Which statement best describes these two species featured in the graph below?

Species A is a predator and species B is its prey.

Which of the following best describes the role of the thyroid gland in the endocrine system?

Controls rate of metabolism & affects growth & development

Which statement best describes the concept of endothermy in animals?

Maintaining constant internal body temperature despite external changes

Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of the phylum Chordata?

The presences of a notochord during embryonic development

Organisms from an ecosystem are shown below. Which statement concerning an organism in this ecosystem is correct?

Organism 3 helps recycle materials.

What is the purpose of a buffer solution in gel electrophoresis?

To provide ions that support the flow of electricity through the gel

Which factor would have the greatest effect on the flow of energy into an ecosystem?

a large decrease in the amount of sunlight available

See question about viruses

errors introduced in the DNA through reverse transcription.

What role does the digestive system play in the immune response?

It harbors beneficial bacteria that aid in fighting off pathogens

Why are frogs restricted to living in a moist environment?

frog eggs lack a shell and dehydrate quickly in dry environments

To be effective, a simple experiment must

manipulate one variable at a time.

What is the basic structure of a virus?

DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat

Which of the following activities occurs during cytokinesis?

The cell plate divides a plant cell into two cells.

Decomposers are important in the environment because they

convert large molecules into simpler molecules that can then be recycled

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Questions 94

Answers

1
Which statement best describes these two species featured in the graph below?
Species A is a scavenger and species B is its decomposer.
Species A is a producer and species B is its consumer.
Species A is a predator and species B is its prey.
Species A is a host and species B is its parasite.
2
Virus infected cells, foreign cells, and cancer cells are all combated by ______
Leukocytes
T cells
Langerhans immune cells
Corneocytes
3
Read the passage below to answer the question.
Laboratory
Experimental
Observational
Clinical
4
Which of the following best describes the role of the thyroid gland in the endocrine system?
Controls rate of metabolism & affects growth & development
Regulates sleep-wake cycle to maintain circadian rhythms
Regulates calcium levels in blood for heart, nerves, & muscles
Produces amino acids the body needs to regulate proteins
5
Which participants in chemical reactions are most likely to be regenerated & not appear in the net reactions?
Catalysts
Products
Reactants
Intermediates
6
Endosymbiotic theory suggests which cell parts are descended from prokaryote ancestors
mitochondria & chloroplasts
peroxisomes & lysosomes
lysosomes & Golgi bodies
tonoplasts and cisternae
7
Which statement best describes the concept of endothermy in animals?
Having a lower metabolic rate compared to ectothermic animals
Maintaining constant internal body temperature despite external changes
Surviving extreme temperature fluctuation without physiological adjustments
Regulating body temperature primarily through external sources of heat
8
How do the feeding mechanism of sponges differ from other animals?
All of the above
sponges can only feed on particles smaller than their cells
sponges draw in water carrying food particles using flagella
digestion of food particles happens inside the cell through phagocytosis
9
Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of the phylum Chordata?
An open circulatory system
Bilateral symmetry in adults
The presences of a notochord during embryonic development
A complete digestive system
10
Organisms from an ecosystem are shown below. Which statement concerning an organism in this ecosystem is correct?
Organism 5 must obtain its energy from organism 1.
Organism 3 helps recycle materials.
Organism 2 is heterotrophic.
Organism 4 obtains all of its nutrients from an abiotic source.
11
What is the purpose of a buffer solution in gel electrophoresis?
To stain the DNA fragments for later visual analysis
To provide ions that support the flow of electricity through the gel
To make the gel solidify before being placed into the electrophoresis tank
To speed up the movement of DNA fragments in the electrophoresis process
12
Which factor would have the greatest effect on the flow of energy into an ecosystem?
a large increase in the number of carnivores
a large decrease in the amount of sunlight available
a small increase in the number of decomposers
a small decrease in the amount of minerals available
13
See question about viruses
