reason were used to examine how the world worked
75
This Enlightenment philosopher believed people are born good until they are corrupted by society (tabula rasa theory).
John Locke
Thomas Hobbes
William Harvey
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
76
A common theme among the Enlightenment thinkers was:
Most Enlightenment thinkers supported democratic forms of gov't
Enlightenment thinkers all believed in the inherent goodness of people
There was very little in common between beliefs of Enlightenment thinkers
Enlightenment thinkers strongly emphasized the role of religion in gov't
77
What is Newton's major contribution to the Scientific Revolution?
Laws of physics (inertia, gravity) + studies math (calculus)
Used the telescope to prove the heliocentric theory
First came up with the heliocentric theory
Discovered the circulation of blood in the human body
78
What did Rousseau mean by the "general will"?
Supported the separation of powers between branches
Only valid governments are those that are elected
People were born bad and needed strong gov'ts as a result
Prioritizing the needs of many over the needs of a few
79
Why did Galileo and the Catholic Church end up feuding w/ each other?
Galileo supported the heliocentric model using his telescope
Galileo supported the geocentric theory
Galileo became a Protestant
Galileo came up with the heliocentric theory
80
The Catholic Church considered some scientists to be heretics because they:
Valued natural resources
Loved the Catholic Church
Had beliefs that contradicted those in the Bible
Overthrew absolute monarchies
81
Situation in which people give up some of their rights in order for a safer, better society; Rousseau's idea
The tabula rasa theory
Geocentric theory
Social contract
Enlightenment
82
What do Catherine the Great and Mary Wollstonecraft have in common?
Both wanted to extend educational rights to women
Both wrote important Enlightenment works
Both were scientists during the Scientific Rev.
Both were absolute monarchs

Unit 5 Test Review: Scientific Rev. & Enlightenment Flashcards | StudBud