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Review 1
Review 1
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1
Leaves of plants are usually green. Which of the following statements best explains that?
Chloroplasts absorb green light
all the above
Absorption and refection have nothing to do with the color of the leaves.
Chloroplasts reflect green light
2
The opposite of dehydration reaction is
synthesis
hydrolysis
going to the bathroom a lot
rehydration
3
When snapdragons plants with white flowers were crossed with plants with red flowers, all the F1 plants had pink flowers
codominance
mitochondrial inheritance
incomplete dominance
hybrid vigor
4
The study of heredity and hereditary variation is
biology
genetics
chromosomes
meiosis
5
If you see pea plants and all have white flowers, than all of them are _______ for flower color. White is recessive
heterozygous
pleiotropic
diploid
homozygous
6
Cancer is
uncontrolled division of cells
all of the above
none of the above
a mitotic abnormality
7
Cleans cell and secretes digestive enzymes
golgi apparatus
lysosomes
peroxisomes
ribosomes
8
1. Which organelle synthesizes (makes) proteins for export or repackaging elsewhere?
A. roughendoplasmic reticulum
A. centrioles
A. ribosomes
A. chloroplasts
9
The structure of a nucleic acid contains all of the following except
A. nitrogenous base
A. phosphate
A. simple sugar
A. polysaccharides
10
Which organelle packages proteins for export elsewhere?
A. smoothendoplasmic reticulum
A. chloroplasts
A. Golgi apparatus
A. centrioles
11
How many photosystems are involved in photosynthesis?
1
2
4
3
12
Tomato juice has a pH of 4. If wine is 10X's more acidic than tomato juice, what is the pH of wine?
3
10
40
5
13
Independent assortment is
pairs of homologous chromosomes line up independently of each other
random order of cells
happen is anaphase I
14
21. The structure of the plasma membrane is best described by the
A. Sandwich model
A. Fluid-mosaic model
A. Phospholipids
A. Carrier proteins
15
Which color(s) of light do plants absorb in photosynthesis?
green
blue and red
orange
White
16
Aluminum has an atomic number of 13. How many electrons are in the 1, 2 and 3 shell?
A. 2-3-8
A. 2-8-3
A. 2-11
A. 2-8-13
17
What are the building blocks of proteins
A. nucleotides
A. amino acids
A. monomers
A. Lipids
18
The major products of the light reaction, need for the dark reaction are
NADPH and FADH2
oxygen
NADPH and ATP
ATp and FADH2
19
The order of the cell cycle is
Interphase, metaphase, prophase
Interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
Mitosis, cytokinesis, telophase
Cytokinesis, telophase
20
When 2 different alleles are present (one dominant and one recessive) it is
heterozygous
homozygous
recessive
dominant
21
The red ginger plant, has 11 chromosomes in each egg cell. What is the diploid chromosome number for this species?
11
33
22
23
22
Proteins
Help with cell to cell recognition
All of the above
Are enzymes
Function as channels and carriers
23
The process in your body that converts sugar (glucose) into cell energy (ATP).
Enzymes
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Metabolism
24
Where does the electron transport chain take place in Respiration?
ribosomes
cristae
cell membrane
cytoplasm
25
Which carbohydrate is found in the cell wall of plants
A. cellulose
A. chitin
A. starch
A. glycerol
26
. What happens if oxygen is not available after glycolysis
the electron transport chain
the kreb's cycle
photosynthesis
fermentation
27
Which organelle is responsible for the process of photosynthesis?
A. cilia
A. mitochondria
A. chloroplast
A. peroxisomes
28
1. Which of these processes uses energy, in the form of ATP?
Active transport
Facilitated diffusion
Diffusion
29
ATP contains adenosine and
sugar
Adenine
3 phosphate groups
2 phosphate groups
30
The dark reaction/Calvin cycle of photosynthesis takes place in the ________ of the cell
cytoplasm
mitochondria
stroma
thylakoid
31
Bulk transport
examples: exocytosis and endocytosis
examples: phagocytosis and pinocytosis
All of the above
Requires energy
32
The light reaction of photosynthesis takes place in the ___________ of the cell
thylakoid
mesophyll tissue
cytoplasm
mitochondria
33
The totality of an organism's chemical reactions is:
Metabolism
Enzymes
Potential Energy
Amphipathic
34
__________ theory: prokaryotes entered eukaryotic cells and evolved into mitochondria and chloroplasts
A. cell
biogenesis
A. Neodarwinian
A. endosymbiotic
35
In which kind of cross would you expect to find a ratio of 3:1 among the F2 offspring?
testcross
Dihybrid cross
Monohybrid cross
punnett cross
36
What does the term stroma refer to?