errors in the protein molecules produced in translation.
damage to the virus particle from envelope loss.
errors introduced in the DNA through reverse transcription.
recombination of the genomes of free virus particles.
14
Which of the following animal phyla are classified as deuterostomes?
Echinodermata
Mollusca
Annelida
Arthropoda
15
Which of the following is a Monotreme?
koala
possum
platypus
kangaroo
16
A partial food web is represented in the diagram below. Letter X most likely represents ________.
Decomposers
Autotrophs
Parasites
Carnivores
17
Which of the following types of data is considered quantitative?
flower color
bird species
fish gender
plant height
18
What role does the digestive system play in the immune response?
It physically blocks pathogens from entering the body
It harbors beneficial bacteria that aid in fighting off pathogens
It produces hormones that stimulate the immune response
It produces and releases lymphocytes
19
Which phylum lacks true tissues & organs, with individuals functioning as aggregations of specialized cells?
Annelida
Porifera
Echinodermata
Cnidaria
20
The large central opening in the poriferan body of sponges & cnidarians is called the _____.
picule
osculum
stia
emmule
21
Why are frogs restricted to living in a moist environment?
frogs secrete mucus that interacts with water
frog cells lose more water through transpiration than other organisms
frog eggs lack a shell and dehydrate quickly in dry environments
frogs are amphibians and, like fish, can only breathe underwater
22
To be effective, a simple experiment must
stand alone without replication.
manipulate one variable at a time.
validate the hypothesis being tested.
occur in a research laboratory.
23
What term would be used to describe decomposers?
phototroph
chemoautotroph
autotroph
heterotroph
24
The graph below shows the percent of variation for a given trait in four different populations of the same species.
2
3
1
4
25
Which of the following vitamins helps regulate the blood calcium level?
A
C
B
D
26
Viruses can reproduce on their own.
True
False
27
Vertebrates: Members of Chondrichthyes differ from members of Osteichthyes by having a ________.
two sets of paired fins
bony skeleton
cartilaginous skeleton
jaw
28
What is the basic structure of a virus?
DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat
A capsid surrounded by a protein coat
A bacteriophage surrounded by a membrane
a tiny cell surrounded by a cell wall
29
What level of ecology studies various species in a given area?
Ecosystem
Individual
Population
Community
30
DNA in prokaryotes is found in
A single, circular chromosome
Multiple linear chromosomes
Inside a nucleus
Outside of the cell
31
Read the question and select the best response based on your knowledge of genetics.
a polygenic effect
a pleiotropic effect
incomplete dominance
codominance
32
A virus is non-living because_____.
it does not contain cells
it can evolve
it does not contain DNA or RNA
it can replicate
33
Which population in this food web would most likely be negatively affected by an increase in the mouse population?
Snake
Rabbit
Wolf
Hawk
34
Which of the following activities occurs during cytokinesis?
The cell plate divides a plant cell into two cells.
The cell plate divides an animal cell into two cells.
The cleavage furrow divides a plant cell into two cells.
The cleavage furrow divides a bacterium into two cells.
35
Human body plans are bilaterally symmetrical & have 3 germ layers make them triploblasts.
True
False
36
Which animal phylum is characterized by a pseudocoelomate body plan?
Mollusca
Annelida
Nematoda
Platyhelminthes
37
What is a common byproduct of chemosynthesis?
Nitrogen
Glucose
Methane
Oxygen
38
One of the important aspects of scientific experiments is that they must
have a qualitative dimension.
be subject to repetition.
not contradict scientific consensus.
either prove or disprove the hypothesis.
39
Which of the following glands is both endocrine and exocrine?
adrenal
thyroid
pituitary
pancreas
40
If two organisms are in the same phylum, they must also be in the same:
Kingdom
Species
Family
Class
41
Decomposers are important in the environment because they
can take in carbon dioxide and convert it into oxygen
convert large molecules into simpler molecules that can then be recycled
convert molecules of dead organisms to permanent biotic parts of ecosystems
release heat from large molecules that is recycled through the ecosystem
42
Viruses have strands of DNA or RNA covered in a protective protein.
False
True
43
An individual has an extra copy of chromosome 16 in their genome. Their condition would be accurately described as ____
haploid monosomy
haploid trisomy
aneuploid monosomy
aneuploid trisomy
44
Which animal phylum is characterized by a segmented body, an exoskeleton made of chitin, and jointed appendages?
Nematoda
Annelida
Mollusca
Arthropoda
