Greeks and Romans took over Phoenecians

After how many years did Buddha realize self denial to extremes was not the path to truth.

6 years and 49 days/nights under Bodi tree

command or central economy

government makes all economic decisions

Why did artists create paintings on walls of pyramid?

to provide buried with objects & pleasures shown on the wall

must be memorized word for word

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History Review for Chapters One Through Six

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Questions 168

Answers

1
Sign of a complex culture
all
bulls, horses, bison...human figures, abstract designs
4 teens & dog in Lascou, France in 1940's
cave paintings 16,0000 years ago
2
Indus River valley promoted health
Indoor toilets and sewer
wide city streets in grid pattern
all
trash chutes with bins in streets
3
Farmers stored surplus grain in granary...
Japan
Indus Valley
China
4
Found in Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania
Lucy
Mr. Clean
Elf
Elvis
5
Egyptian advances included:
all
math: pyramids, geo, arith
astronomy: calendars
engineering: pyramids, complex irrigation systems
6
Pharaohs
all
dynasty usually passed along families
old kingdom: prosperity, poli strength, culture achievements
mid kingdom: canals, irrigation
7
Upanishads
one god known as Brahman and all have soul(form of Brahman)
writings of gurus
all gods are forms of brahman (vishnu,krishna,sheva,shakti)
all
8
Culture diffusion
Greeks and Romans took over Phoenecians
Assyrians took over Phoenecians
9
Jacob moved from Canaan to Egypt
due to famine
grain in Egypt
Described in Genesis
all
10
After how many years did Buddha realize self denial to extremes was not the path to truth.
20
2
6 years and 49 days/nights under Bodi tree
30
11
She married a Persian king.
Esther
Ruth
Naomi
12
Bones tell us size and structure of body but teeth do not tell us the kind of food they ate.
true
false
13
Meeting places for the Jews.
temple
synagogue
14
As civilization developed
artists decorated
surplus was used to buy from artisans
all
15
In Hinduism, the effect of people's actions in this and previous lives.
karma
dharma
16
First major attempt to establish and enforce the rule of law
key concept in democratic principles
Hamurabi code
all members, even rich, must obey the law
same
17
Assyrians had
Asherbanipal made a great library
provinces with governors
both
18
Indus River
flows across South Asia
1 and 2
are dry most of year, flooding left fertile soil
by 3000 BC cities unraveled as populations grew b/c surplus
19
Time of Judges end when
David became king
Solomon became king
Saul became king
20
A narrow strip of fertile soil lines both sides of Nile.
all
Egypt is called Kemet or black land
vast deserts on either side
heavy rainfall in summer in East would then leave fertile
21
As herds improve, surplus occurs leading to specialization.
false
true
22
Babylonian artists
precious jewels
gold and bronze sculptures
both
23
Hunter gatherers
many groups appeared and died out
all
harsh lives, had tools
Lucy was one
24
Hammurabi's Code
some 300 laws: crimes, marriages, worse if hurt class above
were all new
set of laws in Babylon
1 and 2
25
Only female judge
Deborah
Esther
Ruth
Devorah
26
Wealthy Egyptians were mummified, poor people were left to dry in the desert.
True
False
27
Pharaoh relied on bureaucracy
collected taxes in form of surplus crops
vizer was head of this
Took some, rest for pharaoh, priests, artisans and merchants
all
28
In modern India, treating dalit badly is ilegal.
true
false
29
Jate is an occupation based caste begun as extended family as occupation.
True
False
30
May have been the first to grow cotton for cloth.
Indus River
Sudan
Nile River
31
True of Neolithic Age
Lasted 2000-4000 years: Agricultural Revolution
2 and 4
more efficient tools
hunter gatherers with primitive stone tools
32
Who was Siddharta Ghatama?
Buddha
info passed down by stories
all
born a prince and prophesy of being a wandering holy man
33
command or central economy
free market
government makes all economic decisions