The central fluid-filled space of the chloroplasts
A stack of thylakoid membrane structures
A flattened disk or sac in the chloroplast
The double membrane of the chloroplast
37
Packages lipids and proteins, aids in vesicle formation
golgi apparatus
mitochondria
nucleoplasm
nucleus
38
As a result of photosynthesis, plants release ____ into the atmosphere.
glucose
C02
oxygen
minerals
39
ATP is composed of ____________.
thymine, ribose sugar, three phosphate groups
adenine, hexose sugar, two phosphate groups
adenine, hexose sugar, three phosphate groups
adenine, ribose sugar, three phosphate groups
40
21. Passive transport that focuses on the solute is
Amphipathic
Permeable to the membrane
Osmosis
Diffusion
41
When an enzyme binds with its substrate, the activation energy needed for the chemical reaction to occur is ……..
lowered.
remains the same.
raised.
42
Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding the plasma membrane structure?
Phospholipids have a fluid consistency (like salad oil).
Phospholipids form a bilayer
Protein molecules are localized toward one side of the cell
Protein molecules may be partially or wholly embedded.
43
Your child wanting to take apart a "wood pick-up truck" to carefully study each part is an example of
A. emergent properties
A. reductionism
A. a mess!
A. cell biology
44
Which of the following is a function of meiosis?
Repair damage cells
Growth and development
Production of more genetically identical cells
Reduce the number of chromosomes by one half to produce gametes
45
Chemical bonding to form a compound or molecule is caused by
A. the atomic number
A. electrons in the outermostshell
A. chemistry
A. a covalent bond
46
A cell with a diploid number of 24 undergoes meiosis. How many chromosomes are in each daughter cell?
12
24
6
36
47
pH is a measure of
concentration of water
vinegar
Hydrogen ion concentration
lots of stuff
48
If a pea plant shows a recessive phenotype:
It can be either Tt or tt
It can only be tt
It can only be TT
It can be either TT or Tt
49
Which refers to the movement of a piece of one chromosome to another nonhomologous chromosome?
translocation
duplication
inversion
deletion
50
Prokaryotes reproduce by
sexual reproduction
binary fission
mitosis
51
______ is a measure of randomness or disorder
A. Phosphorylation
A. Metabolism
Entropy
A. Enthalpy
52
The presence of the cell walls in plants is associated with _______ in telophase
cleavage furrow
spindle fiber formation
differentiation
cell plate formation
53
What are Barr Bodies
an inactivated X chromosome
alleles that are expressed
discovered by Melvin Calvin
dead cells
54
The biggest difference between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell is
A. animals are prokaryotic cells
A. no nuclei and no organelles in prokaryotic cells
A. theyare the same
A. bacteria are eukaryotic cells
55
Which of the following cells undergo meiosis?
sperm cells
liver cells
somatic cells
kidney cell
56
Which refers to the addition of an extra segment of a chromosome?
duplication
translocation
deletion
inversion
57
A human male has__________ chromosomes with _________ sex chromosomes
46,xy
23,xy
23,xx
46,xx
58
Which organelle looks like a stack of hollow pancakes (or pita bread, or naan)?
A. Golgi apparatus
A. smoothendoplasmic reticulum
A. mitochondria
A. plasmodesmata
59
Which organelle detoxifies alcohol in the liver?
A. smoothendoplasmic reticulum
A. ribosomes
A. lysosomes
A. roughendoplasmic reticulum
60
The Cell Theory includes which one of the following?
A. all living things consist of cells
A. all cells have a nucleus
A. all cells have a wall and a membrane
A. all cells arise spontaneously
61
On defective X gene in males is a problem because
they have 2 copies of the Y gene
don't need an X, Y has everything they need
they carry the other one
they only have one copy of the X gene
62
What does a peptide bond connect?
A. 2 different amino acids in a carbon atom
A. amino end and carboxyl end of 2 amino acids
A. glucose and glucose
A. 2 monosaccharides
63
How can you remember what oxidation reduction means?
