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Unit 5 Review
Unit 5 Review
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Practice quiz
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Questions
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Answers
1
What does a phylogenetic tree show us?
How closely related species are based on fossil evidence.
How closely related species are based on body type.
How closely related species are based on DNA evidence.
How closely related species are based on ecological niches.
2
what is radioactive dating?
technique used to date materials like rocks or carbon
when atoms lose alpha particles
an electron breaking apart from a neutron
process where unstable nuclei change and release energy
3
What plant phyla (or division) are conifers?
Bryophyta
Ginkophyta
Coniferophyta
Anthophyta
4
Chordates with backbones are called:
Communists
Mammals
Ampiambians
Vertebrates
5
Which animal phyla does this belong to?
Mammal
Dinosaur
Arthropod
Mollusca
6
Chordates have a post-anal tail
True
False
7
Within Kingdom Plantae, the 4 phyla are distinguished by:
Seed/seedless and vascular/non-vascular
Seed pods with thick skins
Cell walls, eukaryotic
Colour, Size and Shape
8
Which fossil is the youngest?
Fishes
Dinosaurs
Trilobites
Mammals
9
Class is the _______ level of classification
first
fourth
thrid
second
10
What is NOT a form of biological classification
physical features
eye colour
methods of reproduction
molecular sequences
11
All insects belong to the Animal kingdom and are?
Vertebrates
Invertebrates
12
What is true about a phylogenetic tree?
no chronological order, just linked
everything is exact in description and representation
links taxa to a common ancestor
hypothesis to what is supported by evidence
13
What pattern of evolution is pictured?
coevolution
adaptive radiation
convergent evolution
divergent evolution
14
kingdom Plantae is
autotrophic
roots
insect
heterotrophic
15
How are sediments a part of the fossil fuel formation?
Decreases temperature
They create heat.
they are deposited on them, burying them & creating pressure
they change the organic matter
16
What is a plant in the Kingdom Plantae?
Singlecellular eukaryotes
Multicellular eukaryotes
Singlecellular prokaryotes
Multicellular prokaryotes
17
Which of the following evolutionary tree best illustrates the phylogenetic relationship?
C
D
A
B
18
radioactive dating
way to determine actual age of fossil
estimated guessss
19
Plantae
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
20
The order of rock ________ help paleontologists tell how old a fossil is relative to another.
molds
strata
casts
types
21
Which fossil is the oldest?
Fishes
Trilobites
Dinosaurs
Mammals
22
What is the largest phylum in the animal kingdom?
Nematoda
Arthropoda
Annelida
Acanthocephala
23
In radioactive dating, what is the first thing scientist determine?
the volume of the object
the weight of the object
the amount of radioactive element in the rock
the time the radioactive element started decaying
24
Domain is the _______ level of classification
third
second
first
fourth
25
Which correctly distinguishes between how a pine tree and an apple tree reproduce?
The pine tree is nonvascular; the apple tree is vascular.
The pine tree is vascular; the apple tree is a seedless, nonvascular plant.
The pine tree has unprotected seeds; the apple tree has seeds in the fruit.
The pine tree bears flowers; the apple tree does not have any flowers.
26
What does this animal belong to?
Molluscs
Arthopods
Worms
27
Phylum is the _______ level of classification
first
second
fourth
third
28
What is the classification of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics?
Physics
Taxonomy
Biology
Chemistry
29
Relative dating is:
Identifying where magnetic elements have changed directions
Looking at which layers are younger or older than known ones
Counting the rings in a tree stump
Using radioactive isotopes to determine the age of rocks
30
Organisms on the same _______ represent their most recent common ancestor on a phylogenetic tree.
Node
Taxa
Clade
Stem
31
The structure made of cartilage that runs between a chordates's digestive tube and its nerve cord is called ___
the pharyngeal slits
the coccyx
the post-anal tail
the notochord
32
Invertebrate chordates are so named because they have
a notochord and a backbone.
no notochord and no backbone.
a notochord but no backbone.
no notochord but do have a backbone.
33
Eubacteria
clock in Mrs. Winchesters classroom
they live almost everywhere and are the oldest unit of life
oldest living cell
:science stuff:
34
What do echinoderms and chordates share several features with?
Sea squirts
Hemichordates
Acorn Worms
Human Embryos
35
Which statement about the development of these species is best supported by this phylogenetic tree?
