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Earth Science FINAL Exam Review
Earth Science FINAL Exam Review
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High School Earth Science NCFE Review
Flashcards
85 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
How does energy from earthquakes travel?
as seismic waves
as light
as sound
as pulses
2
Which weather change is most likely indicated by rapidly falling air pressure?
humidity is decreasing
storm is approaching
skies are clearing
temperature is decreasing
3
Which of the following processes will decrease salinity?
ocean water freezing
evaporation
precipitation
rich runoff from land
4
A disadvantage of using fossil fuels as an energy resource is ___.
burning fossil fuels is relatively simple
heat released during combustion can be used for electricity
gases released during combustion can form acid rain
produces large amounts of energy
5
What are the three main plate boundaries?
transform, convergent, strikeslip
transform, divergent, reverse
convergent, strikeslip, normal
transform, convergent, divergent
6
A ___ front brings fair to good weather.
occluded front
stationary front
warm front
cold front
7
Over what geologic feature was Hawaii formed?
subduction zone
hot spot
convergent boundary
focus
8
Has organisms with special adaptations to a hot, dry climate.
desert
tundra
coniferous forest
steppe
9
When water seeps into the cracks of rocks, freezes, and expands is called ___.
chemical weathering
frost wedging
bedload
erosion
10
Which of the following is an abiotic factor in a biome?
insect species
mosses and algae
trees
average temperature
11
What is the point between two celestial objects that they each orbit around?
barycenter
rotation
nutation
precession
12
Cold, dry air is associated with which type of air mass?
continental polar
continental tropical
maritime polar
maritime tropical
13
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a mineral?
definite chemical composition
solid
organic
naturally occurring
14
Which activity would be part of a logical plan for people to manage energy resources at home?
drive below speed limit to save gas
burn trash instead of putting it out for pickup
turn off all lights that are not in use
installing recycling centers
15
Non-renewable resources formed from buried remains of plants and animals that live long ago.
water and wood
natural gas and wood
natural gas and oil
coal and oil
16
At what point is the Earth farthest from the Sun?
apogee
perihelion
perigee
aphelion
17
What does transpiration mean?
evaporation from vegetation
water infiltration
abundance of oxygen
evaporation from ocean
18
What is the curving of the path of winds due to the Earth's rotation called?
doldrums
greenhouse effect
coriolis effect
doppler effect
19
Which soil texture has the smallest particle size?
gravel
silt
sand
clay
20
What is the change in orientation of our poles, shifting the seasons?
precession
perihelion
barycenter
nutation
21
The water table is found at the boundary between ___.
zone of aeration and delta
zone of saturation and percolation
zone of aeration and saturation
zones of delta and alluvial fan
22
On what day is the Earth at Perihelion?
winter solstice
summer solstice
spring equinox
autumnal equinox
23
Which two processes lead to cloud formation in rising air?
compressing and cooling
expanding and warming
compressing and warming
expanding and cooling
24
What powers the water cycle?
sun's energy
rain and snow
ocean currents
earth's core
25
Which of the following is not considered a greenhouse gas?
chlorine
methane
carbon dioxide
water vapor
26
An organism's unique survival strategy or role within a particular environment is called its __
niche
environment
habitat
biome
27
What do we call water that contains elements of both freshwater and saltwater?
partly salted
brownish
brackish
saltyfresh
28
A large area characterized by its climate and plants and animals that live there is called a __
organism
community
species
biome
29
Process of positively restoring land after it has been used is called ___.
reclamation
degradation
preservation
conservation
30
Resources that exist in limited amounts or is used faster than it is replaced are called ___.
preservation
renewable resources
non-renewable resources
conservation
31
The number and variety of organisms in a given area at a specific period of time is called ___.
habitat
biome
biodiversity
ecosystem
32
Which of the following refers to the area of land where all of the water drains?
stream load
watershed
water table
channel
33
What is another name for a primary consumer?
autotroph
omnivore
carnivore
herbivore
34
The study of all interacting biotic and abiotic factors on Earth is a part of the ___.
hydrosphere
atmosphere
geosphere
biosphere
35
What two atmospheric layers will have an increase in air temperature?
stratosphere/mesosphere
thermosphere/mesosphere
troposphere/stratosphere
stratosphere/thermosphere
36
What is most responsible for the seasons on Earth?
earth's tilt
earth's rotation
earth's distance from sun
earth's revolution around sun
37
Which type of volcano produces the most violet eruption and pyroclastic material?
shield
cinder cone
crater
composite
38
Global circular-moving surface currents are called ___.
gyres
waves
currents
tides
39
What gas makes up most of the atmosphere on Earth?
argon
nitrogen
oxygen
carbon dioxide
40
What is true about saltwater, as compared to fresh water?
it is denser
it is warmer
it is less dense
it is colder
41
Why is petroleum considered to be a non-renewable resource?
constantly forms within earth
requires a very long period to form
difficult to obtain and transport
releases harmful chemicals when burned
42
In the Northern Hemisphere, surface winds around the center of a hurricane move ___.
