The Enlightement Vocab Test

Question 1

1776 statement, issued by the Second Continental Congress, explaining why the colonies wanted independence from Britain.

Accepted Answer

Declaration of Independence

Question 2

The Church did not like his discoveries, and he was tried by Inquisition and threatened w/death unless he recanted.

Accepted Answer

Galileo Galilel

Question 3

Wrote that power be separated between executive, legislative, and judicial branches, each balancing out the other

Accepted Answer

Baron de Montesquieu

Question 4

The Enlightenment thinker were supportive of Divine right rule?

Accepted Answer

False

Question 5

Built an observatory and compiled data for the *Rudolphine Tables*, a new table of planetary data.

Accepted Answer

Tycho Brahe

Question 6

René Descartes is known as the father as modern philosophy

Accepted Answer

True

Question 7

Discovered the circulation of blood through veins and arteries & the first to explain that the heart worked like a pump

Accepted Answer

William Harvey

Question 8

A belief that opinions & actions should be based on reason & knowledge rather than on religious belief.

Accepted Answer

Rationalism

Question 9

Belief that people are free & equal by natural right in turn requires that all people give their consent to be governed

Accepted Answer

Social Contract

Question 10

Theory that the sun is at the center of the universe

Accepted Answer

Heliocentric Theory

Question 11

Method of procedure that has characterized natural science the 17th century, systematic observation, measurement, etc

Accepted Answer

Scientific Method

Question 12

View of the universe in which people believed that the earth was located at the center of the universe.

Accepted Answer

Geocentric Theory

Question 13

He embraced heliocentric theory of the universe; elliptical orbits of planets; Three laws of planetary motion

Accepted Answer

Johann Kepler

Question 14

Intellectual movement in Europe, initially associated with planetary motion, aspects of physics & mathematic theories

Accepted Answer

Scientific Revolution

Question 15

A philosopher who advocated for doubting all sources of truth in order to develop a rational understanding of reality

Accepted Answer

Rene Descartes

Question 16

Enlightenment era belief that there is a God, but that God isn't involved in people's lives.

Accepted Answer

Deism

Question 17

Someone who goes against accepted religious beliefs

Accepted Answer

Heretic

Question 18

•scientists did not believe that their discoveries were in conflict with religious belief.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 19

A government that divides the powers of government between the national government and state or provincial governments

Accepted Answer

Federal System

Question 20

Formulated the theory of natural rights, arguing that people are born with basic rights to "life, liberty, and property"

Accepted Answer

John Locke

Question 21

18th century European monarchs who was inspired by Enlightenment ideas to rule justly and respect the rights of subjects

Accepted Answer

Enlightened despot

Question 22

The Bill of Rights is the collective name for the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution

Accepted Answer

Bill of Rights

Question 23

Galileo was convicted as a herectic.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 24

English advocate for women's rights who argued that women were not naturally inferior to men or less rational.

Accepted Answer

Mary Wollstonecraft

Question 25

Opposed a government favoring a religion. Believed that people should choose Religious beliefs. supported deism

Accepted Answer

Volataire

Question 26

System that allows each branch of govt to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power

Accepted Answer

Checks & Balances

Question 27

Philosopher who felt all people were born equal, but became corrupted by society, opposed nobility, Majority should rule

Accepted Answer

Jacques Rousseau

Question 28

Proved that the Ptolemaic system was inaccurate, he proposed the theory that the sun was the center of the solar system.

Accepted Answer

Nicolaus Copernicus

Question 29

Deistic or materialistic writers and thinkers of the 18th century French Enlightenment

Accepted Answer

Philosophes

Question 30

English writer Formalized the empirical method into a general theory of inductive reasoning known as empiricism

Accepted Answer

Francis Bacon

Question 31

Deism was a common practice in Christianity

Accepted Answer

False

Question 32

A movement that emphasized science and reason as guides to help see the world more clearly

Accepted Answer

Enlightenment

Question 33

That society should be governed by certain ethical principles that are part of nature and can be understood by reason.

Accepted Answer

Natural Law

Question 34

An Italian humanist that paid for his ideas for the Heliocentric theory by being burned at the stake.

Accepted Answer

Giordano Bruno

Question 35

Defined the laws of motion and gravity. Tried to explain motion of the universe.

Accepted Answer

Isaac Newton

The Enlightement Vocab Test

Questions 35

The Enlightement Vocab Test

Questions 35