34
Egyptian afterlife
1st: live good life; sinful destroyed
all
2nd: preserve bods so spirit could recognize as a home
like Osiris people could have life after death
35
3 basic questions about economy:
all
what goods and services should be produced
who uses these goods & services
how should they be produced
36
Why did artists create paintings on walls of pyramid?
to provide buried with objects & pleasures shown on the wall
For decoration
37
Alphabet comes from
alpha + beta
alpha + delta
38
The Indus Valley civilization had advanced system of weigh & measurements of 10, metric system.
True
False
39
Only homo sapiens not neanderthals except
used fire
made art & music
complex language
complex burial practices
40
Cave paintings do not show Stone Age peoples were capable of complex thoughts and actions.
True
False
41
Caste grouping below the sudra:
both
untouchable because made higher varna unclean
Dalit were toilet cleaners and animal butchers
42
Mary Leaky oversight excavation in 1960 in Tanzania.
True
False
43
Nubians adopted from Egyptians
built temples to gods and saw kings as gods
all
traditional Egyptian ways
44
In Jati, sudra were farmers, and servants and were twice born.
false
true
45
Priests and kings had a symbiotic relationship, until
kings took over
both divided it all
priests took over
46
Indo Aryans and Vedic Age:
introduced new social structure and polytheistic religion
both
believed in the Vedas
47
Last section of Hebrew Bible
all
Includes psalms, song of songs, proverbs, chronicles(hx)
The writings
Esther, Ruth, Job
48
Not true of Torah
must be memorized word for word
first 5 books of Hebrew Bible
first 5 books of Old Testament of Christians
describes origins of Jews
49
Assyrians learned iron working from Hittites.
false
true
50
Hindu gurus believe life is cycle of birth, death and rebirth.
False
True
51
True of Prophets
preachers, poets, and reformers
chapter of Hebrew Bible following torah
a person believed to be chosen by God as a messenger
all
52
Not a type of economy
traditional
market
command
unmixed
53
Used stone seals to identify their goods and accurate weights & measures for trade.
Sumerians
Phoenicians
54
Nile River silt
deposited at delta in Upper Egypt
deposited at delta in Lower Egypt
55
This shows animals important in Indus River Valley
drawings on pottery
ate sheep, cattle, chicken and goats
oxen for work
all
56
Aryans spilled into Ganges Plain over 100's of years.
all
clans made republics
clans with chiefs
republics made decisions in assemblies then kings in 500 bc
57
True of Phoenecians:
imports: jewels, Au, Ag, tin, Cu, Fe, ivory
all
exports: oil, fish, cedar, bowls, tools, salt, wine
trade routes from E ended here
58
Experts in navigation: wind patterns, ocean currents, North Star
Phoenecians
Babylonians
59
Market economy
USA example
all
individuals decide what is produced
capitalism
60
Spread of Hinduism
traders carried it to other areas
flexibility
all
no attendance at religious services-shrine, temples
61
The Promised Land is
Palestine
Israel
Canan
62
Paleolithic= Greek for old + stone
all
tools: cut food,chop small trees, scrape skins
2.5 million to 10,000 years ago
early humans made tools of stone at 1st simple
63
True of Hammurabi
ruled for 30 years and built an army
military leader, strong govt, sent governors
did not oversee public projects
after destruction of Ur, he made Babylon a new empire
64
Buddha believed in following this way:
supreme
middle
65
After Joshua died
all
Judges took over
do not pass on leadership to descendants
were warriors or prophets
66
Alphabet
writing much easier for trade greeks added vowels
all
22 symbols= consonant
cuneiform 100's of symbols
67
Phoenecians
city states and assemblies
society emerged in 1150 bc
all
origins in Canaan
68
Not a feature of early civilization
government, established religion, cities
arts & architecture, writing
high fashion
job specialization, social classes, public works
69
Moses lived to see the Promised Land with Joshua.
true
false
70
Not true of Egyptian calendars
seasons would run behind on lunar calendar
