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The Review
The Review
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AP European History Review
Flashcards
100 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
100
Answers
1
In the 16th century population
decreased
increased
2
Zwingli
believed in four of the original sacraments.
believed in animal sacrifices
did not believe in sacraments, harsh discipline.
Made a chocolate flavored eucharist waver
3
Art form: distorted human figures, unnatural colors, reached peak during reformation. El Greco
Impressionism
Baroque
Realism
Mannerism
4
Tried to convert England to Catholicism, had three protestant daughters, then had a son...
Victoria
Charles II
James II
Elizabeth I
5
Ruled for Louis XIV because he was too young. Put down the Fronde.
Louis XIV
Cromwell
Mazarin
Racine
6
First scientist to use a telescope, wrote Starry Messenger based on planetary motion
Johann Kepler
Galileo Galilei
Tycho Brahe
Sir Isaac Newton
7
Simony
church officials marrying and having children.
payment to forgive sin
the sale of church positions
having more than one position at one time
8
Art form: reaction to Mannerism, grandeur, emotional, Bernini, Rubens, Caravaggio
Baroque
Mannerism
Classicism
Impressionism
9
A LONG term cause of the Reformation.
The discontent with empty church rituals.
the ideals of Michaelangelo.
the philosophy of humanism
The taste of the Eucharist wafers.
10
wrote Don Quixote, a satire focused on the gap between rich and poor, society and politics
Cervantes
Sheakespeare
Michel de Montaigne
Racine
11
The innovator who created Convertible Husbandry
Charles Townshend
John Deere
Jethro Tull
James Watt
12
A LONG term cause of the Reformation
people were accumulating vast sums of money
increase in education
The rise of the love of art.
the movement towards a more personal way to talk to god.
13
Ruler of Brandenburg-Prussia who built a strong army, gained land, and used intimidation.
Maria Theresa
Frederick William the Great Elector
Leopold I
Charles VI
14
Passed the petition of right despite being an absolutist. Ruled for 11 years w/o Parliament
Elizabeth I
Charles I of England
Henry VIII
James I
15
The positive effects of the scientific revolution include
gain of knowledge, greater toleration, further developments
focus on religion, shiny happy people, no more mysteries.
loss of faith, new developments, more anwers to questions
loss of innocence, greater toleration, freedom
16
He created a religion based on faith alone, not good works and sacraments.
Johann Tetzel
Martin Luther
Martin Luther King
Jan Hus
17
The first country to Industrialize
America
Spain
Great Britain
France
18
What are the four causes of the Renaissance
The Greeks, the Romans, trade and the church
Greeks, trade, competition between people, the church
Crusades, Church, trade, competition between people
The Reformation, the Crusades, the Church and trade
19
The great trap dedicated to taming the aristocracy. A constant party. The center of culture.
El Escorial
Versailles
Room 116
Buckingham Palace
20
Protestantism appealed to the nobles because
the feeling of rebellion
the taste of the Eucharist wafers
The concept of the individual - you are your own priest.
no tithe to pay
21
A humanist wrote the Decameron. A story of how young people escaped the plague
Castiglione
Pico
Boccaccio
Petrarch
22
The conference where Luther was to be arrested and his work burned. He escaped and hid.
Treaty of Portsmouth
Council of Trent
Confessions of Augsburg
Diet of Worms
23
Humanism is a(n)
religion
philosophy
art form
behavior
24
One of Louis XIV's advisors tried to build up an army to fight the Netherlands
Mazarin
Colbert
Cromwell
Versailles
25
A successful queen who used propaganda to sense the mood of her people, but left succession ?'s
Victoria
Katherine
Elizabeth I
Isabella
26
In the 17th century population
increased
decreased
27
A great astronomer from ancient times. Stated the earth was the center of the universe.
Aristotle
Galen
Ptolemy
Plato
28
Protestantism appealed to the middle class.
