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Choi, Hyunbeen AP Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Choi, Hyunbeen AP Exam Review
Choi, Hyunbeen AP Exam Review
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1
The basic building blocks of everything around us that relates to technology
boolean
byte
binary
bit
2
Scalability is?
Decision problem solvable by a halting algorithm
System's ability to adjust performance and cost
Method for finding elements in a list sequentially
Ratio of useful work to expended resources
3
Is a binary search always the fastest search when searching for a number in a sorted list?
First linear search pass may find the number faster than binary search.
A binary search is always faster with a sorted list.
For a large list, linear searches are always faster.
For a large list, binary searches are always faster.
4
Which of the following protocol standardization is NOT a function of the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)?
Internet Protocol
JavaScript Coding Protocol
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
5
What is displayed as a result of executing the following code segment?
Waffle Moose Noodles Novack Benji
Dog Waffle Moose Noodles Novack Benji
Moose Benji Novack Waffle Noodles
Dog Waffle Noodles Moose Novack Benji
6
Optimization problem is?
Finding the best solution from feasible options
Computational problem posed as a yes-no question
Decision problem solvable by a halting algorithm
No algorithm exists for correct yes/no answers
7
Which of the following types of components is necessary for cybersecurity?
I.
Software
II.
Hardware
III.
Human
I only
I, II, and III
III only
I and II only
8
What will the executed code display?
All even numbers between 3 and 12
All odd numbers between 3 and 12
All odd numbers between 1 and 12
All even numbers between 1 and 12
9
What is the definition of lossless data compression
Standardized permission to use creative work under copyright law
Reducing file size without significant information loss
Restoring file data to original form after decompression
Fixing errors in datasets
10
By switching from IPv4(stores 2
32
) to IPv6(stores 2
128
) how many more IP addresses will become available?
22 as many addresses
Twice as many IP addresses
96 as many IP addresses
296 as many addresses
11
Which of the following statements are true about high-level programming languages?
A high-level programming language does not ensure program reliability.
A high-level programming language often uses natural language elements.
High level programming language can be used to execute commands
High level programming is only used to create applications.
12
What is the minimum number of binary digits needed to store the number 56?
6
3
1
5
13
The Internet's system for converting alphabetic names into numeric IP addresses
TCP
DNS
IP Adress
URL
14
What is a syntax error?
Incorrect character or string placement causing execution failure
Attempt to store excessive data in a fixed-size location
Error occurring while a program is running post compilation
Fault in the logic or structure of a problem
15
A web browser contacts a server using IPv4 and pages a request for a website’s address. Which isnt a potential response?
128.198.232.65
92.11.198.113
54.116.188.246
174.260.45.144
16
What will be the output of the following program?
9 5 7
14 6
7 5 9
14
17
Which of the choices below properly identify these concepts?
Symmetric and Steganography
Asymmetric and Symmetric
Hash Codes and Key Transfers
Lexicographic and Asymmetric
18
What is a run-time error
Fault in the logic or structure of a problem
Attempt to store excessive data in a fixed-size location
Incorrect character or string placement causing execution failure
Error occurring while a program is running post compilation
19
Which search algorithm would work as intended to find the value 35?[1, 43, 23, 65, 76, 34, 33, 12, 94, 576, 55, 35, 346]
Bubble sort
Binary search
Insertion sort
Linear search
20
What is the minimum number of searches for a binary search using an ordered list of 100 numbers?
8
1
0
100
21
Convert 88(DEC) to binary
1000001
1011000
1010101
1111000
22
When sending a picture from your phone to your friend’s phone using a mobile app, what is true about the packets sent?
All of the above.
Packets are sent by the quickest path possible in the correct order.
Packets are sent in multiple paths and can be received out of order.
Packets are received in the order that they are sent.
23
World Wide Web is?
Network linking millions of computers globally
Continuous high-speed data transfer
String of characters identifying a location
Basic unit of data transferred over a network
24
Working together to facilitate the application of multiple perspectives and diverse talents is the definition of
collaboration
ReCAPTCHA
crowdsourcing
extraction
25
Why does program code have to be run through a compiler?
Program code must be translated into a language the computer understands.
Program code is write-only until it is run through a compiler.
It doesn’t, as the new program could be run directly from the code.
Program code must be debugged by the compiler before it can ever run.
26
What protocol below guides the rules about how data are subdivided into packets before transmission?
FTP
HTTP
DNS
TCP
27
Heuristic is?
Method for finding elements in a list sequentially
Two programmers collaborating at one workstation
Problem-solving method for satisfactory solutions
Efficient algorithm for finding items in a sorted list
28
What is the definition of integer overflow?
Error due to computer's inability to represent numbers exactly
Divides numerator by denominator to find result
Occurs when storing a value too large for an integer type
Data type representing ordered values
29
HTTP stands for Hypertext Telegram Protocol for webpages
False
True
30
What will the following program display?
OXXOO
OOOXX
The program is an infinite loop.
OXXOXXOXX
31
The following program is intended to display the string 789. What type of error will the following procedure cause?
No error
Logic error
Syntax error
Runtime error
32
Which of the following lines of code would cause an error with a robot?
NOT CAN_MOVE (left)
CAN_MOVE (right)
CAN_MOVE (north)
NOT CAN_M0VE (forward)
33
A program takes 4,000 seconds. When running the same program in parallel, they take 400 seconds. What is the speedup?
1000
100
10
1
34
What will the following code segment display?
1
30
22
10
35
What is the User Interface
An interface with options
An interface with code
Elements of which the coder controls
Elements of which the user controls
36
The procedure isFound(list, item) will return TRUE if an item is found in a list. What will it display?