LEO the lion says GER
Google
64
C4 photosynthesis is different from C3 photosynthesis because
C4 plants use products from C3 plants
no chloroplasts
no light required. Ever
different enzyme and spatial separation
65
Which of the following describes the fluid-mosaic model of the plasma membrane structure?
phospholipid monolayer with embedded proteins
fatty acid trilayer with embedded cholesterol
phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
triglyceride bilayer with embedded proteins
66
Glycolysis takes place in the
golgi body
mitochondria
cytoplasm
ribosome
67
Exergonic reactions have:
energy needed for the reaction
negative delta G and energy is released
products have more free energy than reactants
positive delta G
68
Which property of water allows this insect to "walk" on the surface of the water on an invisible film?
A. surface tension
A. thermalstability
A. cohesion
A. wateris a universal solvent
69
Respiration is an
endergonic reaction
exergonic reaction
70
Diploid means
1 set of chromosomes
2 set of chromosomes
71
All of the following have cell walls except for
Red Bud
Plant cells
Animal cells
Bacteria
72
A 9:3:3:1 ratio of phenotypic traits is characteristic of which of the following?
a trihybrid cross
linked genes
a monohybrid cross
a dihybrid cross
73
1. Cristae are structures found in the ______.
A. mitochondria
A. peroxisomes
A. cilia
A. chloroplast
74
In a chemical reaction, the starting molecule are the ______ and the final molecules of the reaction are the ______.
A. thing 1, thing 2
A. reactants, products
A. products, reactants
A. chemical, equation
75
Enzymes
are proteins
lower the energy of activation
all of the above
are specific to the reaction they catalyze
76
Which reaction shows the overall reaction for cellular respiration?
ADP + PO4 >> ATP
H-C-OH + NAD+ >> C=O + NADH + H+
C6H12O6 + 6O2 >> 6CO2 + 6H2O
2 Pyruvate >> 2 Acetaldehyde >> 2 Ethanol
77
The plasma membrane is composed of the following
Carbohydrates and Cholesterol
All of the above
Phospholipids and Proteins
Microfilaments
78
An atom contains ______ and ______ in the nucleolus.
A. protons and neutrons
A. electrons and protons
A. protons, neutrons, andelectrons
A. electrons and neutrons
79
In photosynthesis, glucose is made during the
dark reaction/calvin cycle
electron transport chain
glycolysis
light reaction
80
Mitosis is the production of
2 genetically different cells
2 identical daughter cells
4 1n haploid cell
3n cells
81
Which statement is true about fermentation
Fermentation occurs in our muscles, producing methanol.
Fermentation occurs in the absence of oxygen.
Glycolysis is part of the process of making beer
Pepperoni and tofu are produced using bacteria in the citric acid cycle.
82
The carbon atom can form up to_______ covalent bonds?
4
2
8
6
83
Which of these pairs of particles have the same mass?
A. neutron and quark
A. proton and electron
A. proton and neutron
A. neutron and electron
84
What is the outermost part of an animal cell
cell wall
plasma membrane
endoplasmic reticulum
nuclear pore complex
85
A bond that forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another
A. chemical bond
A. covalent bond
A. hydrogen bond
A. ionic bond
86
Meiosis produces
4 haploid genetically identical cells
2 cells that are genetically differernt
2 cells that are genetically identical
4 haploid cells-each genetically different
87
A molecule with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions is called?
Confused
Water fearing
Isomers
Amphipathic
88
An example of a eukaryotic cell is
bacteria cell
a plant cell
chitin
Archea
89
_____________is the study of the heredity and variation
life cycles
genetics
biology
chromosomes
90
In a ________________ of chromosomes, you get one from your mom and one from your dad.
homologous pair
nucleus
Chromosome
chromatid
91
Mendel's hereditary factors are in the __________ located on chromosomes.
inheriance
jeans
cell
genes
92
Where exactly does the citric acid cycle/Krebs cycle take place?
cytoplasm
mitochondria
mitochondria matrix
ribosomes
93
Isomers have
A. same atom arrangement
A. same molecular formula but different arrangement
A. same colors
A. whatever you want
94
In a polymer, the repeated small molecules are called _________.
A. fattyacids
A. monomers
A. glucoseand fructose
A. isomers
95
Covalent bonds
A. steal electrons
A. share neutrons
A. share protons
A. share electrons
96
Energy cannot be created or destroyed but it can be
energy can be created and destroyed
energy is only made
energy can be destroyed but not created
converted from one form to another form.
97
1.__________ is caused by nondisjunction when an individual has 3 of chromosome 21.
Down Syndrome
Meiosis
Karyotype
Edwards Syndrome