World - Ch 5 - Classical Greece Vocab Review

a fortified hilltop in an ancient Greek city

traditional story about gods, ancestors, or heroes, told to explain the natural world or society

blind storyteller, who composed epics celebrating heroic deeds, notably the Iliad

a Greek city-state – the fundamental political unit of ancient Greece after about 750 B.C.

a humorous form of drama that often includes slapstick and satire

mathematician who taught in Alexandria, wrote Elements, a book containing 465 geometry propositions and proofs

a government in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling class or nobility

a long narrative poem celebrating the deeds of legendary or traditional heroes

a government in which power is in the hands of a single person

a government in which citizens rule directly rather than through representatives

an enormous Hellenistic statue that formerly stood near the harbor of Rhodes

critic of the Sophists, condemned to death for “corrupting the youth of Athens” and “neglecting the city’s gods”

a Greek-speaking people that migrated into mainland Greece after the destruction of the Mycenaean civilization

relating to the civilization, language, art, science, and literature of the Greek world

a powerful individual who gained control of a city-state’s government by appealing to the poor for support

a thinker who uses logic and reason to investigate the nature of the universe, human society, and morality

Persian king, fled the Macedonians to avoid capture, tried to negotiate a peace settlement with Alexander

student of Socrates, wrote The Republic, a book that set forth his vision of a perfectly governed society

a serious form of drama dealing with the downfall of a heroic or noble character

Macedonian king, son of Philip II, conquered the Persian Empire and territory all the way beyond the Indus River Valley

a military formation of foot soldiers armed with spears and shields

an ancient kingdom north of Greece, whose ruler Philip II conquered Greece in 338 B.C.

a war fought around 1200 B.C., in which an army led by Mycenaean kings attacked the city of Troy in Anatolia

a government controlled by its citizens, either directly or through representatives

accurately estimated the value of pi, explained the law of the lever, invented the Archimedes screw

in the society of ancient Sparta, a peasant bound to the land

questioned the nature of the world and of human belief, thought, and knowledge; work is the basis of scientific method

Egyptian city, became the foremost center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization

a government in which power is in the hands of a few people – especially one in which rule is based upon wealth

a series of wars in the fifth century B.C., in which Greek city-states battled the Persian Empire

Macedonian king, conquered Greece, murdered by a former guardsman, had a son Alexander who took his place as king

a war in which Athens and its allies were defeated by Sparta and its allies

the art of ancient Greece and Rome, in which harmony, order, and proportion were emphasized 

an Indo-European person who settled on the Greek Mainland around 2000 B.C.