Strayer, Ch. 1 Before 1200, Patterns in World History

Muslim community of believers that replaced tribal and ethnic identities

land-based trade network lasted over 1,500 years, linking China and the Mediterranean world

founder of Buddhism

Chinese wisdom tradition focused on social/political harmony, morality, filial piety; based on philospher

one of the earliest monotheistic religions; Ten Commandments; Hebrews

major sacred texts in Hinduism; described Brahman and more unifying philosophy about ultimate reality

represented mystic element of Islam; sought direct and personal experience of the Divine; also spread Islam

founder of Islam

male superiority and dominance

new, more appealing form of Hinduism; focus on devotion to particular deities using song, dance, prayers, rituals

learned, Muslim scholars who served as judges, administrators, prayer leaders and passed on the core teachings of Islam

branch of Buddhism; Buddha not divine; focus on meditation/ rigorous practice of monks and nuns; teaching of the Elders

Muslim holy book

land-based trade that linked North Africa with the Mediterranean world and peoples of West Africa

boat-based trade linking the Indian Ocean and the South China sea with Africa and the Middle East

Major Chinese dynasty that adopted Confucian philosophy and shaped Chinese culture and politics for centuries

Chinese wisdom tradition focused on nature, and the Way, founded by Laozi

religion originated in India; named by outsiders; includes concepts of karma, moksha, and reincarnation

branch of Buddhism that is more accessible; Buddha becomes divine; focus on compassion; spreads mostly in East Asia