clockwise and inward
clockwise and outward
counterclockwise and inward
counterclockwise and outward
43
What has the greatest influence on Earth's tides?
moon
earth's rotation
sun
earth's core
44
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a material is called ___.
temperature inversion
isobars
specific heat
coriolis effect
45
What level of ecology studies various species in a given area?
community
population
individual
ecosystem
46
What is responsible for continental drift?
convection currents
tremors
earthquakes
gravity shifting
47
at what point in earth's revolution is it moving the fastest?
aphelion
apogee
perigee
perihelion
48
Which is not an agent of chemical weathering?
water
oxygen
wind
carbon dioxide
49
The general surface wind circulation associated with a high pressure center is ___.
clockwise and outward
clockwise and inward
counterclockwise and inward
counterclockwise and outward
50
This rock is composed of other types of rocks that is subjected to high pressure and heat.
sedimentary
intrusive igneous
metamorphic
extrusive igneous
51
Which of the following contains a list of ALL renewable resources?
water, oil, plants, natural gas
coal, water, oil, animals
air, soil, minerals, plants
petroleum, minerals, oil, water
52
What are rock and soil deposited by streams called?
stalagmites
sinkholes
sediment
aquifer
53
How does hydroelectric energy produce power?
flowing water spins turbines
tidal currents spin turbines
heat and steam within the earth produce electricity
splitting of atoms produces electricity
54
This rock is formed quickly on the surface of the Earth.
extrusive igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic
intrusive igneous
55
Which type of wind system is found between 0 and 30 degrees north latitude?
easterlies
trade winds
prevailing westerlies
doldrums
56
Which layer of the atmosphere is responsible for most weather and climate on Earth?
troposphere
thermosphere
stratosphere
mesosphere
57
Zebra mussels were introduced to new ecosystems where they did not originate. This is called __
non-native species
exotic
native species
endangered
58
What percent of Earth's water is potable?
10%
72%
97%
3%
59
What are the two major sources of energy that power the Earth?
water cycle and sun
earth's core and rock cycle
rock cycle and water cycle
sun and earth's core
60
Which of the following does not make up soil?
earthworms
decayed organic material
air
water
61
Which of the following is a result of physical/mechanical weathering?
karst topography
iron rusting
sand dunes
acidic groundwater
62
Which of the following is considered a renewable energy source?
geothermal
natural gas
coal
oil
63
This biome contains trees that lose its leaves, therefore enriching the topsoil.
coniferous forest
temperature deciduous forest
savanna
temperature grassland
64
Which is the best method of how the atmosphere is warmed?
by the ozone layer
by the lack of clouds in an area
by the ground, which receives energy from the sun
directly from the sun
65
What is the optimum climate for soil production and efficiency?
cold and wet
hot and dry
cold and dry
hot and wet
66
Which seismic wave is not able to travel through liquid material within Earth?
s-waves
tidal waves
surface waves
p-waves
67
What do we call the edges of land next to oceans?
plains
mountains
coasts
volcanoes
68
What is the most likely air mass system coming from Canada?
mP
mT
cT
cP
69
Which part of the hydrologic (water) cycle is working against gravity?
evaporation
condensation
infiltration
precipitation
70
What is the outermost layer of the Earth?
crust
asthenosphere
mantle
lithosphere
71
Which of the following consists of the four main agents of erosion?
water, wind, heat, gravity
water, ozone, heat, gravity
water, wind, ice, gravity
water, wind, ice, pollution
72
Runoff containing pesticides and fertilizer from neighborhood lawns is called ___.
fertilizer pollution
non-point source pollution
runoff pollution
point-source pollution
73
Amount of dissolved salt in water is called ___.
permeability
affinity
salinity
acidity
74
A cold air mass overtaking a warm air mass and replacing it is called a ____.
cold front
warm front
occluded front
stationary front
75
What is true about land, as compared to water?
it is warmer at night
it cools down slower
it heats up quicker
it heats up slower
76
The length of the day is based on ___.
moon orbiting the earth
rotation of earth on its axis
earth orbiting the sun
rotation of moon on its axis
77
What is one advantage of wind energy?
noise pollution
large open land is required
generates abundant electricity
expensive to install equipment
78
Which model states that the sun is in the center?
doppler effect
geocentric
greenhouse effect
heliocentric
79
What is formed at a divergent oceanic-oceanic boundary?
subduction zone
new ocean crust
volcanic island arc
trench
80
The exact spot on the surface where an earthquake is the most intense is know as the ___.
focus
hot spot
epicenter
fault
81
What is it called when the Sun and Moon's gravity work together to create super high/low tides?
neap tide
fall tide
roll tide
spring tide
82
The interaction of all of Earth's spheres is called a ___.
biome
ecosystem
system
group
83
What happens most often at divergent boundaries?
subduction
earthquakes
mid-ocean ridges
volcanoes
84
The most biologically diverse biome, yet has poor soil is the ___.
tundra
temperature grassland
tropical rainforest
taiga
85
How does the Sun's energy reach Earth?
convection
conduction
rotation
radiation