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Chapter 3: Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 3: Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter
Ag-109 has 62 neutrons. The neutral atom has
The charge on an ion is
Chapter 3: Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter
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1
The charge on an ion is
Zero
Always positive
Always negative
Either positive or negative
2
Ag-109 has 62 neutrons. The neutral atom has
47 electrons
62 electrons
53 electrons
40 electrons
3
An electrically neutral atom of mercury has
80 protons and 80 electrons
80 protons and 80 neutrons
40 protons and 40 electrons
80 neutron and 80 electrons
4
An example of the law of multiple proportions is the existence of:
O2 and O3
FeCl2 and Fe(NO3)2
FeCl3 and Fe(SO4)3
CO and CO2
5
Atoms of the same element can differ in:
Mass number
Number of protons and electrons
Atomic number
Chemical properties
6
Millikan's experiements led to the determination
of the electron's positive charge
that the electron carries no charge
of the approximate value of the electron's mass
that the electron has no mass
7
The average atomic mass of calcium is 40.0 u. What is the mass of 4.00 mol of calcium?
0.1 grams
160 grams
160 moles
0.1 moles
8
Dalton's atomic theory helped explain the law of conservation of mass because it stated atoms
Were invisible
Could not be created or destroyed
All had the same mass
Could not combine
9
Most of the volume of an atom is made up of the:
Electron cloud
Protons
Nuclides
Nucleus
10
A neutral carbon atom (atomic number 6) has
3 protons and 3 electrons
3 protons and 3 neutrons
6 protons
3 electrons and 3 neutrons
11
In Rutherford's experiment, a small % of the + charged particles bombarding the metal's surface
Were slightly deflected as they passed through the metal
Were deflected back toward the source of the metal
Passed straight through the metal
Combined with the metal
12
All isotopes of hydrogen contain
Two electrons
One neutron
One electron
One proton
13
A positively charged particle with mass 1.673 x 10
ā24
g is a(n)
Neutron
Proton
Positron
Electron
14
Because most particles fired at metal foil passed straight through, Rutherford concluded that
Atoms contained no charged particles
Atoms were mostly empty space
Electrons formed the nucleus
Atoms were indivisible
15
The basic principles of atomic theory that are still recognized today were first conceived by:
Rutherford
Bohr
Dalton
Thomson
16
A negatively charged ion has:
More protons than neutrons
More protons than electrons
More electrons than protons
More electrons than neutron
17
An atom of potassium has 19 protons and 20 neutrons. What is its mass number?
39
19
20
10
18
What was Rutherford's conclusion after his gold-foil experiment?
Alpha particles were a poor choice for this experiment.
There is a dense region of positive charge in the atom.
Thomson's plum pudding model of the atom was accurate.
Light was emitted by electrons returning to ground state.
19
Magnesium has three common isotopes. Based on its average atomic mass, which is the most common
Magnesium - 26
Magnesium - 12
Magnesium - 25
Magnesium - 24
20
How many neutrons does Zn-66 have?
33 neutrons
30 neutrons
36 neutrons
96 neutrons
21
Carbon-14, the radioactive nuclide used in dating fossils, has
6 neutrons
8 neutrons
10 neutrons
14 neutrons
22
It was experimentally determined NaCl consists of 40% by mass Na, and 60% by mass Cl. What % Na is in your salt shakers?
60%
100%
1%
40%
23
The smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element is:
An atom
A proton
An electron
An isotope
24
Calcium-48 contains
20 neutrons
48 protons
20 electrons
28 protons
25
What is the mass number of a electron?
1 amu
0.00001 amu
0 amu
-1 amu
26
What is the mass number of a neutron?
-1 amu
0 amu
1 amu
0.00001 amu
27
How many grams is 6.022e23 atoms of Helium?
1.008 g
1 g
4.003 g
1 mol
28
What is the mass number of a proton?
1 amu
0.00001 amu
0 amu
-1 amu
29
The atomic symbol for Lithium,
7
3
Li, indicates that the:
Atomic number is 3
Atomic number is equal to 7 - 3
Mass number is 3
Atomic number is 7
30
In a neutral atom, there are equal numbers of:
Neutrons and electrons
Protons, neutrons and electrons
Protons and neutrons
Protons and electrons
31
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an isotope is called its ___ number.
Weight
Atomic
Relative
Mass
32
How many atoms are in 2 moles of Potassium (K)? Average atomic mass of 40 u.
1.2044e-24 atoms
1.2044e24 atoms
80 atoms
0.05 atoms
33
A nuclear particle that has about the same mass as a proton, but with no electrical charge is:
A nuclide
An electron
An isotope
A neutron
34
The discovery of the electron resulted from experiments using
Cathode rays
Gold foil
Neutrons
Alpha particles
35
The number of protons in the nucleus of an element is called its _____ number.
Ionic
Mass
Atomic
Isotope
36
The average atomic mass of an element is the average of the atomic masses of its
Two most abundant isotopes
Nonradioactive isotopes
Naturally occurring isotopes
Artificial isotopes
37
The behavior of cathode rays led scientists to conclude that rays were composed of ___.
negative particles
positive particles
energy
neutral particles
38
How many electrons does the Ca
2+
ion have?
20
22
40
18
39
How are isotopes of the same element similar?
They have the same mass
They have the same number of protons
They are equally abundant in nature
They have the same number of neutrons
40
How many protons and electrons does the O
2-
ion have?
8 protons and 6 electrons
8 protons and 8 electrons
8 protons and 10 electrons
6 protons and 8 electrons
41
Atoms of one element that have different masses are called:
Ions
Nucleotides
Nucleoids
Isotopes
42
An aluminum isotope consists of 13 protons, 13 electrons, and 14 neutrons. Its mass number is
27
14
13
40