Species 1 and 2 have similar growth rates to 4 and 5
Species 2 and 3 have the same number of chromosomes as 5 and 6
Species 2 and 3 have the same nutritional requirements as 1 and 5
Species 1 and 2 have more similar DNA homologies to each other than 3 and 6
36
All Chordates possess this type of symmetry
Radial Symmetry
Bilateral Symmetry
Asymmetry
What is a Chordate?
37
Order is the _______ level of classification
fifth
sixth
eighth
seventh
38
the half of the rate of the radioactive elements to decay
half-life
key bed
period
atomic number
39
fossil record
i like ribs
fossils remains
a element that decays
millions of fossils that scientist have collected
40
Darwin's theory of evolution suggests that . . .
extinct species are not related to living species
species change over time
animals that look alike are the most closely related
different species can interbreed
41
The six Kingdoms are Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.
True
False
42
Species is the _______ level of classification
fifth
seventh
sixth
eighth
43
What are the steps to the phylogenetic tree?
Domain, Kingdom, Class, Phylum, Order, Genus, Family Species
Kingdom, Phylum, Domain, Class, Order, Family, Genus Species
Kingdom, Domain, Class, Phylum, Order, Family, Genus Species
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus Species
44
Which is NOT a DOMAIN of life?
Eukarya
Animalia
Bacteria
Archea
45
TRUE OR FALSE: Eubacteria is only unicellular
False
True
46
What is a synapomorphy?
A trait that was not passed onto descendents
A trait that develops separately in two unrelated species
A trait only displayed in a sister group
A trait from a common ancestor conserved in descendants
47
Which can be concluded from a comparison of the two phylogenetic trees?
Phylogenetic trees are inaccurate.
The classification does not change with more evidence.
Classification can change with new discoveries and evidence.
Phylogenetic trees are not subject to change.
48
Does a phylogenetic tree imply that some organisms are more "advanced" than others?
Yes
No
49
What are the three main types of evolution?
evo, lu, and tion
Divergent, Alleigent, and Insurgent evolution
Divergent, Cosergent, and Verticle evolution
Divergent, Convergent, and Parallel evolution
50
What pattern of evolution is pictured?
convergent evolution
divergent evolution
coevolution evolution
adaptive radiation
51
Phylogenetic Trees Document and Diagram Evolutionary Relationships
False
True
52
To what biological classification do sharks, rays and skates belong?
Annelid
Chondrichthyes
Osteichthyes
Agnatha
53
Contrast Plantae and Fungi
plants have a nucleus and fungi do not
plants are autotrophs and fungi are heterotrophs
plants have cell walls and fungi do not
plants are multicellular and fungi are unicellular
54
This wood is which type of fossil?
mold
petrified
amber
trace fossil
55
4 kingdoms are Eubacteria, Fungi, Plants and animals what are the other two
Eubacteria and animals
Bacteria and seaweed
Archaebacteria and Protista
Archaebacteria and plants
56
The 'best' phylogenetic tree is the least parsimonious one.
False
True
57
The first chordates to develop jaws were the...
ray-finned fish
sharks
hagfish
lampreys
58
Eubacteria and Archaebacteria
Prokaryotic
Multicellular
Protist
Prokaryotic
59
Which type of rocks are MOST likely to contain a fossil?
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
Igneous
Felsic
60
On this phylogenetic tree, the whale is most closely related to the
deer
camel
hippo
pig
61
This phylogenetic tree plots the biological relationships between distinct vertebrate groups. What are vertebrates?
Animals with scales and exoskeletons
Animals with backbones, spinal cords, and internal skeletons
Animals with similar traits and different behaviors
Animals that lack skin but have backbones
62
Which phyla of the kingdom Plantae was vascular tissue introduced?
Bryophytes
Ferns
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
63
All chordates have a(an)
nerve cord in their back.
rocks
exoskeleton.
invertebrate.
64
What is one disadvantage of using DNA to build phylogenetic trees?
It is less accurate than comparing protein sequences.
It is less accurate than physical comparisons.
Not answer
It is usually not always possible to get DNA from fossils.
65
According to the phylogenetic tree studied in this unit, humans are most distantly related to..
Yeast
Monkey
Tuna
Horse
66
True or False: Do scientist have complete fossil record?
False
True
67
Using this phylogenetic tree, which organisms are most closely related to dinosaurs and birds?
crocodiles
amphibeans
sharks
primates
68
What is a phylogenetic tree?
A regular tree...
Something that shows the evolutionary paths.
Shows the reproduction of animals
Something that shows fossils
69
Family is the _______ level of classification
eighth
fifth
seventh
sixth
70
Which statement is correct about Bionomial nomenclature?
