What was the goal of the Tanzimat reforms initiated by Ottoman Leaders in the 19th century?

to compete with European imperialism and industrialism

An Islamic empire that claims to defend the Dar-al-Islam

How was the economy of Post-Classical Europe organized?

Serfdom labor on agricultural manors

Spanish state sponsorship of Columbus' voyages by Ferdinand and Isabella led to...

European conquest and colonization of the Americas

How did the Song dynasty use the tribute system to consolidate their power in East Asia?

To demonstrate their status and superiority to surrounding states

CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Post-Classical Era?

The first interregional empires were established.

What was the reform program launched by the Japanese leadership in the 19th century?

A restructuring of the social structure eliminating social classes

How did the Indian Ocean network impact EAST AFRICA from c. 1200-1450?

Arab diasporic communities brought Islam and the Arabic language

How did the Qing Empire use the Forbidden City below?

To demonstrate and legitimize their absolute power to the public.

What was the purpose of state construction of monumental architecture, like the Aztec Templo Mayor below?

To display the power and permanence of the state

How were Sub-Saharan African kingdoms (like Kongo and Asante) impacted by European trading posts there?

Warfare between them grew as demand for slaves increased

Which of the following was NOT an example of a technological or cultural transfer from the Dar-al-Islam?

Champa rice and silk production techniques

European Imperialism was driven by all of the following EXCEPT

To recover territories lost in WW1

Why are the Mongols MOST significant to world history?

Uniting Eurasia and diffusing technologies like paper-making and gunpowder

All of the following motivated initial Western European transoceanic exploration EXCEPT:

To set up settler colonies to control vast territories

What were the demographic consequences of the Columbian Exchange on the Americas' indigenous peoples (W. Hemisphere)?

Catastrophic population decline due to diseases, like smallpox

CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Modern Era?

Global Conflicts that Weakened Empires

What did the Young Turks advocate?

a secular more democratic Turkish nation

What were the demographic consequences of the Columbian Exchange on the populations of Afro-Eurasia (E. Hemisphere)?

New, nutritious staple crops led to boom in populations

Which of the following is a correct example of Imperialism outside of the U.S. and Europe?

Japan's takeover of Taiwan and Korea

Which of the following revolutions was the first to overthrow the authority of an empire and establish a democracy?

The (North) American Revolution

Why do so many trade networks expand and increase their volumes during from 600-1450 CE?

New technologies of trade and protection of states/empires

How did networks of exchange become GLOBAL after 1450?

