What was the intellectual basis of the establishment of the three branches of the government?

Montesquieu’s the Spirit of the Laws

What was the major motivation for the German Reunification in the 19th Century?

The rising trend of centralization and consolidation in industrial nations

Which of the following describes an effect of the First World War on civil liberties in the United States before 1920?

Laws on spying and sedition were expanded targeting anti-American behavior.

Which of the following is a difference between the Senate and the House of Representatives?

The Senate is governed by fewer formal rules than the House is.

Which of the following is not a role or responsibility of the federal government?

To conduct and regulate intrastate trade

Based on the 11th Amendment to the constitution, the Supreme Court does not have the authority to:

Hear any suits brought against a state

Which of the following strategies did the Union attempt as it sought to defeat the South during the American Civil War?

Capturing and controlling the Mississippi River, Campaigning to capture the Confederate capital of Richmond

What is opportunity cost?

The most desirable alternative given up

Which of the following describes an application of the Global Positioning System (GPS) ?

Using a voice-activated device and display to access driving directions

Clothing manufacturers discover that a mineral necessary to produce red dyes is going to be very limited

Higher production costs will cause a decrease in the supply of red clothes.

The dome of St. Peter's cathedral in Rome was inspired by:

The dome of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople (Istanbul)

How did WWI accelerate the fall of the Russian Empire?

War crippled the industrial economy and inspired revolution

If the U.S. can produce a phone using two resource units and China can produce the same phone using one resource unit

China has an absolute advantage in manufacturing cell phones.

Which of the following initiatives was a Progressive Era response to the threat of environmental degradation?

The establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency

How were urbanization and industrialization developed in the post WWI American economy?

Industries serving the urban household started to rise

What were the major catalysts for European industrialization?

Expensive human capital and their relative disadvantage in global commerce

Which of the following was an argument made by the Anti-Federalists against the ratification of the Constitution?

It failed to protect individual rights.

How was the political crisis following the death of the Prophet Muhammad resolved?

By the election of his friend Abu Bakr as the Caliph

Which of the following contributed to the spread of Islam into East Africa before 1450 C.E.?

Cultural diffusion along Indian Ocean trade routes

What was the legal debate that prompted the secession of the states from the Union prior to the Civil War?

The right of the federal government to interfere with state laws

Why were Europeans interested in finding a passage to India?

They wanted to access the Asian commercial market

Which of the following changes indicates long-run economic growth?

An increase in long-run aggregate supply

The massive depletion of the Aral Sea, which has shrunk significantly, is most likely due to which

Use of the water from the feeder rivers for irrigation

The Great Awakening was among the intellectual trends behind the American Revolution because:

It allowed religious plurality and diversity

Which of the following best describes the benefits, to farmers of gmos?

Allows farmers to reduce/ use less harmful chemicals, or increase output

What is one of the most important sources of growth in a modern economy?

Increasing the amount of capital per worker

Which of the following examples best shows the spatial economic practice of agglomeration?

A rubber tire factory and windshield producer locate near an car plant.

Which of the following best describes the political organization of Maya civilization circa 300–700 C.E.?

A collection of independent city-states

Based on the Constitution, which one of the following is true between states and the federal government?