The genus always begins with a capital letter.
It is written in italics or is underlined.
The species always begins with a lower case letter.
All of the above.
71
What is the most complex sub-phylum of chordates?
Cephalochordata
Pikaiidae
Urochordata
Vertebrata
72
This sample is which type of fossil?
original material
petriifed
mold and cast
amber
73
Convergent evolution
The process by which different species evolve similar traits
A process that a species actually changes back to its original form
The process by which the same species evolves different traits
Evolution that happens rapidly
74
In the fossil record, the oldest fossils
Are the biggest
Can be found closest to the surface
Can be found the furthest away from the surface
Can be found above other fossils but below some
75
Which is the most specific taxon in biological classification?
genus
order
species
family
76
Amoeba belongs to ......... kingdom.
the plant
the monera
the protista
the fungi
77
This ammonite is which type of fossil?
petrified
original material
replacement
mold
78
Genus is the _______ level of classification
fifth
eighth
seventh
sixth
79
Which classification group contains ONLY prokaryotic organisms?
kingdom: Plantae
kingdom: Protista
domains: Eubacteria and Archaebacteria
kingdom: Fungi
80
What class of chordates?
Reptiles
Amphibians
Mammals
Birds
81
Taxonomy
A cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food
The maintenance of stable internal condition
The scientific study of how living things are classified
An action or change in behavior
82
The principle of maximum parsimony states that
All of these are examples of maximum parsimony
your first answer must always be correct
new evidence can be ignored if it makes an explanation complex
the simplest explanation is the most likely answer
83
What is a fossil?
all of the above
an imprint from an organism that has been preserved
organism or imprint that was buried and turned to stone
part of an organism that has been preserved
84
What characteristics do chordates have?
All of the above
Gill slits
Nerve chords
Notochord
85
Which of these 4 plant phyla has no leaves, roots or stems?
Coniferophyta
Filicinophyta
Bryophyta
Angiospermophyta
86
fungi are
autotrophic
flagella
pseudopodia
heterotrophic
87
There are 2 kingdoms of bacteria. Eubacteria and ________________
Cyanobacteria
Bananabacteria
Archaeologist Bacteria
Archaebacteria
88
What is the difference between Convergent and Divergent evolution?
Convergent is unrelated species and Divergent is related species
They are both related species
They are both unrelated species
Divergent is unrelated species and Convergent is related species.
89
petrified fossil
hollow space
minerals
fossils that change to turn rock
90
Adam is studying the phylogenetic tree for big cats. He made several statements about the tree. Which is
not
true?
Leopard is more closely related to snow leopard than clouded leopard.
The leopard is more closely related to the tiger than to the snow leopard.
Leopard is more closely related to the jaguar than to the snow leopard.
Leopard is more closely related to the tiger than to the clouded leopard.
91
Kingdom is the _______ level of classification
second
fourth
first
third
92
What is the difference between a cladogram and a phylogenetic tree?
Phylogenetic trees include the estimated time of divergence.
Cladograms include the estimated time of divergence.
Cladograms must be vertical, phylogenetic trees can be both
There is no difference.
93
What is a synapomorphy?
a shared derived character
a unique derived character
a reversed derived character
An ancestral character
94
What is convergent evolution ?
2 different & unrelated species evolving similar body shapes & patterns
Look similar on the outside but different inside
Similar bones inside, but they do different jobs
95
What is Parallel Evolution?
A permanent change of the genome of an organism.
Where two species in the same area develop similar traits.
The process of elimination based on survival of the fittest
96
Which of the following can be compared to study the phylogenetic relationship between two fish
All three mentioned factors
Amino acid sequences; living habitats and behaviours
Internal body structure; living habitats and behaviours
Amino acid sequences; internal body structures
97
How are the Archaebacteria and Eubacteria different?
Archaebacteria are prokaryotes and Eubacteria are eukaryotes.
Archaebacteria live in extreme environments that Eubacteria cannot survive.
Eubacteria are bad and Archaebacteria are good.
Eubacteria have a nucleus and archaebacteria do not.
98
Which plant phyla is composed of flowering plants?
Bryophyta
Anthophyta
Coniferophyta
Ginkophyta
99
What is the first step of fossil formation?
organism dies
sedimentary rocks
buried by sediments
pressure turns the fossil into rock
100
A fossil is ____________.
part of the fossil record
found in sedimentary rock
evidence of past life
all of the above
