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Week #2 Infant, Toddler, and Preschool Flashcards | StudBud
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Week #2 Infant, Toddler, and Preschool
Week #2 Infant, Toddler, and Preschool
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Week #2
Flashcards
60 cards
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Practice quiz
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Host live
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Questions
60
Answers
1
What age would most children could understand “under,” “on top of,” “beside,” and “in back of”?
4 years
18 months
24 months
3 years
2
An infant is crying and shaking their head. What feature of pain is the infant showing?
Character
Type
Location
intensity
3
A one month-old infant's back of their head is flat. What would you tell the mother?
Place the infant in a sitting position
Use a small pillow under the head
Position infant on tummy when awake and active
Turn infant on side when sleeping
4
A 4 year-old is reluctant to take medicine. What intervention should the nurse take?
Mix the medicine with food or juice
Have the parents give the medicine
Use a straightforward approach.
Come back later when they are ready
5
In terms of language and cognitive development, a 4-year-old child would be expected to:
Follow simple commands.
Comprehend another person’s perspective.
Think in abstract terms.
Understand conservation of matter.
6
When assessing a healthy child's lymph nodes, what should you expect?
Rubbery
Round protrusions
Non-palpable
Hard and unmovable
7
A newborn's mother has type O+ blood and the infant has type B+ blood. The infant is at highest risk for
Hypoglycemia
Erythema toxicum
Hyperbilirubinemia
Phenylketonuria
8
What is descriptive of the preschooler’s understanding of time?
Has no understanding of time
Can tell time on a clock
Uses terms like “yesterday” appropriately
Associates time with events
9
The mother of a child is suspected of having Munchausen syndrome. What should be in the care plan?
Monitor all items brought into the room by the mother
Mother needs to be supervised when with child
No visits by mother allowed
Have a CNA stay with child at all times
10
Which intervention helps a hospitalized toddler feel a sense of control?
Follow the child’s usual routines for feeding and bedtime.
Assign the same nurses to care for the child.
Require parents to stay with the child.
Put a cover over the child’s crib.
11
A nurse receives a phone call from a mother about her 6 week old baby. He is crying a lot everyday. What can she do?
Change the baby's formula
Have the infant come to the office for more information
Tell her to burp the baby better
Have the infant sit up for 30 minutes to one hour after feed
12
What type of play is considered cooperative play?
Sharing toys with another child
Playing checkers
Building a sand castle by themselves
Driving a reac car
13
A 2 year-old has difficulty in activities, sensory sensitivity and has only speaks one word responses Assess with what
Psychology Questionnaire
Behavioral style questionnaire
Wong's Baker Scale
The modified Checklist for Autism toddlers
14
A 2 year-old boy is playing with mud and dirt. What type of play is this?
Sense-pleasure
Associative
Unoccupied play
Social-affective
15
When entering into an infant's room the door slams shut and the infant jerks and starts to cry. This is what reflex?
Startle
Moro
Rooting
Normal response
16
An RN is assessing a 2 1/2 year-old toddler. What finding should you report to the provider?
Anterior and posterior fontanels are closed
Head circumference exceeds chest circumference
Height increased by 7.5 cm (3in) in the past year
Current weight equals four times the birth weight
17
RN doing a developmental screening on a 10 mo should expect which fine motor skills from infant?
try building a two-block tower & grasp rattle by handle
Use crude pincer grasp & place objects into container
Place objects into container & walks with one hand held
Grasp rattle by handle & use pincer grasp
18
What are risk factors for SIDS?
Breastfeeding
Exposure to secondhand smoke
Recent viral illness
Gender
19
According to Kohlberg's preconventional level of moral development, a preschooler who has moral reasoning
Follows the rules
Understands actions are either good or bad and have consequences
Listens to their mother and father
Trys to please others
20
Before assessing a 4-year-old child, what techniques would you use to approach this child?
Tell the child that you like their Batman shirt. He is your favorite
Bribe them with a reward if they are good during the examination
Tell the child that you are a really good nurse
Tell the child what you are going to be doing to them
21
What technique can be used to exam a toddler?
Place the child on the stretcher for the examination
Use play to assess body parts
Start with the head and work toward the toes
Listen to the heart and lungs first
22
What fine motor skill is expected of a 4-year-old child?
Tie shoelaces
Button a shirt
Skip using alternate feet
Walk upstairs using alternate feet
23
When do you switch formula/breast milk to whole milk?
18 months
6 months
12 months
9 months
24
When an infant's toes spread when the soles of the feet are stroked this is called:
Babinski reflex
Rooting reflex
Grasping reflex
Startle reflex
25
Which would alert the nurse to hold the digoxin on an infant she is caring for?
Bounding peripheral pulses
A heart rate of 90
Digoxin level of 3.3
A potassium level of 2.4 meq/L
26
A parent of 18-month-old boy says that he says “no” to everything and rapid mood swings.
This is unusual behavior for his age.
He is showing he needs more attention.
This is normal behavior for his age.
He is not effectively coping with stress.
27
A child has been admitted with profuse diarrhea for 2 days. What would you expect?
Metabolic alkalosis
Hypokalemia
Metabolic acidosis
Hypernatremia
28
What pain scale would you use on a 3 1/2 year-old child?
Faces
Observation scale
FLACC
Numeric
29
When teaching about car seats for a newborn infant
Car seat from 10 year old sister may be used
Gently used car seat, less than 1 year old from a friend may be used
New car seats received from family are good to use
Rear facing in back seat
30
The nurse notices with patches in the mouth of an infant that cannot be removed with tongue blade. Intervention?