later based on Sirius
measured time based on moon, 354 days
wanted to link calendar to seasons for planting & harvesting
71
Aryans
loved music & dance, chariot racing
nomadic cattle herders later also farming
all
still warriors on 2 wheel chariots and using iron tools
72
Ramses was known for:
made peace with Hittites
being warlike fighting in Fertile Crescent
all
great builder of monuments
73
True of Abraham except
sheep herder
lived in Ur in 1700 bc
God entered into a covenant with him
was a descendant of Moses
74
Sumerian writing
system for keeping records of goods in temple
pictographs-> cuneiform
both
75
Who was Sargon?
Arcadian who conquered Sumer (similar-used Cuneiform)
all
King of Sumerian city state called Kish
changed language, daughter high priestess of UR
76
In addition to, all of life involves suffering the 4 noble truths include all except:
2) wanting for yourself causes suffering, selfish desires
4) follow 8 fold path
3) give up all selfish desires
2) only top caste can reach nirvana
77
Avoiding doing harm to any living thing and part of dharma.
hummus
ahimsa
ahumsa
78
Priests in Sumer
polytheists: keep gods happy to prosper
all
Upper class: rulers, priests, landown, merchants, officials
part of social order of 3 classes
79
Common between homo sapiens and neanderthals except
lived in same region
made tools, hunted in groups
one had large brains
buried dead, used fire
80
Caste system
fixed social class you are born into, social system in India
don't mix socially across lines
inherited from parents & you stayed there
all
81
Israelites
on journey in desert fought harsh conditions & people
Both
God gave food and H2O from heaven
82
True of the Book of the Dead
help dead find happiness in afterlife, includes tale Sinuhe
famous Egyptian guide for dead souls
all of the above
collection of spells,prayer,drawing buried with their dead
83
Cattle overgrazing or foreign invaders may have led to disappearance of Indus River Valley.
False
True
84
Manages societies resources for survival of its members.
both
includes forming an army
a role of government
85
Tools and crops improve, so people can build up
surplus
shortage
86
The tribes descended from Jacob's son settled in different areas.
true
false
87
In Lower Egypt, the Nile fans out into marshy areas and streams dropping silt
False
True
88
Wise people emerged 100,000 yrs ago tall, lean and had complex language.
neanderthal
homo sapien
89
Where is Hinduism practiced today?
Southeast Asia
India, UK, US, Canada
all
Bali
90
The law of karma
determines your rebirth
bad karma=rebirth in lower caste or as an animal
all
good karma=rebirth higher caste
91
Liberation is the final goal of Hinduism when soul becomes one with Brahman.
karma
moksha
92
Developed as a religion more than 3,000 yrs ago in Fertile Crescent based on 1 God & ethics.
Judaism
Islam
93
Jate is divided as:
3.Baishyas-land/bankowners, merchants
1.Priests were highest
2. Kshatriyas-rulers, warriors
all
94
Civilization develops:
7,000 years ago in Mesopotamia
growing grains, leading to surplus
both
95
True about Indus Valley
7000 BC farmers started growing crops near valley
1 and 2
2500 BC had advanced civilization
1700 BC they appeared
96
Why were Assyrians good fighters:
all
fought many invaders who conquered them
had iron weapons
had cavalry
97
Nebuchadnezzer
Old babylonian empire
Neo babylonian empire emerged
98
Which is not one of the 3 qualities:
wisdom
meditation
right action
priesthood
99
Government
group of people with power to make and enforce laws
one of 8 basic features of civilizations
both
100
Who are the Pharaohs?
Osiris and Bast
Hatsheput and Ramses II
Tut and Cleopatra
Carter and Sadie
101
True of traditional economy:
all
don't want to change way of life, livestock herders in Niger
people make economic decisions based on customs, habits
meet need with hunting & gathering as ancestors did
102
True of Nile River
world's longest river: 3,500 miles ends in Medit Sea
Egyptian civilization arose in the fertile valley
White Nile from Victoria and Blue Nile from Ethiopia
all
103