Luther rebelled so we can too.....
a simple religion for the illiterate to understand.
the wine was better in Protestantism.
Now they could read the bible themselves
29
After 1715, what three Imperial powers began to decline
Portugal, the Dutch, England
Spain, the Dutch, England
Portugal, Spain, England
Spain, the Dutch, Portugal
30
Ruler of the HRE, established a court like Versailles. Relied heavily on a privy council.
Leopold I
Frederick William
Charles III
Henry VIII
31
Characteristics of Renaissance Art
flat, religious, detailed background, emotional
lacked a background, linear, realistic
lack of depth and background, emotional, perspective.
good depth, Linear, perspective, realistic, signs of emotion
32
Swedish King. Military genius, obsessed with war,. Made mistakes in the Great Northern War
Ivan
Charles XII
Frederick II
Peter
33
A short term cause of the Reformation
the printing press
The Renaisance
The growth in the belief of the individual.
The growth of trade lines
34
Invented the essay, influenced by skepticism. Acting right was more important than doctrine
Cromwell
Michel De Montaigne
Racine
Castiglione
35
A short term cause of the Reformation was
The Crusades
The development of art and education.
Jan Hus and the church of the faithful
The growth of the middle class.
36
He executed the King in 1649, purged Parliament of all dissenters, became a military dictator.
Oliver Cromwell
Charles II
William of Orange
Cardinal Richelieu
37
Louis XIV attempted to unify France
creating a secret police
by revoking the Edict of Nantes, employing intendants.
Revoking the Edict of Nantes, secret police,raising taxes.
raising taxes, constant wars, creating a central bank.
38
Used empiricism to develop a political system the state of nature is constant war Leviathan
Cromwell
Hobbes
Locke
Charles VII
39
The sun king, built Versailles, a standing army. I am the state.
Charles V
Louis X
Louis XIV
Mazarin
40
Rationalism (a.k.a deduction)
advocated by Descartes, the senses cannot lie
an ideal society based on science.
described the three laws of motion.
idea based on everything being made for a specific purpose
41
Empiricism (a.k.a induction)
everything is made for a purpose
philosophy put forth in The Theory of Inertia
advocated by Bacon, described a society based on science
supported working from the general to the particular
42
The First humanist, admired Greece and Roman, Lawyer, cleric, and writer
Petrarch
Pico
Boccaccio
Castiglione
43
Characteristics of Medieval Art include
Linear, lack of background, not realistic, calm
contrapposto, lack of depth, religious, calm
great depth, religious, colorful, realistic
lack of depth and background, religious, not realistic, calm
44
The four causes of the Scientific Revolution were
technology, the Renaissance, absolutism, magic
bad theories, rediscovering the ancients, magic, technology
The Reformation, technology, the ancients, and magic
bad current theories, the ancients, warfare, trade
45
The basic tenents of Lutheran doctrine was stated in the
Ninety-Five Thesis
The Diet of Worms
Augsburg Confession
Council of Trent
46
A group of Humanists who believed in studying the grand ideas of Plato.
Philosophes
Neoplatonists
Civil Humanists
Masaccios
47
The definition of Reformation is
The rebirth of the Catholic Chuch
a rebirth of art and culture.
Splitting of the church into Catholicism and Protestantism
A period of economic growth.
48
The Merry Monarch signed the Treaty of Dover with France in to turn England back to Catholicism
Elizabeth I
James II
Charles II
Frances IV
49
Consisted of two phases, the King vs Parliament and Parliament vs Parliament's army.
French Civil War 1632-1635
Spanish Civil War - 1640-1645
Austrian Civil War 1623-1642
English Civil War 1642-1649
50
Humanism has four essential parts
love of Italy, art, trade and the individual
Trade, , art, the Church and the individual
love of Greece, life, humans, and attention
The Greeks, Romans, trade and the church
51
Humanist writer - The Courtier - a manual of proper behavior
Petrarch
Castiglione
Boccaccio
Pico
52
Art form: attempt to awe the viewer, Return to ancient values. Poussin
Mannerism
Neo-Impressionism
Classicism
Baroque
53
1. educated the bureaucracy. 2. made landlords into a class of nobility 3. East India Company.
