Chomsky believes that all we need to acquire language is

exposure to language in early childhood

Which is a good example of functional fixedness?

not using a dime as a screwdriver when you have lost yours

Hermann Ebbinghaus' forgetting curve indicates that

most forgetting occurs early on and then levels off

According to the levels of processing theory of memory,

deep processing involves rehearsal to ensure encoding

Dai was drunk & a friend drove him home. Next day, he couldn't recall where his car was until

he started drinking again. This is state-dependency memory

Unlike Skinner, Chomsky believes that children

are hard-wired for language acquistion

Which best illustrates episodic memory?

remembering that a clown was at your 5th birthday

The basketball players could remember main points but not details of coach's halftime talk.

This is because they encoded the information semantically.

Compared to convergent thinkers, to solve a problems, divergent thinks are more likely to:

think creatively and generate multiple answers

Sam forgot her grocery list at home. She had peas, corn, milk, apples, pears, eggs on it.

The law of primacy says she will remember peas, corn, milk

Syd (engineer) and Fran (teacher) are married. To assume that Syd is husband and Fran is wife

is representativeness heuristic

In the previous question, which items would be recalled in her short-term memory after writing

apples, pears, eggs (the last 3 items)

Which exemplifies retroactive interference?

Al failed Spanish test b/c he studied for Italian before it

the smallest unit of sound in a language

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Unit 6: Cognition

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Unit 6

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Questions 30

Answers

1
People often underestimate the amount of time it will take to complete a project because of
overconfidence
framing
belief perserverance
intuition
2
Chomsky believes that all we need to acquire language is
instruction in grammar
exposure to language in early childhood
imitation and drill
linguistic determination
3
Which is a good example of functional fixedness?
not solving a physics problem since you use the wrong rule
adding water to a cake mix when it calls for milk
not using a dime as a screwdriver when you have lost yours
using a blanket as a pillow
4
Hermann Ebbinghaus' forgetting curve indicates that
we are more likely yo forget items in the middle of a list
most forgetting occurs early on and then levels off
forgetting is related to many factors, but not time
we forget more rapidly as additional time passes
5
According to Sternberg, which of the following is not a component of creativity?
imaginative thinking skills
a creative environment
a position of ignorance
a venturesome personality
6
Phonemes are
units of meaning in a language
units of sound in a language
a form of syntax
the basis of grammer
7
According to the levels of processing theory of memory,
we can hold 7 items in short-term memory before its full
deep processing involves rehearsal to ensure encoding
we remember items that are repeated again and again
input, output, and storage are the 3 levels
8
Because it has all features commonly associated with the concept of bird, a robin is considered
a phenotype
a heuristic
a prototype
a schematic
9
Mental rehearsal can improve athletic performance because of the effectiveness of thinking in
semantics
phonemes
images
morphemes
10
The inability to see a problem from a fresh perspective is called
availability
confirmation bias
fixation
representativeness
11
Dai was drunk & a friend drove him home. Next day, he couldn't recall where his car was until
he started drinking again. This is state-dependency memory
he started drinking again. This is mood contingency effect
he started drinking again. This is anterograde amnesia
he started drinking again. This is the framing effect
12
Unlike Skinner, Chomsky believes that children
can learn to speak correctly only during a critical age
are hard-wired for language acquistion
speak more quickly if their parents correct them early
learn to speak by mimicking sounds around them
13
Chemistry teachers present elements in the periodic table. This is useful because it is a(n)
mnemonic device
example of chunking
example of iconic storage
hierarchy
14
Mnemonic devices are least likely to be dependent upon
acronyms
rhymes
stories
massed rehearsal
15
Which of the following represents a prototype for the concept indicated in parentheses?
a beanbag chair (chair)
a whale (mammal)
a golden retriever (dog)
an ostrich (bird)
16
Which best illustrates episodic memory?
answering correctly about a date for a Civil War battle
recalling times tables from 2nd grade
telling someone how to tie a shoe
remembering that a clown was at your 5th birthday
17
The 3 stages of Atkinson-Shiffrin process of memory are
iconic, echoic, encoding
sensory, short term, long term
semantic, episodic, procedural
shallow, medium, deep processing
18
In English, we know to put adjectives before nouns because of
statistical learning
practice during the babbling stage
syntax
semantics
19
Which is a holophrase one-year-old Amanda is likely to say?
Mmmmmm
gaga
bottle
eat apple
20
The basketball players could remember main points but not details of coach's halftime talk.
This is because they encoded the information automatically.
This is because they encoded the information visually.
This is because they encoded the information shallowly.
This is because they encoded the information semantically.
21
You are likely to remember more psychology in your psychology classroom because of
retroactive interference
mood congruence
proactive interference
context effects
22
Compared to convergent thinkers, to solve a problems, divergent thinks are more likely to:
think creatively and generate multiple answers
process information to arrive at a single best answer
problem-solve in a systematic step-by-step fashion
frequently suffer from functional fixedness
23
Sam forgot her grocery list at home. She had peas, corn, milk, apples, pears, eggs on it.
The law of primacy says she will remember milk, peas, corn
The law of primacy says she will remember eggs, milk, peas
The law of primacy says she will remember peas, corn, milk
The law of primacy says she will remember apples, eggs, peas
24
Syd (engineer) and Fran (teacher) are married. To assume that Syd is husband and Fran is wife
is the mere exposure effect
is representativeness heuristic
is an anchoring effect
is a cognitive illusion
25
Which brain structure plays a key role in transferring info. from short to long-term memory?
hypothalamus
frontal lobe
thalamus
hippocampus
26
All of the following kinds of information tend to be automatically processed except
frequency information
time information
new information
space information
27
In the previous question, which items would be recalled in her short-term memory after writing
pears, eggs, milk (3 random items)
yogurt, milk, cheese (only diary items)
apples, pears, eggs (the last 3 items)
eggs, milk, cheese (the wrong items)
28
"Chair," "freedom," and "ball" are all
concepts
prototypes
heuristics
phomemes
29
Which exemplifies retroactive interference?
Mia remembers only the first few items on her supply list
Al failed Spanish test b/c he studied for Italian before it
Carlos cannot remember an important date on his history exam
After a blow to the head, Maria cannot form new memories
30
Phonemes are
the smallest unit of sound in a language
the smallest unit of meaning in a language
semantically the same as morphemes
rules of grammar for letter combinations

Unit 6: Cognition Flashcards | StudBud