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Duplicate of Science 8 Final Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Duplicate of Science 8 Final Exam Review
Duplicate of Science 8 Final Exam Review
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Final Exam review questions for 8th grade science
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1
A property of an element that does not depend on the amount of the element is called a(n)
characteristic property
unique property
electromagnetic property
finite property
2
Metals that are so reactive that in nature they are found only combined w/ other elements
alkaline-earth metals
transition metals
alkali metals
actinides
3
Boiling point, melting point, and density are some of an element’s
nonreactive properties
pure properties
physical properties
chemical properties
4
Which of the following best represents acceleration as presented on a graph?
speed change vs. time
velocity change vs. time
motion change vs. time
distance change vs. time
5
Water pressure
is unaffected by atmospheric pressure
is about twice as much on a diver at 10 m as at the surface.
is less than air pressure for the same volume
decreases with depth.
6
Represents the sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom…
atomic number
ionic number
electron number
mass number
7
How do elements join to form compounds
as the scientist plans it
in a ration of 1 to 8
in a specific mass ratio
randomly
8
The elements to the right of the zigzag line on the periodic table are called
nonmetals
conductors
metalloids
metals
9
The change of a liquid to a vapor throughout the liquid
evaporation
freezing
condensation
boiling
10
The change of state from a gas to a liquid
boiling
melting
evaporation
Condensation
11
Which of the following statements about fluids is NOT true?
Liquids and gases are included
Some take the shape of their container
Particles move easily past each other
All can flow
12
What are three common kinds of scientific models?
physical, psychological, conceptual
mathematical, chemical, physical
physical, mathematical, conceptual
biological, chemical, mathematical
13
The smallest particle into which an element can be divided & still be the same substance is
an atom
an electron
a neutron
a nucleus
14
The combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined is a
solution
colloid
mixture
concentration
15
The ability of a substance to dissolve is called
solubility
chemical change
malleability
density
16
Which of the following is a good way to analyze data?
Try to find some way to make it support your hypothesis
Organize the data, and do calculations if necessary
Ignore it for a while to see if it makes more sense later
Check it over, and then copy it.
17
Term for a mixture made of tiny particles that between a suspension and a solution
concentration
mixture
solution
colloid
18
What is the basic unit of length that a scientist is likely to use?
meter
inch
foot
mile
19
A subatomic particle that has a positive charge
ion
proton
neutron
electron
20
The larger an object’s mass, the
smaller its volume
larger its inertia
larger its volume
smaller its inertia
21
Before asking questions, what is a scientist likely to do?
make observations
make reservations
make answers that work
make necessary arrangements
22
Unreactive nonmetals that do not react with other elements under normal conditions.
alkali metals
lanthanides
halogens
noble gases
23
process that separates mixtures based on their boiling points is known as:
suspension
centrifuge
solubility
distillation
24
Which of the following always causes change in speed, direction, or both?
unbalanced forces
balanced forces
either balanced or unbalanced forces
any combination of forces
25
The substance in which a solute dissolves is a
mixture
colloid
solvent
solute
26
What is a scientific model?
a representation of an object or system
a familiar copy of an object
an exact representation made of similar material
a representation of an object, but smaller
27
Which of the following choices best represents force?
a push or a pull always causing motion
a push or a pull acting without an object
a push or a pull acting on an object
a push or a pull always causing acceleration
28
Which of the following is NOT the result of a chemical change?
rusted metal
soured milk
ground flour
digested food
29
Which of the following most closely illustrates motion by relating it to a reference point?
The distance a car traveled relative to the time of travel
the hands of a clock relative to the numbers on a clock
the speed of a bicycle relative to the direction of travel
the velocity change of a train relative to time
30
Periodic law states that
elements' properties change w/ the elements’ atomic numbers.
elements are either gases, solids, or liquids.
mercury is a liquid at room temperature.
some elements stay in a liquid state only for short periods.
31
Air rushes into your lungs when you inhale because
a muscle moves upward and decreases the space in your chest.
fluids flow from high pressure to areas of low pressure.
pressure inside the lungs is higher than outside the body
it contains oxygen.
32
Which of these is opposed by static friction?
a chair sliding on a floor
a pencil rolling on a table
a dog running in a yard
a worker pushing on a non-moving box
33
Which of the following statements is true about an object’s weight but NOT its mass?
It may vary depending on the object’s location.
It is a measure of the amount of matter in the object.
It is measured in kilograms (kg) or grams (g).
It would be the same on the moon as it is on Earth.
34
The ability to be made into thin sheets is called
solubility
electrical conductivity
density
malleability
35
Which of the following determines the net force acting on an object?
a combination of all motions of an object
combination of forces acting on an object in two directions
a combination of all forces acting on an object
a combination of all motions of an object in two directions
36
What equation would you use to find the volume of a rectangular box?
volume = length + height
volume = length + width + height
volume = length X width
volume = length X width X height
37
Which of the following statements is NOT true of atoms and molecules?
They never bump into each other
They are always in motion
They are tiny particles
They are found in all matter
38
Which of the following is a good safety rule to follow?
Take shortcuts if there is no danger.
Read lab instructions, but change them if you want to.
