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Cognitive Psych (Memory, problem solving, partial intelligence) Flashcards | StudBud
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Cognitive Psych (Memory, problem solving, partial intelligence)
Cognitive Psych (Memory, problem solving, partial intelligence)
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1
How many phonemes does TOE have?
6
2
8
4
2
What are Morphemes?
No clue
A component of Speech
The smallest component of speech that carries meaning
The largest component of speech that carries meaning
3
What is short-term memory?
recovering information from storage
relatively permanent storage
stores small amounts of information for short periods of time
converting memory to be retained
4
Which demonstrates stereotype lift?
Jay believes students in Asia outperform students in the USA in math.
Girls hear a test is biased toward boys, boosting their confidence.
An old man ignores the idea of driving tests being biased against seniors.
Irene thinks she'll pass her driving test because she had a female teacher.
5
A(n) ________ is a strategy that guarantees a solution to a problem.
phoneme
trial and error
heuristic
algorithm
6
What is an echoic memory?
A visual sensory memory
A repressed memory
An auditory memory
A memory brought up by a feeling
7
Which is an example of an implicit memory
Recalling the name of your JH math teacher
Recognizing a celebrity
Describing the taste of a birthday cake
Remembering how to tie your shoelace
8
Society's general increase in intelligence due to technology is known as _______.
Stereotype threat
Stereotype lift
Flynn effect
Savant syndrome
9
How many phonemes does GIRL have?
3
2
4
5
10
Alfred Binet believed that intelligence was...
age-related and focused on mental functions
how well you did in maths
cognitive abilities
if you could answer all the questions on the test
11
What is damaged with Broca's asphasia?
personality
understanding of speech
speech production
hearing
12
Convergent thinking
involves thinking creatively and outside of the box.
involves generating multiple solutions to a problem
involves considering multiple perspectives and viewpoints.
involves narrowing down multiple solutions to a single correct answer.
13
How do casinos take advantage of the availability heuristic?
Emphasizing wins with flashing lights and downplaying losses
Making it easy to win initially and drawing gamblers in
Always having a lot of cash on hand in case of a big bet
Having Slot Machines readily available
14
All of the following are ways to improve your memory
EXCEPT
:
repetition
repression
chunking
mnemonic device
15
What is an example of proactive interference?
You remember a new friend's name instead of an old one
You drive to the new pizza place's location instead of the old
You drive to the old pizza place's location instead of the new
You remember a new phone number instead of the new one
16
What are phonemes?
enduring memory associated with a personal signicant
The smallest speech unit in a language that can be distinguished
Memory that stores audio information
is a system of rules that specify how words can be arranged in a sentence
17
What is retroactive interference?
When someone forgets events before their accident
interference where old information blocks new information
interference where new information blocks old information
When someone forgets events after their accident
18
Semantic memory is
loss of memory for events immediately following a trauma
Memory of one's personal experiences
the power of retaining and recalling past experience
your memory for meanings and general (impersonal) facts
19
This picture is an example of a ______________, a memory aid.
mnemonic
acoustic memory
iconic memory
primacy effect
20
Proactive interference occurs when?
Memories are inaccessible
Past learning interferes with current learning
Past learning is forgotten
Current learning interferes with past learning
21
Representativeness Heuristic
problem solving method
something available
previous belief
can create or sustain stereotypes
22
A procedural memory is...
A memory of an specific life event
A memory of how to do a specific task
A memory of for colors and numbers
A memory very vivid almost life-like memory
23
Decision making, problem solving, thinking, cognition, intelligence, comprehension.
Cerebellum
Parietal Lobe
Hippocampus
Frontal Lobe
24
Rebuilding your memory of the past is called ?
Reconstructive memory
Schema Theory
memory traces
short term memory
25
Chunking increases memory efficiency by
decreasing the number of items that must be remembered
mental imagery
associating each item with a well-established mental image
visualizing
26
If you have retrograde amnesia you cannot remember...
Your implicit memories
Your past experiences
Your present experiences
Your explicit memories
27
What is linguistic determinism?
