stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
Environmental Science E o C Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
Environmental Science E o C Exam Review
Environmental Science E o C Exam Review
107 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
180 plays
Environmental Science New Mexico End of Course Exam Preparation Review Questions
Flashcards
107 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
107
Answers
1
Which of the following IS NOT directly included in a country’s ecologicalfootprint?
carbon
grazing and cropland
forests
sports arenas
2
The biggest contributorto overall ecological footprint is:
built-up land
forest land
carbon footprint
grazing land
3
Volcanoes often are found in areas on Earth where
plates fit together perfectly
rivers are found
plates collide
mountains are found
4
Sulfurous gases emitted by volcanoes
are good for the environment
help plants grow
are contained totally within lava flows
can mix with water vapor and form acid rain
5
______ shows how energy decreases as it moves up trophic levels
pyramid of numbers
pyramid of biomass
pyramid of energy
6
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are important because
release excess nitrogen from the soil into the atmosphere.
break up dead plants and animals in the soi
essential for plants being able to carry out photosynthesis.
they convert N2 into ammonium leading plant use nitrates
7
Most earthquakes occur along or near the edges of the ...
earth's lithospheric plates
North American plate
Eurasian plate
earth's oceans and lakes
8
The most visually striking evidence of global warming is:
the increased precipitation along the Gulf coast states
rapid melting of glacial ice on nearly every continent
highly varying temperature fluctuations in winter
9
How does a 'sandy' soil feel like to touch?
Gritty
Sticky
10
Why is organic matter (humus) an important part of soil?
It is rich in nutrients, which is important for fertility
t converts nitrogen in the air into nitrates used by plants
It helps to improve water infiltration
It can break down organic pollutants
11
Which of the following is true of a La Nina?
sea surface temperatures are decreased
tradewinds reverse direction
a southern oscillation occurs in the atmosphere
upwelling decreases
12
The place where slippage first occurs is called the earthquake's...
magnitude
intensity
focus
epicenter
13
Sedimentary rocks form from rock and mineral fragments,metamorphicrocks form from existing rock
True
False
14
Which of the following is not a part of the water cycle?
evaporation
groundwater
condensation
precipitation
15
Which three layers form the soil profile?
Clay, silt and sand
Minerals, organic matter and living organisms
ir. water and soil
The topsoil, subsoil and parent material
16
A pyroclastic flow is__________.
hot volcanic ash, debris -rushes down the side of a volcano
another form of precipitation
an opening in the side of a volcano
a type of lava flow
17
An example of a carbon sink
fossil fuels
carbon dioxide
combustion
cellular respiration
18
Climate represents
long-term average weather and its statistical variation
measure of variations in the amount of precipitation
weather averaged over a yea
19
A rock is
always
a mix-minerals,organic matter,volcanic glass,other material
made of molten material
formed by heat and pressure
either igneous or sedimentary
20
Which of the following decreases carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere?
Burning fossil fuels
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
Decomposition by bacteria
21
Which is
NOT
a possible result of increased atmospheric temperature ( global warming)
desertification- increase in desert land mass
changes in ocean salinity and pH
decrease in water vapor
decrease in oxygen levels as photosynthetic biomass declines
22
High levels of silica causes magma to become
more fluid
thicker
less dense
thinner
23
The difference in magnitude by a richter scale 4 earthquake and a richter scale 7 is
ten times less
one thousand times less
one thousand times greater
one hundred times greater
24
The oxygen for your body comes from
The ground
eating plants and animals
photosynthesis in plants
Cellular Respiration
25
What are batholiths?
magma bodies that cool quickly before they reach surface
hot magma flows that cool slowly before they reach surface
hot magma flows that cool quickly before they reach surface
magma bodies that cool slowly before they reach surface
26
The rock cycle indicates that each type of rock can ____.
form other rocks
be changed by forces at the earth's surface
provides materials to make other rocks
All of these answers are correct
27
A pyroclastic flow is
another form of precipitation
an opening in the side of a volcano
hot volcanic ash& debris - rushes down the side of a volcano
a type of lava flow
28
What is the difference between a dike and a sill in how they are formed
formed in same direction, but different in size
Dikes across vertical cracks, sills across horizontal cracks
form in the same direction but they are created differently.
