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CH7: Cognition and Mental Abilities Flashcards | StudBud
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CH7: Cognition and Mental Abilities
CH7: Cognition and Mental Abilities
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Students will review this quiz in class as a working study guide.
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1
The intelligence describe by keen insight to patterns, reasoning, and logical analysis is...
naturalistic
logical-mathmatical
2
In this heuristic, you continually try to move towards your goal without going backwards.
subgoals
means end analysis
hill climbing
availability
3
Sternberg's
theory of intelligence is...
the triarchic theory
the theory of multiple intelligences
4
Goleman
believes that there is a form of intelligence called...
puzzle intelligence
emotional intelligence
5
Creative intelligence refers to...
the ability to adjust to new tasks, concepts, and ideas
the ability to solve practical and personal problems
6
Spoken language is based on units of sound called....
phonemes
morphemes
7
An image is......
a picture hanging up in an art museum
a mental representation of sensory experience
a category for classifying stimuli
a mental model containing the most basic features of stimuli
8
In which heuristic is judgement made based on information that is most easily retrievable?
representativeness
availability
means end analysis
working backwards
9
TRUE OR FALSE: Sternberg's intelligence theory is the triarchic theory.
FALSE
TRUE
10
Kinesthetic intelligence refers to the ability to control......
musical talents within the brain that require concentration
one's body in situations that require perfect control
11
Which types of tests try to eliminate culture biases that may vary from person to person?
performance tests
culture fair tests
12
Human language is a __________ system of ___________ that enables us to communicate our ideas
flexible; alphabet
stiff; alphabet
flexible; symbols
stiff; symbols
13
What do we call a rational decision making model that helps evaluate different solutions?
compensatory model
compromise model
14
If a correlation coefficient of a data set is 0.15, then you could reasonably infer that...
the two factors in the experiment don't correlate
the two factors in the experiment correlate
the two factors are inversely proportionate
the two factors are inversely dependent
15
Meaningful combinations of phonemes are called...
languages
morphemes
symbols
syntax
16
Numeration is the capacity to use...
symbols
language
numbers
money
17
In which heuristic does a new situation get judged on the basis of its resemblance to a model?
stereotypicalness
availability
mental set
representativeness
18
Another aspect of successfully representing a problem is deciding..
if you have solved a similar problem, and then use subgoals
which category the problem belongs to
which algorithm needs to be used
if the problem requires math to solve it
19
What are the three most important building blocks of thought?
images, concepts, IQ
images, consciousness, language
language, concepts, cognition
language, images, and concepts
20
Gardner's
theory of intelligence is
the triarchic theory
the theory of multiple intelligences
21
The tendency to perceive and approach problems in a certain way is a...
functional fixedness
mental set
slight perceptual disadvantage
mental acquisition stereotype
22
Analytical intelligence refers to...
the ability to find solutions to practical problems
general intelligence (math, writing, problem solving, etc)
23
If a math test tests one's ability in grammar, then the test DOESN'T have...
reliability
content validity
24
Solving a problem with only one possible solution calls for...
divergent thinking
convergent thinking
25
(According to Chomsky) When producing speech, what is the first step?
choosing words and phrases to present the thought
finding a thought that you want to express in words
producing speech
hypnotizing people to induce the speech telepathically
26
Mental categories for classifying objects, people, or experience are called...
concepts
prototypes
27
Problems that have more than one solution and require flexible, inventive approaches call for..
convergent thinking
divergent thinking
28
The Stanford-Binet intelligence scale was developed to identify...
adults who were eligible for a refund from the IRS
who was elligible to work on the first atomic bomb
general IQ
children who could have a hard time learning in school
29
Psychologists use this term to refer to all the mental processes we use to acquire/apply info
intelligence
IQ
cognition
consciousness
30
(according to Whorf) The language we speak determines our method of thinking, a view know as...
biological determinism
linguistic determinism
linguistic relativity law
universal relativity hypothesis
31
The first step in solving a problem is...
problem identification
problem solving
problem analysis
problem representation
32
Functional fixedness is the tendency to perceive...
only a limited amount of uses for an object
the wrong function for an object
too many functions for an object
too complex functions for simple objects
33
Which bias occurs when we perceive outcomes as inevitable/predictable after experiencing it?
hindsight bias
confirmation bias
34
TRUE or FALSE: Multitasking is an ability seen in many of the world's most intelligent people
TRUE
FALSE
35
Which of the following could be the deep structure to the sentence "I
really
like the beach"?
The beach has enjoyable activities.
The beach is a fun place to go.
The beach is not a fun place to go.
I want to go to the beach.