Pay attention to safety information and safety symbols.
Follow the instructions, but feel free to modify them.
39
The change of state from a solid directly to a gas is called
sublimation
condensation
melting
freezing
40
When air is pumped into a tire,
the air takes up less space.
the force per unit area increases.
the air particles slow down.
the number of pascals decreases.
41
After an investigation, what should you do if your results do not support your hypothesis?
Buy new measurement tools.
Change the topic you are studying
Repeat investigation results support the original hypothesis
Repeat your investigation, then change your hypothesis
42
What is the ability of a substance to burn known as?
reactivity
flammability
physical change
burnability
43
According to Charle's Law
decreasing temp on gas causes pressure on molec.to decrease.
increasing temperature on gas causes pressure to increase.
increasing temperature on gas causes volume to increase.
decreasing temperature of gas causes the volume to increase.
44
Each vertical column on the periodic table is called a(n)
property
group
element
period
45
Why are chemical properties harder to observe than physical properties?
Chemical prop. describe the ability to change identity
Chemical properties depend on the size of the sample.
Physical properties cannot be observed and measured.
Physical prop. describe the ability to change identity
46
What are some tools used to collect and analyze scientific data?
meterstick, balance, thermometer, computer
thermometer, drill, computer, screwdriver
calculator, computer, printer, scanner
scissors, meterstick, calculator, paper clip
47
What is the name of the process of that causes substances to change into new substances?
flammability
chemical change
reaction
physical change
48
Boyle’s law states that for a fixed amount of gas
@ const. pressure, vol. of gas is directly related to temp
@ const. pressure, vol of gas is indirectly related to temp
volume & pressure are inversely proportional @ const. temp
@ const. temp, vol & temp are directly proportional
49
Very reactive nonmetal
halogen
lanthanide
transition metals
actinide
50
What type of scientific model would best be used to describe the formation of galaxies?
physical
psychological
conceptual
chemical
51
Which of the following is NOT an example of a physical change?
the melting of a Popsicle
the sanding of a piece of wood
the shaping of a gold bar
the explosion of fireworks
52
A suspension is:
amount of substance in a given vol. of a mixture or solution
particles throughout a liquid/gas and large enough to settle
ability of a substance to dissolve in another
tiny particles that are between solutions and suspensions
53
If you poured three liquids into a beaker, how could you tell which one is the densest liquid?
The liquid that settles to the bottom is the densest liquid.
There is no way to tell which liquid is densest
The liquid with the deep red color is the densest liquid.
The liquid that is floating on top is the densest liquid.
54
The curve at a liquid’s surface is its
mass
inertia
volume
meniscus
55
What is the machine that separates mixtures by the densities of the compounds?
centrifuge
distillation
refrigerator
concentration
56
Which are the two factors that determine the amount of friction?
the force and the roughness of the surfaces
the force and the weight exerted on the surfaces
hills and valleys and the roughness of the surfaces
the force and how much surfaces come in contact
57
Which of the following will NOT break down compounds?
heat
a chemical change
electric current
filtering
58
Compounds found in all living things include
ammonia
proteins
mercury oxides
carbonic acids
59
What is matter?
The ability to do work
the "stuff" that matters
the "stuff" that everything is made of
the "stuff" that is light enough to float
60
Which of the following is the best definition of science?
the process of reading the knowledge of the known world
the process of gathering knowledge about the ancient world
the process of gathering knowledge about the natural world
process of memorizing answers about the natural world
61
Most metals are
bad conductors of electric current
dull
solid at room temperature.
not malleable
62
Which of the following causes an object to start moving?
either balanced or unbalanced forces
any combination of forces
unbalanced forces
balanced forces
63
In which classification of matter are components chemically combined?
a colloid
a compound
a suspension
a solution
64
Nonmetal that forms a wide variety of compounds, such as proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.
aluminum
sodium
carbon
oxygen
65
Why is the International System of Units important?
It helps to promote good relations among countries
It's easy to use and keeps data confidential with it.
It is based on the number 10 and is used by most scientists.
It's used by countries competing for scientific knowledge
66
What kind of changes in substances are always physical changes?
changes of state from solid to liquid to gas and back
changes that result in new substances being formed
changes that change the identity of the substances
changes that change the density of the substances
67
A gas
has particles that are always close together.
has a definite shape but no definite volume.
has fast-moving particles
has a definite volume but no definite shape.
68
Periodic
means
happening very rarely
happening frequently
happening at regular intervals
happening three or four times a year
69
At higher temperatures
gas particles bump into walls less often
a gas contracts
particles in an object have less energy.
particles in an object move faster.
70
The physical properties of compounds do NOT include
density
color
melting point
reaction to light
71
Which of the following does NOT describe weight?
is a measure of gravitational force
is constant everywhere in the universe
can be measured in newtons
changes as gravitational force changes
72
Crystalline solids
may also be liquids
have particles in repeating pattern of rows
have particles that are not in a special arrangements.
include glass and rubber
73
Which of the following does NOT describe mass?
is a measure of matter
is a measure of gravitational force
remains constant
is measured in kilograms
74
A change in which energy is gained by a substance as it changes state
melting
exothermic
endothermic
vapor pressure
75
The change for state from liquid to a solid
evaporation
condensation
freezing
boiling
76
What type of scientific model could best be used to represent a molecule?
chemical
physical
biological
psychological
77
How would you describe the nucleus?
dense, negatively charged
dense, positively charged
tiny, negatively charged
large, positively charged
78
Which of the following statements describes elements?
elements can be broken down into simpler substances.