Caste system became more rigid over time and limited freedoms but some think it helped.
true
false
104
There are 3 paths to moksha:
2)works: carrying out religious duties-offer food & prayers
1)knowledge chosen by brahmans-true understanding of soul
all
3)way of devotion:say name of god, travel to sacred sites
105
True of Egyptian calendar
need same # days/year: solar calendar of 365 days
all
added leap years in 200 bc's b/c seasons shifted slowly
used to help with record keeping
106
Egyptian medical knowledge included advances in anatomy and mummification.
skilled surgeons
effective medicines
all
tools and study of diseases
107
Archaeologists
study prehistory (no writing)
excavate
look for fossils
all
108
What is jati?
birth group type of caste groupings
started as occupation/family business
100's today
all
109
Babylon is modern day
Baghdad
New Delhi
110
Relief sculpture
famous eg: Stele of Hammurabi
may be found on a stele
scene sticks out of base material
all
111
Not true of Neanderthals
made art & music
simple burial practices
short, sturdy skeletons
appeared 200,000 years ago
112
How was Sumer conquered?
fighting among city states made them weaker
Babylonians took over
113
Book of Joshua
in the Book of Prophets
begins with Exodus and goes to time in Promised Land
both
114
Around 5000 BC Indians learned art of writing, best known Veda is
Rig Veda
praises Arian gods & goddessses
both
115
Other places cave paintings found
Spain
Sahara
all
France
116
Significance of steady food supply in Sumerian city-states
3400 BC cities formed in southern mesopotamia
both
dependable food supply-> population grew
117
What did people need to have a surplus of food?
all
agricultural revolution with domesticated animals & plants
Neolithic age: farm and settle in one place
tools of iron and bronze
118
Spread of Buddhism
all
more than 2.2 million in USA
India, Sri Lanka, Central and East Asia
monasteries (study, meditate) & missionaries
119
Diaspora
all
changed worship, synagogues important
Started with Babylonian conquest
Communities of Jews livin outside homeland: Asia, Iran, Egyp
120
True of artisans
middle class
painters, stonecutters & builders
working on temples & tombs
all
121
Judeo Christianity
set of values shared by Judaism and Christianity
basis of modern societies with rights, justice and responsi
both
122
handy man
homo habilis made & used tools
homo sapiens made & used tools
123
Focuses on Buddha's compassion:
greatest achievement: returning from nirvana to share
China, Japan, Mongolia, Koreas, Bhutan
all
Mahayan a Buddhism
124
Excavation site
all
old settlements: villages, campsites
look for artifacts, bones, identify patterns
archaeologists uncover these sites covered in dirt
125
What did the people of the Indian subcontinent depend on for their agriculture?
winter monsoons
summer monsoons came from the ocean
126
True of scribes
kept records
above bureaucrats
127
Economy
study of how people meet wants and needs
system used to produce and distribute goods & services
all
128
Hunter gatherers
all
boys hunted; girls fruits, nuts, herbs, fish, lizards
groups of 10-12 adults with kids
nomads
129
Name of Mary Leakey's man
homo sapien
homo computeris
homo habilis
130
Out of Africa theory
humans migrated from Africa and replaced other groups
humans started in Africa and migrated out
both
131
Bottom of social pyramid:
farmers 1/2 year, laborers 1/2 year in service to pharaoh
all
farmers, servants and slaves
slaves prisoners of war or debtors
132
True of bureaucrats
below pharaoh in pyramids
could become pharaoh if elected
1 and 2
included nobles, priests, officials
133
Indo Aryans theories of origin:
horse raising nomads migrating into India
invaded Indus Valley from mountains
could have been original inhabitants
all
134
During this time tools are streamlined, larger animals hunted, fire frees from climate and sun.
true
false
135
What are the Vedas?
priests memorized/sang verses in ceremonies
passed down for 1000 yrs by word of mouth in Sanskrit
all
call on people to offer milk,barley,butter to gods
136
Blissful peace without desire or suffering