The Americas were integrated into European empires

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AP World Modern Review

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Questions 81

Answers

1
What does interregional mean?
Across the globe.
From one side of a region to another.
From one region into another
Within a single region.
2
Which revolution became the only successful slave revolt in world history to est. a new nation-state?
The Latin American Revolution
The French Revolution
The Haitian Revolution
The (North) American Revolution
3
The biological transfer of plants, animals, and diseases is known as the...
The Great Dying
The Triangular Trade Network
The Atlantic Circuit
The Columbian Exchange
4
All of the following commercial practices increased the use of long-distance trade from 600-1450 CE EXCEPT:
Banking Houses
Joint-stock companies
Paper money and "flying cash" (checks)
Bills of exchange and credit
5
What kinds of goods were primarily traded along the interregional exchange networks?
Luxury Goods
Inferior Goods
Staple Goods
Manufactured Goods
6
What economic theory accepted by European powers from 1450-1750, led to increased restrictions on trade and rivalries?
Socialism
Communism
Capitalism
Mercantilism
7
Portuguese state investment by Prince Henry and others in navigation led to...
The discovery of a Northwest Passage to China
Portuguese discovery of Australia
Colonization of the African interior
A global trading-post empire
8
What was the goal of the Tanzimat reforms initiated by Ottoman Leaders in the 19th century?
to compete with European imperialism and industrialism
to strengthen the Janissaries and more freedom to the Ulama
To confirm the fundamentals of Islam
To clarify religious principles of a renewed Muslim state
9
What is a caliphate?
The religious authority of all Muslims
An Islamic empire that claims to defend the Dar-al-Islam
The principle of Islamic holy war
The collection of Islamic law codes
10
Which of the following is an example of a maritime empire being challenged by local populations in the Early Modern Era?
The Taiping Rebellion
Cossack Revolts/ Pugachev Rebellion
The Sepoy Revolt
The Pueblo Revolt
11
The market share of which of the following regions increases the greatest due to industrialization after 1750?
China/ East Asia
Middle East
W Europe and the US
India/ South Asia
12
How was the economy of Post-Classical Europe organized?
Mostly free peasant farmers
Large cash-crop plantations using slave labor
A craft and manufacturing based economy based on exports
Serfdom labor on agricultural manors
13
Spanish state sponsorship of Columbus' voyages by Ferdinand and Isabella led to...
European control of the Indian Ocean Basin
Industrialization of Spain's economy
The decline of the Ottoman and Mughal Empires
European conquest and colonization of the Americas
14
How did the Song dynasty use the tribute system to consolidate their power in East Asia?
To provide citizenship benefits to its people.
To demonstrate their status and superiority to surrounding states
To spread Confucian ideals of filial piety
To assimilate surrounding cultures
15
Which land-based empire in RED on the map coerced Christian minorities to become elite soldiers known as janissaries?
The Ottoman Empire
The Russian Empire
The Mughal Empire
The Qing/Manchu Empuire
16
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Post-Classical Era?
The first interregional empires were established.
The emergence and diffusion of Islam
New forms of states were created - feudal, khanates, Islamic, etc.
Intensification of Interregional Exchanges
17
What was the reform program launched by the Japanese leadership in the 19th century?
The rejection of western influence in favor of Chinese beliefs
Further isolation of Japan after American contact
The fall of the Tokugawa and restoration of the emperor
A restructuring of the social structure eliminating social classes
18
How did the Indian Ocean network impact EAST AFRICA from c. 1200-1450?
Epidemic diseases were introduced that weakened the region
Indian merchants introduced Buddhism and Hinduism
Arab diasporic communities brought Islam and the Arabic language
An empire was established from the wealth from trade
19
Which expanding trade network is colored in RED on the map below?
The Silk Roads
The Indian Ocean Basin
The Trans-Saharan
The Mediterranean
20
Which social groups witnessed a significant DECLINE in their power in the Early Modern Era?
Scholars and Clergy
The Nobility (Aristocrats)
Absolute Monarchs
The Merchants
21
Footbinding in Song China, Veiling in the Dar-al-Islam, and Sati in Indian states are all examples of...
Social Stratification
Emerging feminism
Intensifying patriarchy
Social hierarchy
22
How did the Qing Empire use the Forbidden City below?
To assimilate the bureaucracy into Confucian principles.
To demonstrate and legitimize their absolute power to the public.
To train for and administer the civil service exams
To defend China from nomadic invaders.
23
Which of the following states incorporated a more elaborate centralization through the use of a scholar-bureaucracy?
Kingdom of France
Maya City-States
Delhi Sultanate
Song Empire
24
How did families and gender roles change in response to the Atlantic Slave Trade from c. 1450-1750?
Patriarchy was challenged in Africa
Polygamy increased in Africa
Slave families grew larger in the Americas
More females were exported to the Americas
25
What was the purpose of state construction of monumental architecture, like the Aztec Templo Mayor below?
To house growing populations
To encourage cultural toleration
To display the power and permanence of the state
To improve the standard of living
26
What played a more important role in distinguishing rulers from their colonial subjects?
Slavery
Gender
Race
Political Beliefs