45
Nearly all single-celled eukaryotes that are either heterotrophic or photosynthetic belong to the kingdom ______.
Fungi
Protista
Plantae
Animalia
46
This statement is an example of misinformation: Viruses can travel on radio waves/mobile networks
This is a fact
This is misinformation
47
Which of the following phyla primarily exhibits radial symmetry?
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Chordata
Cnidaria
48
A genetic disorder caused by the movement of a segment of chromosome 22 to chromosome 9 is an example of _______.
duplication
deletion
translocation
inversion
49
Which kingdom contains "extremophiles"?
fungi
eubacteria
protista
archaebacteria
50
Regarding features of the animal kingdom, which of the following does not occur?
bilaterally symmetrical deuterostome
protostomic coelomate
radially symmetrical diploblast
diploblastic eucoelomate
51
Chemosynthetic microbes provide the foundation for biological colonization of ___________.
deep-sea vents
mud flats
tidal pools
coral reefs
52
The size of a mouse population in a natural ecosystem tends to remain relatively constant due to ______.
increased numbers of decomposers
cycling of energy
the lack of natural predators
the carrying capacity of the environment
53
Why are bacteria classified as prokaryotes?
Unable to produce amino acids.
Do not require oxygen to perform respiration.
Cannot produce their own food.
Lack membrane-bound nuclei.
54
The graphs below show the changes in the relative concentrations of two gases in the air surrounding a group of mice.
photosynthesis
respiration
active transport
evaporation
55
Read the question and select the best response.
Length of exposure
Number of crustaceans
Temperature
Heart rate
56
Read the short passage, and answer the question below.
Mitochondrion
Ribosome
Endoplasmic reticulum
Chloroplast
57
Organisms in the Kingdom Animalia are:
multicellular and heterotrophic
multicellular and autotrophic
unicellular and autotrophic
unicellular and autotrophic
58
Read the question and select the best response.
diffusion
cytoplasmic streaming
active transport
osmosis
59
Which of the following statements about plant vacuoles is true?
Plants store digestive enzymes in vacuoles to fight pathogens.
Plants do not have vacuoles, as they are not prokaryotic cells.
Plants have multiple small vacuoles.
Plants have a large central vacuole keeping shape & pressure for cells.
60
Read the question below and select the best answer.
lysosomes
plastids
vacuoles
microtubules
61
What is a basic characteristic of a virus?
Commonly found in cattle intestines
Grows in food
Requires a living host to grow
Destroyed by cooking
62
Read the question and select the best response.
colonial animals & are likely to kill any bat with a human scent on it
often carriers of rabies & are likely to bite if they are infected
very aggressive and are likely to attack anyone who comes close
highly excitable and are likely to die if they are handled by humans
63
Using your knowledge of taxonomy, which of the following pairs is MOST closely related?
dog and tapeworm
ameba and bacteria
tapeworm and bacteria
mushroom and tree
64
How can a stem be involved in vegetative reproduction?
Bulbs
Rhizomes
Tubers
Eyes
65
In vertebrate species, sudoriferous glands produce ________.
milk
sebum
lipids
sweat
66
The graph below indicates the size of a fish population over a period of time. What does section "A" represent?
biodiversity within the species
a population becoming extinct
a population at equilibrium
nutritional relationships of the species
67
Exaggerated & stylized grooming, preening, & food-gathering behaviors of birds are elaborate communications related to
preparing for migration.
courting a mate.
fledging young.
selecting a nest.
68
Which of the following is not an example of a prezygotic barrier?
two species mating and creating a different sterile species
two species with non-compatible gametes
two species of birds with different mating songs
two species of animals with different mating rituals
69
Which of the following is not a feature common to most animals?
asexual reproduction
heterotrophic nutrient sourcing
specialized tissues
development into a fixed body plan
70
Organisms that can to manufacture organic nutrients from substances in the abiotic environment are classified as ____.
Heterotrophs
Predators
Autotrophs
Fungi
71
Cnidocytes are found in _____.
phylum Cnidaria
phylum Porifera
phylum Nemertea
phylum Nematoda
72
Some of the energy taken in by an organism is not available to other organisms in a food web, because that energy is
lost to the environment as heat
stored in eggs produced during sexual reproduction
stored in the remains of a dead animal
produced in muscle tissue during the growth of an organism
73
Which sequence of events best describes a common scientific research methodology?