State laws take precedence over federal laws, except the Constitution

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Answers

1
Who was qualified to run for an office in ancient Athenian democracy?
Male citizens
Any adult citizen
Anyone who owned property
Only free citizens
2
The US money supply, M1, includes all of the following except
money market funds
currency
coins
checking accounts
3
According to Kohlberg’s stages of moral development, which answer is the most advanced stage of moral development?
Child 3
Child 1
Child 4
Child 2
4
Which of the following inferences is least likely to explain the graph?
Birth rates are decreasing
Population rates are increasing
Death rates are increasing
Life-expectancy is extending
5
What was the intellectual basis of the establishment of the three branches of the government?
The Magna Carta
Montesquieu’s the Spirit of the Laws
Rousseau’s Social Contract
John Locke’s the Two Treatises of Government
6
What was the major motivation for the German Reunification in the 19th Century?
The threat against the Germans by the Russians and the French
Rise of German nationalism
Prussian expansionism
The rising trend of centralization and consolidation in industrial nations
7
Which of the following describes an effect of the First World War on civil liberties in the United States before 1920?
Women were granted the right to vote and serve in military combat roles.
Immigration laws changed to admit a large numbers of refugees from Europe.
Prohibition was abolished because troops demanded the right to buy alcohol.
Laws on spying and sedition were expanded targeting anti-American behavior.
8
Which of the following is a difference between the Senate and the House of Representatives?
The Senate is governed by fewer formal rules than the House is.
The Senate uses a system of seniority, but the House does not.
The Senate has many more committees than the House does.
The Senate is more receptive to legislative proposals from the president.
9
When the demand for an item affects the demand for the workers who make the item, this is referred to as
incidental demand
predictive demand
associated demand
derived demand
10
Which of the following is not a role or responsibility of the federal government?
To act as a broker between the states on disputed issues
To conduct and regulate intrastate trade
To regulate income from taxation and trade
To protect the states against foreign invasion
11
Based on the 11th Amendment to the constitution, the Supreme Court does not have the authority to:
Prosecute those serving in public offices
Overrule decisions made by a federal judge
Overrule decisions made by a state supreme court
Hear any suits brought against a state
12
This quote would have been advocated by which of the following?
A "New Light" miniser
A loyalist Tory
One of the Sons of Liberty
A Puritan
13
Which of the following strategies did the Union attempt as it sought to defeat the South during the American Civil War?
Plotting to assassinate Confederate President Davis
Capturing and controlling the Mississippi River
Campaigning to capture the Confederate capital of Richmond
Blockading all major Southern ports
14
What is opportunity cost?
A goo exchanged for another
The ime expended to make a choice
The most desirable alternative given up
A choice between two equally desirable items
15
Unemployment that occurs as a result of a mismatch between currently available workers and required job skills is
seasonal
cyclical
structural
frictional
16
Which of the following describes an application of the Global Positioning System (GPS) ?
Using a tool to automatically keep a minimum space from the vehicle ahead
Using a voice-activated device and display to access driving directions
Measuring angular distances of stars with a hand-held device
Gathering atmospheric information from a satellite to forecast the weather
17
Clothing manufacturers discover that a mineral necessary to produce red dyes is going to be very limited
Producers will increase the supply of red clothing due to higher prices.
Consumers will demand more red clothing because it is scarce.
The amount of red clothes demanded will not change.
Higher production costs will cause a decrease in the supply of red clothes.
18
The dome of St. Peter's cathedral in Rome was inspired by:
It was developed based on ancient Roman principles re-discovered later
It was designed independently by Michaelangelo
The dome of the Cathedral of Granada
The dome of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople (Istanbul)
19
How did WWI accelerate the fall of the Russian Empire?
The losses of the German Empire led to a spread of democratic ideals
War crippled the industrial economy and inspired revolution
The treaty that ended Russia's involvement in WWI led to the civil war
The capture of the czar by the Central Powers ended the Romanov dynasty
20
If the U.S. can produce a phone using two resource units and China can produce the same phone using one resource unit
the U.S. has a comparative advantage in manufacturing cell phones.
China has a comparative advantage in manufacturing cell phones.
China has an absolute advantage in manufacturing cell phones.
neither country has an absolute nor comparative advantage.
21
Which of the following initiatives was a Progressive Era response to the threat of environmental degradation?