British control of Ireland
The state of all colonies.
The war of the Roses
Ways British took control of India
54
Polish priest and astronomer developed the sun-centered theory
Isaac Newton
Nicolaus Copernicus
Johann Kepler
Tycho Brahe
55
Indulgences
sale of church positions.
The biggest money maker for the church payment to excuse sin
control by a particular family
church officials married and having children
56
Donatello (1386-1466)
a sculptor who focused on the human body.
an architect who built the largest dome in Florence
a painter whose inspiration was the ancients.
a painter famous for solid bodies
57
War that broke out in 1756, ends in 1759. Won by the British because they dominated the seas.
Crimean War
Great War for Empire, The Seven Years war, French/Indian War
Star Wars
The War of the Roses
58
Help to unite Spain, overhauled admin, weakened the clergy, removed Muslims.
Peter and Katherine
Ferdinand and Isabella
Mike and Molly
Elizabeth and Phillip
59
born in 1629, quickly worked to westernize Russia
Peter
Ivan
Sophia
Kathering
60
founder of the Tudor dynasty, conservative, strengthened the crown, built the treasury.
Henry VIII of England
Francis the Bold of Austria
Henry VII of England
William the Conquerer of Sweden
61
He invented the water frame, able to twist fibers into thread using water
Jethro Tull
Edmund Cartwright
Richard Arkwright
James Watt
62
Came to London from Scotland, a believer in divine right caught up in religious controversy
Charles XVII
Francis V
Peter the Great
James I
63
The definition of Renaissance is
The rebirth of Culture
the rebirth of humanism
The rebirth of politics
the rebirth of art
64
wrote plays with timeless themes on human behavior. Covered a wide range of emotions and topic
Michel de Cervantes
Racine
Cervantes
William Shakespeare
65
perfected the seed drill. A nobleman, also very interested in agriculture.
Cromwell
Jethro Tull
Charles Townshend
James Watt
66
Ninety-five thesis - Oct 31, 1517
Justification of the scriptures
The Catholic Church's response to the Reformation
Jan Hus statement on indulgences.
Luther's charges against the Catholic Church
67
Laws of Motion, laws of Universal Gravitation
Galilei
Sir Isaac Newton
Bruno
Tycho Brahe
68
Pluralism
church officials getting married and having children
selling forgiveness for sins
having more than one position at a time.
control by a particular family
69
Negative effects of the Scientific Revolution include
loss of God, gain of knowledge, helped progress
gain of knowledge, loss of innocence, loss of God.
loss of innocence, loss of faith, skepticism
loss of faith, greater tolerance, skepticism
70
During this century, England's population sky rocketed jumping from 120 million to 190 million.
22nd
17th
18th
15th
71
Brunelleschi
painter famous for solid bodies
an architect who created the largest dome in Florence
the first painter since the ancients to show nudes.
a famous sculptor whose focus was the human body
72
Raphael (1483-1520)
"The" Renaissance man - scientist, painter, sculptor.
early Renaissance painter who focused on Nudes.
High Renaissance painted with a sense of luxury.
painter whose mastery of perspective produced works of peace
73
Giotto (1267-1337)
emphasis on nature
First painter to show nudes in his work since the ancients
Early Renaissance, expression of human emotion, solid bodies
High Renaissance, nude sculptures
74
A war between Russia, Poland, and Sweden.Russian victory and them gaining the Baltic Provinces.
The Battle for St. Petersburg
The War of Austrian Succession
The Great Northern War
The War of the Roses
75
Greatest philosopher of ancient times Viewed as an authority on physics no movement w/o a mover
Aristotle
Plato
Galen
Ptolemy
76
A short term cause of the Reformation is
the philosophy of humanism
the Renaissance
the work of John Wycliffe who wanted a simplified church
increase in trade
77
Protestantism appealed to the peasants because
the could read the bible on their own
there was no tithe to pay
there was not more church-owned land
there was a message of equality.