all
reached after 8 steps
nirvana
no rebirth
137
What was Hatshepsut known for?
one of only female pharaohs
1 and 3
Negotiating and wearing a fake beard
Warlike
138
What is a granary?
both
a special building used to hold grain
place to store & protect surplus in Indus Valley
139
City states
all
each was a center of trade
independent state including a city & surrounding territory
each had own govt, laws & main god
140
Effects of less farmland for Nubians
all
Depended on Nile, farmed narrow strip of land along it
had smaller surplus than Egyptians to support cities
sometimes short of food, traded Fe, Au with southern Africa
141
Nile flows upstream from Mediterranean in a narrow valley lined with cliffs.
True
False
142
Why would people domesticate animals?
makes them useful for humans: smaller, meat, eggs, milk
all
help with protection & companionship
work animals, clothing (silkworm)
143
In upper Egypt, silt from sources in E Africa make Nile valley fertile.
True
false
144
Belief that natural world is full of spirits.
animationa
animism
pictures of animals were a way to forgive killing them
2 & 4
145
A person's duty or what is right for him/her. First rule of Hinduism.
dharma includes ahimsa
duty of your caste
1 and 2
nirvana
146
Used North Star to calculate their positions.
True
False
147
8 fold path
wisdom, right action, meditation
lead to 3 equalities
all
148
Determining age of fossils & prehistoric objects
compare artifacts and now DNA testing
all
similar layers of rock & soil (lower layers older)-geologist
radioactive Carbon 14 dating
149
The Nile River:
1 & 2
could travel North on ships
2 rivers meet in Sudan (Nubia, Kush)
flows through Sahara with 6 cataracts
150
True of pharaohs
2 and 3
deserved it all because they controlled Egypt
middle of social pyramid
god king as god controlled them
151
Focuses on the wisdom of the Buddha:
Judaism
Mahayana
Hinduism
Theravada
152
Mysteries of Indus Valley
strong government due to planning of cities and citadel
all
no obvious temples or priests; can't read symbols
statues looked like gods from Hinduism or meditation
153
Egyptians created glass, mortar, cosmetics as chemical achievements.
false
true
154
Phoenecians
all
Skilled navigators, ships sailed or use oars
dominated Mediterranean sea trade like the Minoans
city states along modern Lebanon
155
Phoenecians
pottery, glass, metal, wood traded for imports
slopes left little flat land for planting
cloth from purple sea snails sold for high prices
all
156
Pharoahs
needed loyalty of people
Narmer was 1st pharoah to unite
all
North red crowns, South white crowns
157
Buddha
did not believe in a god
did not accept caste system
both
158
Specialization
can trade goods for surplus food of farmers ->social differ
all
people spend most of time working at single job or craft
tool axes, knives; potters-clay;weavers-clothes; metal work
159
New Kingdom of Egypt:
conquered Asia and Africa
highpoint of prosperity and power
all
conquered by Persia and Alex the Great
160
Phoenecian colonies and city states
all
Romans took over
harbors at first->fertile land led to settlements ->colonies
Assyrians attacked in 800 bc and they went to city states
161
Sold teak
Indus valley from tree only found there
all over Europe
162
Exodus
Sinai for 40 years received instruction on worship & reli ob
escape of Israelites from Egypt
commemorated on Passover
all
163
Mesopotamians built walls to trap floodwaters to soak into soil and grow grains.
true
false
164
Are you ready for the test?
all
Yes
Yes
Yes
165
Importance of burial practices
all
rituals important part of early culture: beyond survival
sign of afterlife
Ice Age people did bury dead
166
World's oldest dice and first well built sewers were found here.
Nile River Valley
Euphrates River Valley
Indus River Valley
167
Mixed economy
US and Australia
Cuba and Korea
168
Disappearance of Indus Valley
all
forests stripped- no wood for building or cover
standing H2O in drains-mosquitos
Around 1700 BC people abandoned cities, civi declined

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