Elements have unique sets of properties.
All of the particles in the same element are different.
Elements cannot be joined together in chemical reactions.
79
An element that is shiny and conducts heat and electricity well, is a(n)
nonmetal
nobel gas
metal
halogen
80
Represents the sum of protons in the nucleus of an atom…
atomic number
mass number
electron cloud
the nucleus
81
Where are electrons likely to be found?
mixed throughout the atom
paths or energy levels
the nucleus
electron clouds
82
All matter has mass
and all mass is affected by gravity.
but only the Earth’s gravity affects matter.
but objects with small masses are unaffected by gravity.
but only the Earth’s and sun’s gravity affects matter.
83
Which of these is opposed by kinetic friction?
a book sitting on a table
a box sliding on a floor
a child leaning on a building
a cat standing in the yard
84
Which would NOT be a way to reduce friction?
lubricating with oil
using ball bearings
pouring sand on ice
using sandpaper
85
Which of the following units would you use to express the volume of an irregular solid?
cubic centimeters (cm3)
mililiters (mL)
liters (L)
newtons (N)
86
The nitrogen, oxygen, and other gases surrounding Earth
exert pressure that works against atmospheric pressure.
exert pressure only at sea level.
are pulled toward Earth by gravity.
are found mainly near the outer edge of the atmosphere.
87
In science, what is a scientific theory?
the best idea to explain a hypothesis
an explanation for many hypotheses and observations
an explanation for many questions and answers
the first idea to explain an observation
88
What is the best way to tell if a chemical change has taken place?
The matter changes color.
The composition changes.
The change is reversible.
A mixture separates into layers.
89
What makes characteristic properties useful to scientists?
Sample size does not matter.
They are easy to observe and measure.
They can be used to identify matter.
They can be either physical or chemical.
90
The most common element in Group 13, the Boron Group.
carbon
aluminum
boron
oxygen
91
The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion
mass
inertia
volume
weight
92
Which of the following is a chemical property of matter?
reactivity
solubility
density
volume
93
Dalton believed that
most substances are made of atoms
atoms can be divided.
atoms of the same element are exactly alike.
atoms of different elements are the same.
94
Atom w/ same # of protons as other atoms of the same element
but
a diff. # of neutrons is
an electron
an isotope
an ion
a strong force
95
What are scientific methods?
the steps scientists use to look up the answers to questions
steps scientists use to answer questions and cause problems
steps scientists use to answer questions and solve problems
the steps scientists use to ensure a hypothesis is supported
96
Which of the following is the most important part of gathering knowledge in science?
memorizing material
looking up answers
using the internet
asking questions
97
When two or more elements join together chemically,
the physical properties of a substance remain the same
a mixture is formed
a compound is formed
a substance that is the same as the elements is formed
98
What is energy?
fossil fuels
matter in motion
the ability to do work?
power from the sun
99
In which of the following activities is friction helpful?
holes developing in your socks
car tires moving car forward
engine parts wearing out
soil erosion
100
A change in the form of a substance that does not change its identity is
solubility
density
physical change
chemical change
101
Which of the following explains the difference between speed and velocity?
Velocity involves time, and speed does not.
Velocity has direction, and speed does not.
Velocity involves acceleration, and speed does not.
Velocity has motion, and speed does not.
102
In a solid, the particles
vibrate in place
move independently of one another
overcome the strong attraction between them.
slide past one another
103
The force of gravity
is not related to the mass of the objects.
is related to the mass of the objects.
is related to weight of the objects.
is only related to the mass of large objects.
104
Which of the following substances can only be separated into simpler parts by chemical means?
water
sodium
salt water
gold
105
When the net forces equal 0 N, they are which of the following?
a push
balanced
unbalanced
a pull
106
What happens to an object with a density less than water when it is placed in water?
The object settles to the bottom of the water.
The object sinks about halfway into the water.
The object displaces water greater than its volume.
The object floats on top of the water.
107
The substance that dissolves in a solvent is a
solute
colloid
solvent
mixture
108
As the distance between two objects increases, the force of gravity between them
does not change
decreases
increases greatly
increases only slightly
109
What must a good hypothesis be?
testable
correct
opinionated
difficult
110
Balloons can be twisted into shapes because
particles of gas can be compressed.
volume is measured in two dimensions
the force exerted changes the number of particles
the volume of a gas is constant.
111
A solution that contains a large amount of solute is best described as
dilute
concentrated
weak
insoluble
112
What are the two main branches of physical science?
chemistry and biology
geology and chemistry
chemistry and physics
biology and physics
113
What is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact?
acceleration
velocity
friction
motion
114
Which of the following are two factors that determine speed?
distance and time
velocity and time
acceleration and time
motion and time