Observe sucking and swallowing
Discuss need for medicine to treat patches
Assess respirations
Switch formula
31
Infants crawl before they walk. This pattern of growth and development is called
Directional trends
Sequential trends
Sensitive periods
Developmental pace
32
What gross motor skills should a 4 year-old be able to do?
Hop on one or two feet
Tie shoelaces
Jumping rope
Walk up stairs using both feet
33
What should an infant be able to do at 9 months?
Sit with support
Roll completely over
Pull themselves up on their feet
Voluntarily hold a rattle
34
Before performing a physical assessment on a toddler the nurse should do what to encourage cooperation?
Use minimal physical contact at first
Parents restrain child
Utilize play and let child touch the equipment
Reward the child
35
The natural physical developmental sequence that most children follow is:
Crawl, creep, roll over, cruise, lift head, and then walk.
Creep, crawl, roll over, cruise, lift head, and then walk.
Lift head, roll over, creep, crawl, cruise and then walk.
Roll over, lift head, creep, crawl, cruise, and then walk.
36
A 3-month-old infant does not sleep through the night. What finding is most significant?
Infant has multiple caregivers
Infant has a severe diaper rash
Infant take a long time to drink formula
Formaul has been switched several times
37
What safety instructions would you teach the parents of a 6 month old child?
Do not lay infant on changing table alone or with out a safety harness on.
Introduce food two at a time two day apart.
Car seat rear facing
Cover electrical outlets
38
What should an infant do at three months ?
Lift head up
Creep
Crawls
Rolls over
39
Erikson describes infants as Trust versus Mistrust. What does trust mean?
The infants can predict what is coming and their needs are met
The infant is a calmer happier child
The infant has to cry a long time to get someones attention
The infant feels secure
40
What does the rooting reflex enable the infant to do?
Be startled
Cry
Breast or bottle feed
Sleep
41
Normal language skills for a 3-year-old child?
Speaks 4 word sentences
Uses 1 word
Understands the alphabet
Uses 1 to 2 word sentences
42
The first expected fine motor developmental milestones for an infant begins with:
Reflex palmar grasp
Voluntary palmar grasp
Neat pincer grasp
Puts objects into a container
43
Frequent developmental assessments are important for which reason?
Stable developmental periods can identify delays or deficits
Child development is unpredictable and needs monitoring.
Infants need stimulation specific to stage of development
Critical periods of development occur during childhood.
44
When and how do you introduce solid food to infants?
Add fruits and vegetables together
Introduce food at 6 months
Wait 4-7 days in before adding another food
Introduce 1 food at a time
45
An infant is NPO due to their medical condition. What is important to remember?
Offer non-nutritive sucking
Put a little formula on the tongue to give the infant the flavor.
Put two drops of water on the tongue
Vigorous mouth care
46
How can you prevent otitis media in infants?
Position prone after feeds
Avoid any exposure to smoke
Keep ears clean with Q-tips
Frequent breast feeding
47
Parents are concerned. Her 8 month-old child is not developing like their older child. What is normal for 8 months?
Sit alone unsupported
Puts blocks into container
Rolling completely over
Takes first step by themselves
48
Which intervention may decrease the incidence of physiologic jaundice in a healthy term infant?
Initiate breastfeeding when the danger of jaundice is past
Institute early and frequent feedings
Place the infant’s crib near a window for exposure to sunlight
Bathe the infant when the axillary temperature is 36.3° C (97.3° F)
49
In general, an infant should triple their birth weight at about _____________ months of age.
3
15
6
12
50
How do you communicate with parents that do not speak a language that you know?
Use telephone interpreters provided by the hospital
See if any staff member speaks the language
Ask the adolescent who came with the parents to translate for you
Try to figure out what the parent is saying
51
What are the cognitive characteristics of a child (2-7) in the preoperational stage?
Imaginative
Logical
Unable to understand others point of view
Uses ojects to represent something else ie broom/horse
52
What pain scale would you use to assess the pain of a toddler?
FLACC scale
How loud they cry
Numeric scale
Faces scale
53
You need to do an assessment on an infant. You walk into the room and the infant is asleep in the mother's arm.
Have the parent place the child on the exam table
Listen to their heart sounds
Come back later
Assess the respiratory status
54
Which Erikson stages of developmental levels would be used for a toddler?
Trust versus mistrust
Industry versus inferiority
Initiative versus guilt
Autonomy versus shame and doubt
55
A 3 year-old child is having an outpatient procedure. How would you help the child to be less fearful?
Draw a picture
Have pictures to share with the child
Explain to the child what needs to be done
Use a doll and let them see what you are going to do.
56
Which nursing action is appropriate to teach a preschool-aged child about a scheduled procedure?
Give them a diagram
Let the parents teach the child
Only teach the parents
Use a doll to explain procedure
57
Types of play considered to be sense-pleasure play:
Playing in sand
Playing checkers
Finger painting
Playing with mashed potatoes with fingers
58
What would you suspect if you note that an infant's chin is quivering, fists clenched, and inconsolable?
Colic
Pain
Hunger
Needs diaper changed
59
Which intervention lowers the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
Letting the infant sleep with the parents instead of alone in the crib
Keeping the window open if one is smoking near the infant
Placing the infant in the supine position for sleeping
Making certain the infant is kept very warm while sleeping
60
Erikson's autonomy versus shame and doubt is used to describe toddlers. What does this mean?
Toddler can play all by themself
Shame is when the parents do not allow the toddler to try new things
Allowing the infant to try new things
Toddlers can do things for themselves