hypothesize, observe, analyze, experiment
observe, experiment, hypothesize, analyze
hypothesize, experiment, observe, analyze
observe, hypothesize, experiment, analyze
74
Which of the following best describes how vacuoles differ between plant cells and animal cells?
Animal cells use vacuoles for nutrient storage while plant cells do not.
Vacuoles in plant cells are small and used to transport nutrients.
Plant cells have a single vacuole while animal cells have multiple.
Vacuoles in animal cells provide turgor pressure to maintain cell shape .
75
Prokaryotes divide in a process called _____.
meiosis
binary fission
cell division
mitosis
76
Base your answer to the question on the passage below and on your knowledge of biology.
a wide variety of predators
very few flowering plants
a large population of competing species
an abundant food supply
77
What does statistical significance in a scientific study mean?
The results are important and meaningful
The results are unlikely to be due to chance
The results were obtained using a large sample size
The results are only useful for statisticians
78
Which component of a stable ecosystem can not be recycled?
Oxygen
Water
Energy
Nitrogen
79
A virus is not a living thing because it cant reproduce without
DNA
Sex
A cell
Protein
80
The diagram below represents a process that occurs in nature. This diagram can be used to illustrate the _____.
effect of human intervention on a stable ecosystem
evolution of mosses to trees over 200 years
ecological succession from bare rock to stable ecosystem
effects of reduced competition between different types of plant life
81
What is the most likely effect on plant tissue of an excess of sodium chloride in soil?
denaturation of enzymes
depletion of oxygen
alteration of lipid structures
creation of water deficit
82
Which vertebrate group is still largely dependent on aquatic environments for reproduction due to their permeable eggs?
Reptiles
Amphibians
Birds
Mammals
83
One biotic factor that affects consumers in an ocean ecosystem is
number of autotrophs
salt content
pH of water
temperature variation
84
A defining characteristic of the phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms) is their:
Complete digestive system
Presence of coelom
Bilateral symmetry
Acoelomate body plan
85
Which of the following is not a characteristic of gymnosperms?
They produce flowers
They do not produce fruit
They produce seeds
They are pollinated by the wind
86
Read the short passage, and answer the questions below.
The Golgi complex modifies lipids that have been produced by the rough ER.
The Golgi complex's enzymes digest faulty proteins produced in the rough ER
The Golgi complex modifies & packages proteins produced in the rough ER.
The Golgi complex translates proteins with instructions from the rough ER.
87
Which characteristic is a key adaptation for terrestrial life observed in reptiles but generally absent in amphibians?
Gills for gas exchange
Amniotic egg for reproduction
Scales or feathers for insulation
Ectothermy (cold-bloodedness)
88
Which of the following are adaptations that allow for flight in birds?
All of the above
feathers streamline the body & assist in flight
being endothermic allows for high metabolism demanded by flight
pneumatic bones are hollow rather than tissue filled making them lighter
89
Read the following information pertaining to energy transfer through ecosystems, and answer the question below.
Producers are not as important as consumers in a food web
Populations tend to stay constant in a food web
Organisms in this food web are interdependent
More consumers than producers are needed to support the food web
90
Which of the following is not a member of the phylum Chordata?
Cephalochordata
Echinodermata
Vertebrata
Urochordata
91
Read the passage below, and determine which of the following conclusions is best supported by the observation.
The muscle cell requires more ATP than the epithelial cell.
The epithelial cell does not require ATP to function.
The epithelial cell requires more ATP than the muscle cell.
The muscle cell does not require ATP to function.
92
CO₂ is produced by cellular respiration. Why does the amount of CO₂ in the atmosphere remain relatively constant?
CO2 is split apart during photosynthesis.
Most CO2 is trapped in dead organisms’ bodies.
A significant amount of CO2 forms carbonate rocks.
CO2 is converted in photosynthesis to carbohydrates.
93
NAD⁺ functions in the citric acid cycle as _________.
a supplier of energy
a cytochrome
an enzyme
a hydrogen acceptor
94
Farmers currently use genetically enhanced varieties of seed because these varieties _________.
provide greater resistance to disease and pests.
yield crops that require less labor to harvest.
increase biodiversity in native populations.
reduce soil loss on erosion-prone land.

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