The creation of the national park system
The banning of synthetic pesticides
The development of air quality legislation
The establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency
22
How were urbanization and industrialization developed in the post WWI American economy?
Large companies started establishing headquarters in the great cities
Automobile industry helped decrease urban concentration of the population
Factories in cities helped increase the concentration of urban population
Industries serving the urban household started to rise
23
What were the major catalysts for European industrialization?
Protestant ethics and the spirit of capitalism
Advancements of technical knowledge and the presence of capital
Expensive human capital and their relative disadvantage in global commerce
European scientific ingenuity and liberal market forces
24
A firm's labor cost is $20/worker. Its output is $5/unit. How many workers should the firm hire to maximize profit?
2
3
1
4
25
Which of the following was an argument made by the Anti-Federalists against the ratification of the Constitution?
It did not provide a clear separation of powers.
It failed to protect individual rights.
It did not allow the states to be a part of the amendment process.
It to give enough power to the national government.
26
How was the political crisis following the death of the Prophet Muhammad resolved?
By establishing a governing council
By the election of his friend Abu Bakr as the Caliph
By appointing his cousin, Ali, as an imam
Muhammad’s death was followed by a civil war among the Muslims
27
Which of the following contributed to the spread of Islam into East Africa before 1450 C.E.?
Military invasions by Islamic caliphates
Cultural diffusion along Indian Ocean trade routes
Missionaries sent into sub-Saharan Africa from Egypt
East African scholars studying in Saudi Arabia
28
Based on the map, which of the continent’s major cities would be most likely to encounter a hurricane?
Eddenfirth
Michaelsville
Dratton
Kettington
29
What is the term used for the socio-political thought in the countries who gained their independence from Europe
Extremism
Post-Colonialism
Anti-Imperialism
Post-Structuralism
30
Which projection, commonly found on classroom maps of the world and in the image, accurately depicts the size of the
Conic
Polar
Mercator
Robinson
31
What was the legal debate that prompted the secession of the states from the Union prior to the Civil War?
The imposition of federal tariffs
The right of the southern states to continue owning slaves
The abolition of slavery in the Northern states
The right of the federal government to interfere with state laws
32
In 1796, the Democratic-Republicans represented which segment of the colonial population?
Those loyal to the Constitution
Wealthy northern merchants
Southern tobacco farmers
Puritans
33
Immigrants who settled in cities in the United States between 1890 and 1914 came from which of the following regions?
South and East Asia
Central and South America
northern and western Europe
southern and eastern Europe
34
According to the map above, the distance between Nome and Barrow, Alaska, is approximately how many miles?
600
300
500
150
35
Which would not be considered a socialcultural factor influencing individual development?
cultural perspective
family
poverty
race
36
Assuming that daylight savings time is not in effect, if it is 8 pm in New York, what time is it in Casablanca?
1 am
3 am
10 pm
3 pm
37
The primary role of the Supreme Court is
Judicial review
To hear all appellate cases from federal courts
To try criminals who violate federal law
To evaluate all legislation
38
What important judicial process was established by the Supreme Court case Marbury vs. Madison in 1803?
The Fifth Amendment
The Appeal Process
Habeas Corpus
The Judicial Review
39
Why were Europeans interested in finding a passage to India?
They were interested in Indian silk and cotton products
They wanted to attack the Ottoman Turks from behind
They wanted to import pepper directly from India
They wanted to access the Asian commercial market
40
Which of the following changes indicates long-run economic growth?
An increase in the price level
An increase in consumption spending
An increase in long-run aggregate supply
An increase in wages in response to an inflationary gap
41
The massive depletion of the Aral Sea, which has shrunk significantly, is most likely due to which
Effects of global warming
Use of the water from the feeder rivers for irrigation
Occurrence of persistent drought in Kazakhstan
Increased dependence on groundwater mining
42
The Great Awakening was among the intellectual trends behind the American Revolution because:
It instilled Enlightenment ideals in the American society
It promoted the rule of the people
It highlighted the religious foundations of the colonies
It allowed religious plurality and diversity
43
Which of the following groups is most likely to have a mental map that covers a smaller geographic scale?
The working class
Americans
Those with post-graduate education
The wealthy
44
Which of the following best describes the benefits, to farmers of gmos?
Allows farmers to reduce/ use less harmful chemicals, or increase output
Increase the cost of seeds and thus profits for farmers
Prevent chemical runoff into water supply due to the elimination of tilling
