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Biology: Spring Midterm Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology: Spring Midterm
Biology: Spring Midterm
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Questions
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Answers
1
The central dogma of molecular biology states that info is passed from DNA to RNA to protein
False
True
2
Cell division happens in the ___ part of the cell cycle.
S
G1
M
G2
3
During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases
GATCCA
AGCTTG
GAUCCA
TCGAAC
4
Amino acids are the building blocks of:
RNA
DNA
Fats
Protein
5
What type of mutation is this?
Insertion
Deletion
Substitution
Silent Mutation
6
What determines the function of a protein?
length
Shape/Folding
Electronegativity
in acid or base
7
Where do cells spend most of their lifetime?
cytokinesis
interphase
mitosis
8
Transcription and translation is an "all or nothing" process in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
True
False
9
What is the maximum percentage of food energy available to the next trophic level?
.1%
100%
1%
10%
10
What is cytokinesis?
splitting of chromosomes
addition of centrioles
division of cytoplasm
addition of chromosomes
11
In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, how many copies of the DNA are left after replication?
3
4
1
2
12
Transcribe the following DNA sequence: TAGCGA
TACGAT
GACTAA
ATCGCT
AUCGCU
13
A ______ mutation is caused by the addition or deletion of a single letter
Silent
Nonsense
Point
Frameshift
14
What is the theory states that no two species can share the same niche in the same time?
Pythagorean theorem
Newton's first law of motion
Competitive elimination principle
Competitive exclusion principle
15
The purpose of transcription is:
To make mRNA from DNA
To make DNA from DNA
None of the above
To make proteins from tRNA
16
The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and the environment
ecology
recycling
economy
modeling
17
All the interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem
food web
food network
food interaction
food chain
18
Why is DNA important?
It serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
It is small and very complicated
Because we eat it everyday
It's in everything
19
The major components of cell membrane are...
enzymes
lipids
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
20
What are codons?
Amino Acids
Nitrogenous Bases
Groups of 3 nitrogenous bases of mRNA
A set of 6 amino acids
21
Cell differentiation allows cells to...
Perform different & specific functions
Respond to their environment
Reproduce
Be less complex
22
What type of bond forms to make the "rungs" of the double helix structure of DNA?
Hydrogen
Polar
Ionic
Covalent
23
When does DNA replication take place in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
in the nucleus
only on the telomeres
before cell division
around the histones
24
Mutations can be?
Beneficial
Harmful
Neutral
All three
25
When a plant crowds out native species, it is known as a
Invasive
Natural
native
predatory
26
Cancer can be simply described as...
Cellular degradation
Uncontrolled cell growth
Uncontrolled cell death
Infection of the cells
27
During exercise, one maintains homeostasis by
stopping all other maintenance activities
decreasing O2 levels
increasing CO2 levels
sweating
28
What would the complementary DNA base pair be for this segment: AAA TGC GCA TCC
UUU ACG CGU AGG
CCC GTG CGT ATT
TTT ACG CGT AGG
TTT ACG AAT AGG
29
Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
adenine + phosphate group + thymine
cytosine + phosphate group + guanine
deoxyribose + phosphate group + polymerase
30
What type of cells undergo Mitosis?
no cells undergo mitosis
gametes
body cells
sex cells
31
What job do tRNA molecules have?
transporting new proteins
None of these
transferring amino acids to ribosomes
carrying instructions to ribosome
32
A group of individuals of the same species that interbreed make up a
Genetic drift
Species
Population
Gene pool
33
Eukaryotes usually contain...
all of the above
specialized organelles
genetic material
a nucleus
34
Which of the following lists the levels of organization in proper order from simplest to most complex?
Cell, tissues, organ, organ system
Cell, tissues, organ system, organ
Tissues, cell, organ, organ system
Cell, organ, tissues, organ system
35
A genetic mutation is defined as
change in DNA nucleotide sequence
exposure to mutagen
cloning
physical change
36
Different species can share the same habitat, but competition among them is reduced if they
increase their populations
occupy different niches
reproduce at different times
eat less
37
How many bases long is a codon?
4
2
1
3
38
In active transport, molecules are forced to travel against the concentration gradient from…
They don't move in active transport
Depends on the molecule
Low to high concentration
High to low concentration
39
The main argument against stem cell research s the destruction of human embryos.
False
True
40
The three particles that make up atoms are..
Positives, negatives and neutrals
neutrons, isotopes and electrons
protons, neutrons, and electrons
Protons, neutrons and isotopes
41
The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move materials in and out. What are these channels made from?
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
42
The monomer of the DNA polymer is
nucleic acid
sugar-phosphate backbone
nitrogenous base
nucleotide
43
In eukaryotes, DNA is located...
cytoplasm
is circular
on the ribosomes
in the nucleus
44
The backbone of DNA is made up of what?
Phosphate
Sugar and phosphate
Nitrogenous bases
Sugar
45
Transcription occurs in the:
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
46
what are the steps of interphase
Anophase
G1, S, G2
G,G2, S
Metaphase
47
Which of the following would be an example of a producer in the desert?
fox
sand
cactus
lizard
48
How many codons code for Leucine?
8
4
6
2
49
Photosynthesis Equation
H2O + O2 ---> C6H12O6 + O2
6H2O + 6CO2 ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2
6H3O + 6O2 --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
6H2O + 6O2 ---> C12H12O12 + 6O2
50
What job does mRNA have?
carrying instructions to ribosomes
none of the above
transferring amino acids
transporting new proteins
51
Genes contain instructions for assembling...
Proteins
purines
nucleosomes
pyrimidines
52
All organs in an organ system work together to perform a common function.
True
False