Dikes across vertical cracks, sills across horizontal cracks
29
shake the ground perpendicular, do not move through liquids
P-waves
L-waves
S-waves
surface waves
30
A comparison of the trapping of heat by CO
2
and CH
4
is that (carbon dioxide & methane)
CO2 traps 21 times more heat in the atmosphere than does CH4
CH4 traps 21 times more heat in the atmosphere than does CO2
the same amount of heat is trapped by both CO2 and CH4
31
Data from a pyramid of numbers is more useful than energy pyramid- organism count can vary
True
False
32
Ozone in the upper atmosphere protects from skin cancer causing______
ultra-violet (UV) light
gamma rays
infared light
sulfur dioxide
33
Type of seismic wave causes rock particles to move together and apart in the same direction
L wave
S wave
P wave
surface wave
34
Which does NOT make a direct contribution to the Carbon Cycle
combustion
denitrification
photosynthesis
cellular respiration
35
The difference between basaltic and granitic magma is
the way it cools
amount of water vapor
amount of silica
36
The Hawaiian Islands are formed because of
hot spots
converging plates
diverging plates
subduction
37
Steam rising from a water puddle on a hot summer day is an example of
condensation
evaporation
run-off
transpiration
38
The major reason(s) for the collapse of the great Mayan civilization
deforestation
other land-use issues
soil loss
all of these answers are correct
39
The Pacific Ring of Fire is an earthquake zone that forms a ring around...
North America
the Pacific Ocean
North American plate
South America
40
Islands like Iceland are often formed due to
plate movement
all answers are correct
rifts in the Earth's surface
cooling lava flows
41
All of the following conditions in Earth can cause metamorphic rocks toform EXCEPT ____.
exposure to air
heat
pressure
the presence of hot ,watery fluids
42
Water flowing down mountainside into lake after precipitation is an example of
condensation
transpiration
evaporation
run-off
43
Composite or Stratovolcanoes are found mostly where
Earth's plates pull apart
rifts in Earth's surface occur
Earth's plates join and one plate sinks beneath the other
hot spots in the mantle occur
44
A human cause of acid rain is_______
cattle feedlots
overuse of water
sewage run-off
sulfur dioxide (SO2 emissions from burning coal
45
Which is NOT evidence of global warming
the flooding, thunderstorms and hurricanes have increased over )
Empty choice
46
minimum number of seismograph stations in order to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?
4
2
3
1
47
Dew or droplets of water on leaves on a dry summer day is likely a result of
precipitation
transpiration
condensation
run-off
48
Excess nitrates in water cause problems for the Chesapeake Bay because
of Algae blooms-> sunlight reduces O2 when the algae dies
of excessive cellular respiration in plants and animals
Nitrates are poisonous to fish, crabs, and oysters
excessive bacteria growth resulting in too much oxygen
49
Fog over a lake would be an example of which part of the water cycle?
condensation
run-off
evaporation
precipitation
50
Rocks are formed when magma or lava ____.
weathers
undergoes radioactive decay
erodes
crystallizes
51
genetic diversity as a result of crossing new genes to create new traits and/or new species
genetic variation
genetic drift
genetics
genetic diversity
52
A magnitude richter scale 7 generally causes mild damage e.g. store shelves toppling
True
False
53
Which is Not evidence of global warming
greenhouse gases cause heat retention in atmosphere
the amount of water vapor retained in atmosphere increased
Increasing number of floods, hurricanes over time
tomorrow's weather forecast
54
Plants get nitrogen from
Breathing it in through their leaves from the atmosphere
Cellular Respiration
Absorbing it through roots in the ground
Basic photosynthesis
55
Which type of seismic wave travels the fastest?
surface wave
L wave
S wave
P wave
56
Which term does NOT fit with a first level consumer?
predator
heterotroph
herbvivore
prey
57
Magma originates in which layer of Earth?
innercore
core
mantle
crust
58
Biodiversity is best described as________
variety of different species
different species different ecosystems
genetic variation
variety of species, genetic variation, variety of ecosystems
59
Which type of scientist analyzes the composition of rocks?
pyschologist
geologist
biologist
physiologist
60
The San Andreas Fault Zone has formed where the edge of the Pacific plate is slipping.
over the North American plate
north along the North American pl
south along the North American plate
under the North American plate
61
Deposition - tectonic process thatforces rocks onto Earth’s surface throughout the rock cycle.
True
False
62
Textures are fragments that make uprocks
True
False
63
Which is NOT evidence of evolution?
homologous structures
genetic drift
fossil record
birth defects caused by Zika virus
64
The effect(s) of global warming is (are)
shifting of climatic zones from the equator tow
all of these answers are correct
expansion of circulating cells on both sides of the equator
changes in Earth's biomes
65
Cinder cone volcanic eruptions are
explosive and throw lava high into the air
slow and occur over long periods of time
gradual and pour tephra over the edges
gradual & pour lava over the edges, which collects in pools
66
Decreases in ozone layer protection may lead into an increase in cancer rates
True
False
67
What causes magma to rise to the surface?
A force pulls the magma upward.
Magma is more dense than rock.
Magma is less dense than rock.
The rock forces the magma upward.