Allows farmers o charge more for their crops
45
Which of the following map projections is best used for a close up on a specific region?
Equal area projection
Conformal Large Scale
Small Scale
Compromise projection
46
What is one of the most important sources of growth in a modern economy?
Instituting a democratic form of government
Increasing the amount of capital per worker
Increasing population
Discovering the presence of significant natural resources
47
Which cost curve declines continuously with increasing output?
Marginal Cost
None, they all rise
Average Fixed Cost
Average Variable Cost
48
According to Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, which first begins during the Concrete Operational Stage?
egocentrism
metacognition
animism
accomodation
49
Which of the following examples best shows the spatial economic practice of agglomeration?
A rubber tire factory and windshield producer locate near an car plant.
A region that specializes in dairy trades with one specializing in grain.
The population center in a fruit-growing region has a juice factory.
A fast food chain locates their restaurants at equidistant places.
50
Which of the following best describes the political organization of Maya civilization circa 300–700 C.E.?
A feudal state dominated by local warlords
An early instance of democracy, with voting for property-holding men
A collection of independent city-states
A large empire with a centralized bureaucracy
51
Based on the Constitution, which one of the following is true between states and the federal government?
The federal government is the supreme legal authority
States have the authority to reject federal laws
States have the freedom to choose whatever form of government they like
State laws take precedence over federal laws, except the Constitution
52
What was the main source of farm labor in the NA British colonies during early colonization until the 1660s?
Irish immigrants fleeing the potato famine
Slaves imported from Africa
Indians who were enslaved by the colonists
Indentured servants from Great Britain
53
Which best summarizes the quote?
Governments need no regulation as long as moral men are in charge of it
A strong gov is necessary to protect the people and must regulate itself
The best governemtn is one run by the religious as they are like angels
Individual freedoms and local concerns must be protected to protect people
54
Which of the following is not a required step in the legislative process?
Signature of the President into law
Passage in the House of Representatives
Committee Review
Introduction by a member of Congress
55
How does the republican system avoid the need for formation of coalition governments?
By using a two party system
By allowing candidates for president to choose their vp
By independent election of the chief executive
By employing lobbies
56
Question:Interest groups regularly engage in which of the following activities?
Conducting scientific public opinion polls
Nominating candidates for office
Filing amicus curiae briefs
Donating to electoral campaigns
57
How did WWII help the American economy?
Munitions factories employed more laborers solving the unemployment problem
American armament factories sold weapons to the Allies
It encouraged the entry of women laborers into factories
It initiated technological innovations
58
Which of the following would not be considered an automatic stabilizer?
income taxes
unemployment checks
a tax cut
social security payments
59
In Confucianism, the major qualification for serving in a public office is:
Performing the correct rituals
Possessing the virtues of a Gentleman
Proving political merit
Possessing noble blood
60
Which of the following benefits of recycling would least relate to an area's physical geography?
It saves landfil space
It saves clean air and water
It saves natural resources
It saves money and creates jobs
61
Why are positive role models considered to be important to a child's early development?
Children require these relationships to develop language skills
They prevent self-efficacy
Children depend on modeling to develop various aspects of their personality
They can take the place of peer relationships
62
Among the Iroquois tribes, women possessed a position of ascendancy because:
They were the owners of the longhouses
They were the only ones allowed to be sachems
They were believed to be connected to the earth deity
They were elected as monarchs
63
Why was the Persian Empire the first "world empire"?
It imporved transportation with the canal connecting the Nile and Red Sea
It preceded the empire of Alexander the Great
It integrated each of its satraps for production & payment of tribute
It was the first to conquer the river systems of the Nile, Indus and Meso
64
A business is trying to increase its revenues. If the elasticity of demand for one of its product is .5, it should
consider lowering the price.
leave the price as is.
consider raising the price.
Indeterminable, based on the information given.
65
The maximum level of use an environment can sustain without incurring significant environmental deterioration is called:
its carrying capacity
its saturation point
its natural breaking point
resource critical mass
66
Which article of the Constitution prohibits the administration of a religious test for the political candidates?