27
How were Sub-Saharan African kingdoms (like Kongo and Asante) impacted by European trading posts there?
Warfare between them grew as demand for slaves increased
Europeans quickly colonized these regions
African states united to repel Europeans
Europeans refused to deal with African states
28
Extreme devotion to one's ethnic, cultural group to create new states/patriotism is called...
Patriotism
Colonization
Nationalism
Imperialism
29
Which of the following revolutions led to the radical overthrow of an absolute monarch and a Reign of Terror?
The Haitian Revolution
The Latin American Revolutions
The (North) American Revolution
The French Revolution
30
Which of the following was NOT an example of a technological or cultural transfer from the Dar-al-Islam?
Champa rice and silk production techniques
Preservation of Greek and Roman texts
Algebra and Arabic Numerals
Navigational and astronomical tools - telescope and astrolabe
31
How did the Mongol Empire (and other states) promote interregional trade and travel?
Maintained infrastructure (roads, walls, bridges, canals)
All of the above
Issued currencies and taxed/regulated trade
Protected merchants and travelers
32
Which of the following faiths represented a syncretic blend of Islam and Hinduism?
Daoism
Sikhism
Sufism
Shintoism
33
European Imperialism was driven by all of the following EXCEPT
civilizing mission and the White Man's Burden
New markets to sell manufactured goods
More natural resources to support growing industry
To recover territories lost in WW1
34
Why are the Mongols MOST significant to world history?
Genghis khan had millions of descendents
Cavalry and siege tactics and technologies used
Uniting Eurasia and diffusing technologies like paper-making and gunpowder
Building an empires from tribes of herders
35
All of the following motivated initial Western European transoceanic exploration EXCEPT:
To set up settler colonies to control vast territories
Desire to spread Christianity to new lands
To build prestige for an explorer and their sponsoring kingdom
To locate a direct sea route to South and Eastern Asia for luxury markets
36
What were the demographic consequences of the Columbian Exchange on the Americas' indigenous peoples (W. Hemisphere)?
Population explosion due to new crops
Catastrophic population decline due to diseases, like smallpox
Increasing sizes of families
Migration of Native Americans to Europe and Africa
37
Which state grew powerful from control and development of the Trans-Saharan network?
Kingdom of Ethiopia
Swahili City-States
Mamluk Sultanate
Mali Empire
38
As religious devotion grew, so did states using religious warfare to accomplish goals. Which is NOT a religious war?
Jihad of Middle East and N. Africa
The Great Schism
The Crusades
Reconquista of Spain
39
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Modern Era?
Industrialization of the Economy
Global Migrations Intensify
The Rise of Nationalism through Revolutions
Global Conflicts that Weakened Empires
40
What did the Young Turks advocate?
A strengthening of the Ottoman empire based on sharia law
A renewed war against the west
a secular more democratic Turkish nation
A renewed interest conquest of Christian countries
41
Colonial economies depended on coerced labor systems to operate mines and cash-crop plantations including all EXCEPT:
The mita system
Convict Labor
The Encomienda/Hacienda
Indentured Servitude
42
What were the demographic consequences of the Columbian Exchange on the populations of Afro-Eurasia (E. Hemisphere)?
New, nutritious staple crops led to boom in populations
Disease epidemics reduced populations
Africa isolated itself from exchanges
Migrations slowed across the Atlantic
43
Which of the following is a correct example of Imperialism outside of the U.S. and Europe?
Germeny's conquest of regions of Africa
Australia's expansion into New Zealand
Mexico's conquest of parts of Canada
Japan's takeover of Taiwan and Korea
44
Which region saw a golden age of rising economic and political influence in the Early Modern Era?
East Asia
Western Europe
The Middle East
The Americas
45
Which of the following revolutions was the first to overthrow the authority of an empire and establish a democracy?
The (North) American Revolution
The French Revolution
The Latin American Revolution
The Haitian Revolution
46
What AP World Region is identified on this map in ORANGE?
South America
Latin America
North America
Mesoamerica
47
Which group benefited the most from the Industrial Revolution?
Women
Middle Class
Working Class
Aristocracy
48
Why do so many trade networks expand and increase their volumes during from 600-1450 CE?
New technologies of trade and protection of states/empires
Empires fell and taxes were not charged as often
A massive population boom caused by new agricultural methods
The Black Death pandemic ended
49
What goods were exported from WEST AFRICA along the Trans-Saharan network?
Gold, salt, slaves
Ivory, animal skins, exotic woods
Glassware, incense, dyes, rugs
Wine, olives, wool textiles
50
How did networks of exchange become GLOBAL after 1450?
Migrations of peoples from the Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Eurasia became linked to Sub-Saharan Africa
Travelers moved from one side of Eurasia to another
The Americas were integrated into European empires
51
The image below is an example of what practice, used to legitimize the rule of a monarch?
Tributary Systems
Feudal Obligations
Divine Right of Kings
Mandate of Heaven
52
All of the following factors contributed to industrialization in the late 1700s EXCEPT:
Accumulation of capital investment
Availability of a labor force
A large population
Access to raw material such as coal, timber, iron
53
What environmental knowledge and adaptations allowed for increased volumes of trade in the Indian Ocean?