Sensitive period in childhood language development
Theory that language influences thinking
Determining what language is being spoken
Distinguishing between sounds
28
What is declarative memory?
type of forgetting that occurs when memories fade over time
symptom of memory disorders which made-up stories fill any gaps in memory
identification of a thing or person from previous encounters or knowledge
conscious recollection of particular facts and events (type of LTM)
29
What are the the stages of the memory processes?
analyzing, storing, retrieval
encoding, saving, analyzing
retrieving, analyzing, sensing
encoding, storage, retrieval
30
Long Term Memory is
relatiely permanent with "limited capacity"
absolute permanent with "unlimited capacity"
absolute permanent with "limited capacity"
relatively permanent with "unlimited capacity"
31
A mental set is
Conclusions based on assumptions
Tendency to approach a problem the same way
Step by step procedure
Mental groupings
32
An example of semantic memory would be... (semantics, semantics)
Katy remembers what she had for lunch.
Mrs. Miller recalls details of her 1st kiss!
Michael remembers the names of cities, colors, foods.
Tim can shoot a basketball with his motor skills.
33
What is the magic number of memory?
3 +/- 5
7 +/- 2
4 +/- 2
5 +/- 2
34
Which of the following is the best example of framing
Locked your keys in the car but didn't think to call AAA
Thought you knew the answers yet got a 65% on the test
Diet Pills not shown to be effective yet still use
Lotion commercial says lotion is 75% all natural
35
What part of brain does not store memory?
corpus callosum
amygdala
hippocampus
hypothalamus
36
The function of sensory memory is to...
Hold information for a lifetime
Hold sensory impressions long enough for transfer
Put information into long-term memory
Hold the immediate perception of what was perceived
37
The misinformation effect refers to the
incorporation of misleading information into memory.
tendency to recall experiences that are consistent mood.
the eerie sense that “I've been in this situation before.”
disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall.
38
Which of the following was the first scale to measure intelligence?
The IQ test (William Stern)
Fluid intelligence scale
The Binet-Simon scale (Alfred Binet, 1905)
Wechsler Adults Intelligence scale
39
Who was the founder of multiple intelligence?
Freud
Gardner
Sternberg
Binet
40
How many types of intelligence does Gardner propose?
Eight
Five
Two
Three
41
What is a stereotype threat?
Unconscious, stereotype knowledge that hinders performance
The positive use of stereotypes in the classroom
A stereotype that has a positive effect on people
Stereotypes that threaten others
42
Scotty worked to find the solution to a long-division problem. In solving the problem
convergent thinking
confirmation bias
divergent thinking
framing
43
What is a good representation of functional fixidness
a planet can rotate only clockwise
a rocket is used to go to the moon
a astronauts helmet can not be used as a fish bowl
a burrito is good for throwing at you ex-boyfriends car
44
Which best illustrates episodic memory?
Telling someone how to tie a shoe
Remembering that a clown was at your 5th birthday
Answering correctly about a date for a Civil War battle
Recalling times tables from 2nd grade
45
The spacing effect
studying over time to yield better long term retention.
memory that takes place when something familiar comes up.
Effects that happen when in Space
A time paradox where space effects how time precedes
46
A flashbulb memory is
Memory of one's personal experiences
the processing of information into the memory system
a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event
the retention of encoded information over time
47
Availability heuristic theory argues that...
Fear is influenced by how readily we access crime images
Fear is influenced by believe of risk and impact
More hours spent watching TV = view that crime is high
A person's diet can effect how they view crime
48
The Flynn effect is most likely due to improvements in _________________
reaction time
electronic media
test taking strategies
education and nutrition
49
What is an example of retroactive interference?
You try to remember a new address but only remember the old
You try to remember an old password but only remember the new
You try to remember a new friend but only remember an old one
You try to remember a new password but only remember the old
50
Antegrade amnesia is:
Loss of memory of events before injury
Loss of memory of events after injury
Loss of memory during injury
Unable to recall own name
51
g factor general intelligence?
Howard Garder
Charles Spearman
Robert Sternberg
Lewis Terman
52
The effect that misleading details can effect a persons memory
Tip of the Tongue Phenomenon
Misinformation effect
Source Amnesia
Encoding Failure
53
What is state-dependent memory?
Only being able to encode certain memories in a certain mood
Memories that are the opposite of the mood you're in
Memories that make you feel a certain way
Tendency to recall experiences that go with your mood
54
What is a heuristic?
Something used to identify something based on association with a category
Mental shortcuts/rules that allow people to make judgements
A memory store
Uncontrollable systematic error in thinking that affect our decision making
55
What is a prototype?
a list of steps
a life size version of something
a robotics program
a model