78
Leonardo...(1452-1519)
High Renaissance artist, scientist, writer and inventor.
early Renaissance artist, scientist, writer, and inventor.
High Renaissance artist who used perspective
79
Stargazer who recorded six years of data from watching the skies. Left work to his apprentice
Sir Isaac Newton
Tycho Brahe
Galileo
Johann Kepler
80
A LONG term cause of the Reformation
The Renaissance
The growth of a secular king and decline of the pope.
Chocolate Chip Cookies.
The Middle Ages
81
Monteverdi
designed Mont Vernon.
A guy Wilder never talked about ever.
sculptor, painter, overall master artist.
invented the concept of opera and orchestra.
82
The Glorius Revolution
created the Anglican Church
installed William of Orange and Mary as co-monarchs.
made Elizabeth I Queen of England
Ended the English Civil war
83
Made the most changes of any new monarch in France, reorganized the gov't, formed inner council
Charles VIII of France
Louis XI
Francis I of France
Peter the Great
84
The eradication of the communal field system in England.
tenant farming.
Crop Rotation
Enclosure Movement
Seigneurialism
85
began his reign after the 100 years war, helped to reestablish the crown's power.
George V
Louis XII of France
Katherine the Great.
Henry VIII of England
86
a war to gain the Spanish throne for Louis XIV.
The War of the Roses.
The War of Spanish Succession
The Fronde
The 100 Year's War
87
The Middle Ages began in ..... and ended in .....
100 BC and 1000 AD
500 AD and 1450 AD
1000 AD and 1600 AD
1580 BC and 1000 BC
88
Treaty that ends the Seven years war. Gave Canada to Britain
Who cares, it's Canada
Treat of Brest-Litsofsky
Treaty of Versailles
Treaty of Paris
89
more radical than his father broke with Catholic Church, created a system of administration
Henry VII of England
Henry VIII of England
Elizabeth of France
Charles V of Austria
90
Michelangelo (1475-1564)
The architect made the worlds largest dome in Florence
painter, poet, architect. Focused on individuals strength.
Early Renaissance painter used human expression
experimented with poetry, architecture, and sculpture.
91
Tabula Rasa, social contract, Government is formed to protect rights
Locke
Hobbes
Picaso
Hume
92
Charles Daughter, heir to the throne in 1740, he left her broke and facing rebellions.
Isabella
Victoria
Elizabeth
Maria Theresa
93
Instead of leaving a field fallow, plant turnip to replenish land and feed animals
enclosure movement
crop rotation
Convertible husbandry
wicked cool farming stuff
94
Invented the steam engine worked with the maker of the water frame, PRESTO, factories were made
Edmund Cartwright
Richard Arkwright
Jethro Tull
James Watt
95
Inventor of the powerloom. Originally, flawed but by the 19th c. it changes the industry
Richard Arkwright
Edmund Cartwright
Jethro Tull
James Watt
96
Rebellion by Nobles in France 1648-1653
Eucharist wafer war
Fronde
The Jacobites
civil unrest
97
A LONG term cause of the Reformation
the fiscal crisis in the Church that led to corruption.
the push back against humanism
New trade routes and connections between people.
a renewed sense of moral behavior
98
A short term cause of the Reformation
The Renaissance
The Middle Ages
decrease in trade
The Avignon exile and the Great Schism
99
Calvin (1509-1564) created Calvinism which believed
nailed the 95 thesis to the church door
believed in consubstantiation
all people equal in God's eyes believed in predestination.
Hobbes is his best friend
100
Scottish philosopher. unrestricted self interest, laissez-faire economics.
Adam Smith
Jules Mazarin
Jeremy Bentham
Thomas Malthus