68
Travels through rock, shakes ground in the direction they are moving, arrive first
P - waves (Primary)
Surface Wave
L-Wave
S - Wave (secondary(
69
Sedimentary rocks are changed to sediments by ____.
weathering and erosion
heat and pressure
cementation
compaction
70
Which Science does NOT contribute to Environmental Science
chemistry
All these science choices contibute
biology
physics
71
Which is NOT a greenhouse gas?
ozone
methane
carbon dioxide
water vapor
72
Igneous rocks form from ____ when it cools
none of these choices are a better than another choice
magma underground, lava cooling above ground
lava
magma
73
Studying a rock’s texture can help scientists determine whichtype of rock it is
True
False
74
Which of the following best describes aftershocks?
seismic waves that cannot travel through liquids
along a fault where slippage and fracturing first occur
giant ocean waves that originate at a fault zone
a series of small tremors occurring after a major earthquake
75
Plot the difference in arrival times between_____to find earthquake distance from seismograph
P and S waves
P and L waves
S and L waves
76
Sedimentary rocks are
formed from magma
loose materials become pressed or cemented together or
a type of foliated igneous rock
formed because of changes in temperature and pressure
77
The ____ shows how one rock changes into another
volcanism
formation of crystals
melting process
rock cycle
78
Magnitude
is a measure of the amount of energy released during an
earthquake
True
False
79
Loss of sea ice by melting in the Arctic Ocean
will result in cooler temperature in the Arctic
will result in sea-level rise
may result in positive feedback and amplifies global warming
80
Whichis a tectonic process that forces rocks up from beneath Earth’s surface?
uplift
deposition
crystallization
melting
81
Of the three types of volcanoes, which is the least explosive?
all volcanoes are explosive
shield volcanoes
composite volcanoes
cinder volcanoes
82
Which is evidence of a beaver's role as a keystone species?
reduction of grassland in an ecosystem
major food source for top predators
drought resistant ponds and lakes
reduction of tree overgrowth increases forest fire severity
83
Surface rockscan change throughout many processes through the rock cycle EXCEPT _____.
melting
compaction
deposition
weathering
84
The force that can change the size and shape of rocks is called...
friction
elasticity
magnitude
stress
85
Which is not a type of volcano
strato
cinder cone
fuego
shield
86
An average available energy decreases by a factor of _____
one tenth 0.1
10
100
20
87
A decline in peppered moth population in industrial England was a result of ____
burning coal
natural selection
natural selection and genetic drift
genetics
88
A decrease of in stratospheric ozone may lead to increase skin cancer rates because
Skin Cancer death rates in New Mexico -2.7/1000 persons
increased gamma ray radiation is increased on earth's surf
infared light is increased on earth's surface
a reduction of the shielding effect from UV light rays
89
Approximately how many micro-organisms can be found in a teaspoonful of soil?
50 million
4 billion
500,000
1,000
90
What is a soil horizon?
A technique used to map soils
An organism found within the soil
A layer of soil
A factor influencing how soil is formed
91
lichen on a rock in a barren ecosystem indicates
pioneer species during primary succession
climax community
primary succession
secondary succession
92
High precipitation areas are where humid air mass __ and arid zones are found where dry air _
A)
descends; descends
rises; descends
rises; rises
descends; rises
93
Which does NOT is not an aspect of prodcuers
photosynthesis
consumer
prey
autotroph
94
El Niño
occurs when trade winds slacken
bring heavy rains and destructive flooding to North America
occurs every 3-5 years and last for 9-12 months
All of these answers are correct
95
A volcanic neck is the remains of a(n)
magma flow
eroded volcano
intrusive igneous rock
active volcano
96
Plants get the carbon to make their molecules from
The ground
The waste of animals
The combination of oxygen and water
The carbon dioxide in the air
97
Carbon is essential to life because
It is produced in both photosynthesis and respiration.
It’s the most common element.
There can’t be life without it.
It is the element which builds the organic molecules of life
98
A volcano is an opening in Earth that erupts
all answers are correct
lava
gases
ash
99
What is a vent?
a small fissure on the side of a volcano
he steep depression around a volcano's opening
the opening in a volcano
the remains of an eroded volcano
100
Carbon sequestration is
moving of carbon from underground storing in Earth's surface
removal of carbon from the ocean and store it in the land
101
Nitrogen is essential to life because
It is the most common element
It is needed for making carbohydrates and lipids
It is needed for building the proteins needed for cells.
Nitrogen builds all molecules need for life
102
Rain, snow, hail, and sleet are all examples of which stage of the water cycle?
precipitation
condensation
transpiration
run-off
103
After the great extinction around 70 million years ago conditions favored mammals because
warm blooded mammals adapt well to cooler conditions
mammals smaller adapt well to decreased atmospheric oxygen
both answers are correct
104
In decomposition Bacteria and Fungi
carry out photosynthesis
produce the oxygen needed for photosynthesis
use oxygen to break down organic nitrogen to nitrates
Bacteria put oxygen back into the atmosphere
105
Shield volcanoes are the result of
ava solidifies on Earth's surface
magma solidifies underground
an earthquake occurs
andesitic lava flows
106
The processes involved in the rock cycle include all of the followingEXCEPT
condensation
compaction
weathering
erosion
107
Sedimentary rocks are
formed because of changes in temperature and pressure
a type of foliated igneous rock
formed from magma
loose materials become pressed or cemented together or