36
What are the three types of intelligences in the triarchic theory?
analytical, creative, and practical
creative, emotional, and practical
analytical, supernova, and practical
emotional, cryogenic, and supernova
37
A step by step method of problem solving that guarantees a solution is known as...
an algorithm
a means end analysis
a solution
a subgoal
38
What problem solving strategy is used by groups of people to come up with numerous ideas?
thinking session
biofeedback
mental thinking group
brainstorming
39
Intrapersonal intelligence involves...
recognizing emotions in others and managing relationships
knowing yourself and motivating yourself with emotions
40
Serialization is the ability to...
remember things at the beginning and end of a list
have a sense of self
put things in a certain order
read serial codes
41
What does IQ stand for?
intelligent question
intellect quotient
intelligence quotient
intellect question
42
Trying alternatives when you have limited time to find which one works best is using...
trial and error
means end analysis
information retrieval
algorithms
43
Which types of tests try to minimize the use of language?
culture fair tests
performance tests
44
What do we call language rules that determine how sounds and words can be combined?
deep structure language acquisition
syntax
semantics
grammar
45
Which bias occurs when we notice info that supports our beliefs and ignore info that denies it?
hindsight bias
confirmation bias
46
What is the 50
th
percentile IQ on the Stanford-Binet intelligence scale?
100
130
50
80
47
If an intelligence test is
valid
, then the test...
measures what it has been designed to measure
produces consistent and stable test results
48
Creativity is the ability to produce...
novel and socially valued ideas or objects
an array of divergent knowledge and problem solving tactics
49
If an intelligence test is
reliable,
then the test...
measures what it is designed to measure
produces consistent and stable scores from person to person
50
A general term given to the abilities involved in learning and adaptive behavior is...
genius
IQ
intelligence
smartness
51
Split half reliability
works by having peers...
take two similar tests and checking score agreement
split their grade in half until it can be proven reliable
take a test that is twice as long as the normal one
split their grade in half until it can be proven valid
52
Practical intelligence refers to the ability to...
solve general problems (math, writing, music, etc)
find solutions to practical and personal problems
53
Syntax is the basis of...
applying meaning to words
ordering words to fit their respective meanings in context
54
Thinking about alternate realities that never happened is an example of...
day dreaming
counterfactual thinking
creativity
wishful dreaming
55
A heuristic is...
a problem solving method that only helps sometimes
a rule of thumb that helps in complexifying problems
a rule of thumb that helps in simplifying/solving problems
a problem solving method that doesn't guarantee a solution
56
Semantics is the basis of...
ordering words to fit their respective meanings in context
applying meaning to words
57
Chipping in money to a Disneyland fund without taking money out uses which heuristic?
representativeness
availability
hill climbing
algorithmic availability apprehension application approach
58
Spearman
thought that intelligence is...
quite general
composed of several distinct mental abilities
59
Which heuristic works by starting with the end goal and working toward the beginning situation?
reverse working
availability
brain backward thinking
working backward
60
Interpersonal intelligence involves...
recognizing emotions in others and managing relationships
knowing yourself and motivating yourself with emotions
61
Group tests are different that individual tests because they...
test different age groups
test harder material
test heuristic abilities
test more people at once
62
Intentionally walking a batter with two outs to bring a weaker batter to the plate is using...
the working backwards heuristic
the means end analysis heuristic
the reverse melancholy acquisition application approach
the ups and down achiever mechanism heuristic
63
Morphemes can consist of...
cognition and IQ
phonemes and grammar
semantics and syntax
prefixes and suffixes
64
The two major components of grammar are...
cognition and consciousness
language and concepts
syntax and semantics
deep structure and surface structure
65
The model shown in the picture represents a...
correlational study
compensatory model
66
The sounds
t, th,
and
k
are all...
phonemes
morphemes
67
Thurstone
thought that intelligence is...
quite general
composed of several, distinct abilities
68
In this heuristic, you compare your current situation and final outcome to reduce discrepancies
means end analysis
representativeness
ups and downs achiever mechanism
availability
69
Working on one subsection of math per day instead of doing it all in one sitting is using...
trial and error problem solving method
the hill climbing heuristic
the subgoals heuristic
the means end analysis heuristic
70
The Wechsler Adult Intelligence scale was developed for...
anyone for any reason
children to test for general IQ
adults to test verbal and performance abilities
young adults to test creative and practical intelligence
71
Animals communicate using
signs,
which are stereotyped ______________ about their _____ ______.
signals; past state
communications; current state
biases; current state
communications; past state
72
The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children was developed for...
children to test general IQ
children to test verbal and performance abilities
73
In this heuristic, you break down the problem into more manageable goals for easier handling.
subgoals
algorithm
means end analysis
hill climbing
74
Which of the following is the surface structure to the sentence "Psychology is a fun class"?
I forgot my psychology book at home and now I am lost.
I enjoy lunch more than I enjoy psychology.
Psychology is an enjoyable class.
I hate this psychology class.