Article one
The Fifth Amendment
The First Amendment
Article six
67
Which of the following statements best disputes this claim?
Although voter turnout among the ages of 18-25 is low, it is not declining.
The older citizens are, the more likely they are to vote.
Nations with the extensive social programs have the higher voter turnout.
Voters making more turned out to vote 30% more than voters making less.
68
The post-WWII US foreign policy that called for supporting European countries against communist invasions or communis
Truman doctrine
Marshall plan
Monroe Doctrine
Roosevelt Corollary
69
Which of the following demonstrates a difference between democracy in Ancient Athens and modern day America?
Only citizens 18 years and older may vote.
Representatives make major national decisions and communities make others
All citizens enjoy suffrage.
Only citizens may hold office.
70
In what way has the modern creation of nation-states and boundaries affected the working of international commerce?
It has made international commerce possible and has facilitated it
It has allowed for more government control of trade and exchange
It has allowed states to protect their economies and gain income by tariffs
It has made it international treaties necessary and made it harder to trade
71
Which of the following countries has had a woman president or prime minister?
Israel
India
Great Britain
Mexico
72
Selective incorporation is the process by which
the president selects judicial nominees for federal court
the bureaucracy decides how a policy should be implemented
amendments have been incorporated into the Constitution
certain Bill of Rights protections have been applied at the state level
73
Which demographic was most impacted by the changes in the Immigration Act of 1965?
Latin Americans
Asians
Africans
Western Europeans
74
Which describes the process by which bureaucrats interpret the meaning of laws and decide how they should be implemented
Rulemaking
Adjudication
Lawmaking
Lobbying
75
Which of the following forms of agriculture would traditionally be practiced in a tropical climate?
Slash and Burn agriculture
Mixed livestock and crop farming
Pastoral farming
Aquaponic agriculture
76
What was the underlying reason for the start of World War One?
The German-Austrian treaty against France and Britain
The colonial competition between the European powers
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Serbia
The competition between Germany and France
77
Compared to economic special interest groups, what is the primary goal of non-economic interest groups?
Advocate collective goods for universal benefit
Provide specialized information to government officials
Contribute to political campaigns in order to influence government policy
Protect or win private goods for the benefit of their members
78
Which most closely expresses the meaning of this quote? The Cold War was wildly expensive and consumed the entire globe
D
B
C
A
79
Which two market structures are characterized as having many buyers and sellers?
Monopoly and oligopoly
Monopoly and monopolistic competition
Perfect competition and oligopoly
Perfect competition and monopolistic competition
80
How did colonialism affect the European economies?
It allowed their population to migrate out of Europe
It provided them with gold and silver
It provided them with resources to compete against Asian economies
It allowed them to have many slaves
81
Which most likely accounts for acid precipitation occurring far from its point of origin, as indicated by the map?
Groundwater runoff
Depletion of the ozone layer
Prevailing wind
Temperature fluctuation
82
If a country imposes a tariff on imports, which of the following will occur?
The loss in producer surplus will exceed the gain in consumer surplus.
The gain in producer surplus will exceed the loss in consumer surplus.
The loss in consumer surplus will exceed the gain in producer surplus.
The gain in consumer surplus will exceed the loss in producer surplus.
83
The statement can be most closely associated with which psychological theorist?
B.F. Skinner
Ivan Pavlov
Jean Piaget
Franz Boas
84
In a perfectly competitive scenario, a firm’s marginal revenue
is equal to the market price of its product.
increases as output grows.
is less than the market price of its product.
is greater than the market price of its product.
85
This passage best describes which of the following events?
The New York City Stonewall Riots of 1969
Chicago Democratic National Convention Protests, 1968
The March on the Pentagon in 1967
The Great March on Washington in 1963
86
Which of the following best describes the relationship between politicians and the media in America?
All media coverage must be politically balanced but politicians may pander.
Politicians are expected to act like "gentlemen".
Politicians may use the media to their benefit but the media may use bias.
Social media has created a relationship between politicians and the media.
87
What is the functional basis for political parties in the US?
To provide a platform for expressing political ideals
To organize fundraising and election campaigns
To provide an institution for political consensus in the country
To organize political ideas and influence government's function

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