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BIOLOGY PLANTS STUDY GUIDE Flashcards | StudBud
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BIOLOGY PLANTS STUDY GUIDE
BIOLOGY PLANTS STUDY GUIDE
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Questions
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Answers
1
What is
vegetative reproduction?
Stems growing horizontally to reproduce asexually
Sexual reproduction, new parts grow from the buds
Asexual reproduction, where attached parts can grow new parts of the plant
2
What is
alternation of generation?
The genetic mutations through each generation of plant growth
The life cycle where the plant switches between haploid and diploid phases
The way plants change colors
The life cycle where plants change between growing leaves or flowers
3
What is in the
vascular system
Sclerenchyma, Parenchyma, Collenchyma
Lignin and sugar
Xylem and Phloem
4
What is
regeneration?
Where plants can grow from a fragment of itself
Where plants can come back to life
Where plants can repair broken off pieces of itself
5
Cycads
were dinosaur food
False
True
6
What is a
cuticle
Thick and slimy layer of leaf
Waxy, waterproof, keeps in moisture
Thin layer on top of the leaf
Waxy and lets water in
7
What is
double fertilization?
The production of female gametes
The process of which a sperm fertilizes an egg, only happens in flowers
Where the male gametes are produced by the anthers
Nourishes the plant embryo
8
When does
pollination
occur?
The male reproductive system finds an egg to fertilize
The female reproductive part of a plant meet the pollen of the same species
When the pollen gets taken by the wind
When a hummingbird drinks the nectar of a flower
9
A
monocot
has netlike veins
True
False
10
What is a
flower?
The mature ovary of a tree
The reproductive structure of non-flowering plants
The reproductive structure of flowering plants
The mature ovary of a plant
11
What is
dormancy?
Where the leaves stop growing, halting photosynthesis
Where the seed embryo has stopped growing
Where the roots go dormant, leftover nutrients are sent up to the plant
Where the stem has stopped growing
12
What is
transpiration?
The loss of vapor from plants
The gaining of vapor to plants
The leaves absorbing water
The absorption of water at the roots
13
What is
phloem?
Vascular tissue that carries the products of photosynthesis in the plant
Vascular tissue that carries water and dissolved minerals up to the plant
Vascular tissue that modifies to become thorns or hairs
Vascular tissue that lets water and air in and out
14
What is a
gametophyte?
Gamete-producing plant
Spore-producing plant
15
What is
germination?
The seed begins the process of fertilization
I DON'T KNOW!!!!!!!!!
The seed goes in dormancy
The embryo breaks out of the seed coat, growing into a seedling
16
What is a
sporophyte?
Spore-producing plant
Gamete-producing plant
17
What is
photoperiodism?
What makes plants lean towards the light
What makes plants respond to touch
What makes plants respond to gravity, growing upwards, etc
What makes plants respond to changing lengths of time
18
What is a
gibberlin?
Produce increases in size
Causes plants to ripen
19
What is
primary growth?
Lengthens just the roots
Lengthens just the stem
Lengthens the root and stems
Widens the root and stems
20
What are
alkaloids
?
Plant chemicals that photosynthesize
Plant chemicals that are acidic
Potent plant chemicals that contain nitrogen
Plant chemicals that contain carbon matter
21
What is
xylem?
Vascular tissue that modifies to become thorns or hairs
Vascular tissue that lets water and air in and out
Vascular tissue that carries water and dissolved minerals up to the plant
Vascular tissue that carries the products of photosynthesis in the plant
22
What are
root hairs
?
Cells with tiny projections, help with water and nutrient absorption
Cells that are not specialized in the root
Where the above ground tree roots are fuzzy
Long, thick, shiny hairs underneath the leaves, helps with slowing wind
23
What are
petals?
Modified leaves to attract pollinators
Provides food source for the plant
The male system of a flowering plant
24
What are
plants
Multicellular Prokaryotes that do photosynthesis
Single celled organisms that photosynthesize
Single celled organisms that do not photosynthesize
Multicellular Eukaryotes that do photosynthesis
25
What is
wood
?
tree :3 🌳
A hardy stem of a plant
A fibrous material made up of dead cells that are part of the vasc system
A fibrous material made up of Collenchyma that is part of the vasc system
26
What is
botany
?
The study of mirco-organisms
The study of biology
The study of plants
The study of plants and animals
27
What is
dermal tissue?
Transports water and mineral nutrients, xylem and phloem
Make up the inside of the plant, support, stores material in the roots/stem
Covers the outside of the plant and protects it
28
What is a
dicot?
A flowering plants seed that has two embryonic leaves
A seed that is pollinated twice
A fruit-bearing plant with three leaves
A two-celled plant structure
29
The dermal tissue helps with plant support.
False
True
30
What is a
vascular cylinder?
Where sclerenchyma is stored
Center of the root, made of xylem and phloem
Where the process of meiosis begins
The root tip structure
31
seeds need certain conditions to come out of
dormancy
False
True
32
What is a
blade
?
Broad, flat, collects sunlight
Marks where the leaf ends
Holds the leave onto the plant
The dermal layers of a leaf
33
What is the
stomata
Holes in the cuticle that assist in Photosynthesis
Small holes for respiration
Small holes in the cuticle that let water in and out
Small holes that the leaf can see out of
34
What is
tropism?
The movement of a plant in response to environmental stimulus
A chemical messenger in a plant that stimulates or supresses cell activity
35
What is a
gymnosperm
Seed plant thats seeds are not enclosed in fruit
Seed plant thats seeds are enclosed in some type of fruit
36
What is a
pollen grain?