The Monsoon Wind Patterns
Ocean currents in the Pacific
Knowledge of Typhoons
The Trade Winds of the Atlantic
54
Which of the following is an example of how states/empires facilitated commerce in the Post-Classical Era?
Merchant construction of caravanserai
Hiring of privateers to raid rival shipping routes
Expanding tax farming privileges to local nobles
Song expansion of the Grand Canal
55
What is industrialization?
The process of using machines to produce goods in factories.
The process of migrating into cities
The process of using manual labor to cultivate cash-crops
The process of using coerced labor to improve public works
56
Which of the following is an example of economic imperialism?
the Opium Wars
the Scramble for Africa
the Boxer Rebellion
the Russo-Japanese War
57
All of these were Land-Based Early Modern Empires that used gunpowder and absolutism to expand EXCEPT:
The Ottoman Empire
The Qing/Manchu Empire
The Russian Empire
The Portuguese Empire
58
What are the dates covered on the AP World: Modern Exam?
600 CE to 2000 CE
600 BCE to 600 CE
Beginnings to c.2000 CE
1200 CE to 2000 CE
59
What was the main idea of the Enlightenment, that helped spark the Atlantic Revolutions of the Modern Era?
Traditions should be protected
Monarchs have divine authority to rule
The Upper Classes should be abolished
Human reason can solve problems
60
What AP World Region is identified on this map in YELLOW?
South Asia
Middle East
East Asia
Southeast Asia
61
How did empires increase tax revenues to fund growing militaries and construction projects?
Tax farming, increasing tribute, and tariffs from trade
Deregulating trade to make markets free
Reducing taxes to encourage more trade volumes
Sponsoring joint-stock companies
62
CONTEXT: Which of the following major developments did NOT occur during the Early Modern Era?
Increasing use of coerced systems of labor
The decline of land-based empires and monarchs
The rise of gunpowder-based land and maritime empires
The Globalization of Networks of Exhange
63
All of the following technologies facilitated the growth of land-based networks from 600-1450 EXCEPT:
The compass
Caravanserai
The Astrolabe
The saddle
64
Where were the bulk of European colonies located in the Early Modern Era?
East and South Asia
The Americas
Sub-Saharan Africa
Australia, SE Asia, and Oceania
65
These organizations were created by European merchants and nobles and were often given state monopolies to export goods
Joint-Stock Companies
Banking Houses
Stock Markets
Limited Liability Corporations (LLCs)
66
Why did states and empires of the Post-Classical era increasingly sponsor specific religions?
To unify diverse peoples and legitimize rule
To reduce religious conflicts
To provide protection to minorities
To provide spiritual enrichment
67
What years represent the MODERN ERA in world history?
c.1200-1450 CE
c.1450-1750 CE
c.1750-1900 CE
c.600-1450 CE
68
All of the following social reform movements were inspired by Enlightenment ideals EXCEPT:
Cult of Domesticity Movement
Abolition Movement
Universal Manhood Suffrage Movement
Early Feminist Movement
69
How did the Aztec (Mexica) Empire use the tribute system to consolidate power in Mesoamerica?
To provide gifts to local leaders to ensure loyalty
To encourage migration into the Aztec Empire
To seize captives as slaves and offer them as sacrifices
To distribute food to outlying villages
70
Which of the following nation-states unified in the Modern Era from fragmented kingdoms and city-states?
Canada and Australia
Mexico and Argentina
Greece and Serbia
Germany and Italy
71
Which diasporic community could be found in the Mediterranean and along the Indian Ocean?
The Chinese
The Arabs
The Jews
The Indians and Malays
72
The casta system created a new group of elites known as _________ that used racial ideologies to cement their power.
Peninsulares
Mulattoes
Creoles
Mestizos
73
The centralization of production of goods organized by a highly specialized division of unskilled labor is called...
Guild Organizations
Craft Production
Trade Unions
The Factory System
74
Where did the Industrial Revolution begin and spread c.1750 to 1900 CE?
Britain to the US and Western Europe, then Japan
Western Europe to Japan, then Russia
Germany to Russia and then to the US
Japan to the US and Western Europe
75
How did Ming China and the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan respond to increasing European involvement the the E. Hemisphere?
Restricted contacts and isolated from Europeans
Invested in developing more advanced gunpowder techs.
Sent their over transoceanic voyages to the Americas
Waged direct wars against European empires
76
All of the following were Enlightenment ideas EXCEPT:
Divine Right of Kings
Protection of Natural Rights
Social Contract Theory
Popular Sovereignty
77
Which forms of government were established in the United States, France, Haiti, and in Latin American nation-states?
Khanates
Democratic Republics
Communist Regimes
Caliphates
78
Which of the following is an example of resistance to imperialism in the 19th century?
the Taiping Rebellion
Social Darwinism
Sepoy Mutiny
Apartheid
79
The rapid diffusion of the Black Death in the 1300s reveals WHAT characteristic of the Post-Classical Era?
Secular thinking became more popular
Diseases diffused along well-integrated networks
Regions were isolated and influenced very little by trade
States were too small and decentralized to respond to the pandemic
80
Political ideals from the Enlightenment were reflected in all of these documents EXCEPT:
The Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
The Jamaica Letter
The Communist Manifesto
81
What AP World Region is identified on this map in PURPLE?
Middle East
East Africa
Noth Africa
West Africa

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