Single celled and does not divide
Single celled structure, divides into sperm
Two-celled structure, divides to form sperm
Two-celled and does not divide
37
What are
parenchyma cells
?
A dead cell typically found in woody plants
Young cells that allow plants to grow
The most common type of plant cell, the parent cell
38
What is
gravitropism?
What makes plants respond to changing lengths of time
What makes plants lean towards the light
What makes plants respond to gravity, growing upwards, etc
What makes plants respond to touch
39
What is the
Vascular tissue system?
Covers the outside of the plant and protects it
Transports water and mineral nutrients, xylem and phloem
Make up the inside of the plant, support, stores material in the roots/stem
40
What is a
monocot?
a plant with one embryonic seed leaf
a plant that is single-celled
a multicellular ovary of a flower
a plant with two embryonic seed leaves
41
What is
cohesion-tension theory?
(2 answers)
Proposes that the tension in the stem causes it to not touch cell walls
Hydrogen bonds form between water molecules and create cohesion
Proposes that the properties of water allow the rise of water thru a plant
Proposes that water moves down in the plant instead of up
42
What is
ground tissue?
Covers the outside of the plant and protects it
Make up the inside of the plant, support, stores material in the roots/stem
Transports water and mineral nutrients, xylem and phloem
43
What is the
carpel?
The innermost layer of a flower, female reproductive system
The female cone
The spore producing part of the plant
The male cone
44
Moss do
alternation of generation
False
True
45
What is
ethnobotany
?
The study of plants and humans
The study of farms and how people run them
The study of how people in different cultures use plants
The study of man-made plants
46
What are
auxins?
Lengthens the plant, apical meristem
Starts germination
47
What are
fibrous roots?
Systems that make roots with fine branches
Systems that create thick roots that can reach up to 3 miles in length
Thin but singular roots that take in all water
The thick vertical root with smaller branches on many veggies
48
What is the
pressure-flow model?
A well-supported theory that pressure is what keeps the stem stable
A theory that explains how food or sap move through a plant, source + sink
A theory on how pressure moves photosynthesis products through the stigma
The theory that water and sap become the same thickness due to pressure
49
What is
ethylene?
Hormone that causes plants to lengthen
Hormone that causes plants to ripen
50
What is an
angiosperm
Seed plant thats seeds are not enclosed in fruit
Seed plant thats seeds are enclosed in some type of fruit
51
What is the
ovary?
Spore producer at the base of the flower
Gamete producer at the base of the flower
52
What are
collenchyma cells
?
A dead cell typically found in woody plants
Young cells that allow plants to grow
The most common type of plant cell, the parent cell
53
What is a
seed?
Pollen is dispersed from the seed
Where the pollen is stored
Storage device for plant embryos
54
Sclerenchyma
continues to grow
False
True
55
Monocots have ringed vascular tissue
False
True
56
What is
phototropism?
What makes plants respond to touch
What makes plants respond to gravity, growing upwards, etc
What makes plants respond to changing lengths of time
What makes plants lean towards the light
57
What is a
fruit
?
The male reproductive system of a vegetable
The mature ovary of a flower
The pollen producer
yumy
58
What is
thigmotropism?
What makes plants respond to touch
What makes plants lean towards the light
What makes plants respond to gravity, growing upwards, etc
What makes plants respond to changing lengths of time
59
What are
guard cells?
Helps the buds for new plant growth
Surrounds each stoma, opens and closes
Cells that repair plants
Cells that fight infection in plants
60
meristem
cells
can turn into tissues
True
False
61
What is a
stamen?
The male structure of a plant
Abosrbs the most sunlight for photosynthesis
The guard cells of the flower
Innermost layer of a flower
62
What is
pharmacology
?
The study of drugs and their effects on the body
The study of plants and the effects on the body
The creation of medication
The creation of plant medicine (such as herbal remedies)
63
What is
mesophyll?
The reason why plant sap is sticky
The layers of tissue in a leaf
Parenchyma that is between two dermal tissue layers
The veins that are made up of xylem and phloem
64
What are
cytokinins?
A chemical messenger in a plant that stimulates or supresses cell activity
They stimulate cytokinesis
65
What is a
taproot?
Branches on a tree with the leaves
A root that can tap through the ground to find underground water sources
Systems that create thin branches for mineral absorbtion
Systems that have long, thick, vertical root with smaller branches
66
What is the
endosperm?
The food supply for a developing plant,
idk gng :3
The process of the sperm fertilizing an egg
The place that plant sperm is produced
67
What is a
cotyledon?
The embryo of a plant
The part where the plant emerges from the seed
The outer layer of the seed
The embryonic leaf inside of a seed
68
What are
sclerenchyma cells?
The most common type of plant cell, the parent cell
Young cells that allow plants to grow
A dead cell typically found in woody plants
69
Lignin hardens the cell walls of some vascular tissues
True
False
70
What is the
meristem?
The long vertical root on a plant (radish, carrot, etc)
The spongy inner part of the plant that has stomata
Fine root branches
Not specialized, but when divided the cells can specialize into tissue
71
What is a
petiole?
The chemical that allows the leaves to absorb sunlight
The holes that allow water in and out
The part that absorbs the most sunlight
The part that holds the leaf to the plant
72
What is a
sepal?
Modified leaves to help protect a flowering plant
The ovary of the plant
A bud that contains the pollen of a flower
Being pollinated by animals
73
What is
secondary growth?
The growth of leaves and flowers
The widening of roots
Lengthening of roots
Widens the root and stems