[4, 6, −4]
[ ]
[1, 35, 6, 76, 4, 98, 5, 1, 8, 96, −4]
[1, 6, −4]
37
Decryption is?
Decision or question in programming
Transforming encrypted data into original format
Language for implementing software
Scrambling data for authorized understanding
38
What is the maximum number of searches required if using a linear search on list containing 2,000 numbers?
2000
1000
1
11
39
What can replace so the algorithm works as intended to swap the variables a and b using a temporary variable, temp?
temp <- a
b <- temp
temp <- b
b <- a
40
Which of the following is NOT an example of using citizen science as a possible solution?
The behavior of the mysterious and wonderful jellyfish on the beach
Calculating PSAT scores for a school district
Collecting recordings using ultrasonic microphones of bats
The behavior of fireflies during the summer months
41
Which of the following is a true statement about data transmitted over the internet?
Packets are received in the same order that they are sent.
All data traveling over the internet is in binary.
The DNS has been challenged by the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)
Redundancy in the design of the internet is overseen by large companies
42
What does the algorithm display?
3
4
5
7
43
What command can replace <Missing condition> to get the results shown in the fourth column of the table?
NOT(a OR a)
a OR b
NOT(a AND b)
NOT b
44
Which of the following best defines confidentiality in context with information and data?
The reliability of access to information
The ability to limit access to information to a certain set of users
The confirmation that a company will not sell your information to others
The certainty that information is accurate
45
Which of the following does NOT need to be considered when determining the credibility of a source?
Use of persuasive techniques within the source
Author’s reputation and credentials
Sponsorship of the article or publisher
Publisher’s reputation and credentials
46
Which of the following is NOT metadata for the picture?
The picture of the dog
The memory space taken up by the picture
The location where the picture was taken
The time the picture was taken
47
Which of the following decimal (base-10) values is equivalent to the binary (base-2) value 101001?
22
27
41
82
48
What is the definition of redundancy?
System's ability to operate despite failures
Set of rules for data formatting
Integrated devices for data processing
System design with duplicated components
49
What is bandwidth
?
Set of rules for data formatting
Network capacity for data transmission
Process of path selection in a network
Continuous high-speed data transfer
50
What should replace so the program below displays TRUE 60% of the time?
x MOD 5 = 5
x MOD 5 = 0
x MOD 2 = 0
x MOD 2 = 1
51
What is displayed because of executing the code segment?
9
1 3 5 7 9
1 5 7
3 9
52
Which of the following would be the most appropriate name for a variable?
time_left
t
amountOfTimeRemainingInTheGame
variable1
53
What is the definition of a bit?
Input data for function calculation
Data unit consisting of eight binary digits
Total digits used in a number system
Smallest unit of data a computer can process
54
Which of the following test cases will NOT find the maximum number in the list?
list1[−23, −67, −3, −7]
list1[23, 67, 3]
list1[4]
list1[0, 0, 0, 0]
55
What is the definition of element
Operator referencing a member of an array
Iterating over a subset of items in a list
Iterating over all items in a list
Smaller component of a larger system
56
What will the following code segment display?
9 10 7 4 1
1 4 7 10 9
Nothing will be displayed due to the error index out of bounds.
10
57
What is a benefit of using a simulation?
have as much of an effect on the real world as an actual experiment would
account for every variable that would affect supply and demand.
cost-effective and easier to create than an experiment done to a country
run only once, so they are guaranteed to be close to real life
58
Which of the following is a negative trade-off inherent in lossless compression?
Some of the data will be lost and cannot be recovered.
The image quality will be less and will result in a blurry image.
The file can be difficult to email and can take up lots of memory storage.
The number and size of pixels will be less.
59
What will be the result of the displayed program?
9 5 7
7 5 9
6 14
14 6
60
Answer the question
I , II , and III
II only
I only
II and III
61
In the following flowchart, what is the value of RESULT?
Always true
True when either A or B are true
Always false
True when both A and B are true
62
How many lines need to be cut to completely isolate computer E from computer C?
3
6
8
0
63
What is displayed as a result of executing the code segment?
Dog Cat Fish
Dog Cat Fish Golden Bandicoot
Golden Bandicoot Cat Fish
Dog Golden Bandicoot Cat Fish
64
What are two aspects of efficiency?
memory usage and length of code
execution time and memory usage
execution time and length of code
wall clock time and CPU time
65
When should a heuristic algorithm be used?
Finding the quickest way from Orlando, Florida, to Cold Foot, Alaska
When calculating the average score for the national SAT test
When finding the lifetime batting average of Mookie Wilson
UFinjding a number within a given list
66
Which of the following can be represented by a single binary number?
What is the position of an object in a grid of squares?
What is the name of the dog?
Is your puppy named “Waffles”?
What is the speed of a puppy chasing a squirrel?
67
What does the following algorithm display?
It always displays “True.”
When A is false, the algorithm displays “False.”
When B is false, the algorithm displays “False.”
It always displays “False.”
68
What should replace <missing condition> so that the program below displays TRUE 60% of the time?
x >= 9
x > 10
x < 6
x >= 6
69
Keylogging is?
Authentication requiring multiple factors
Software to steal data or damage computers
Malware tracking and recording keystrokes
Malicious software spreading and causing damage
70
Modularity is?
Dividing a system into separate modules or components
Set of instructions for problem-solving
Breaking down complex problems into manageable steps
Designed to be difficult for guessing
71
Which of the following statements is
NOT
correct:
Hardware is the lowest level of abstraction.
Logic gates are used to perform operations such as addition and subtraction
Binary data is processed by physical layers of computing hardware.
Logic gates are modeled by Boolean functions.
72
We can convert a number from decimal to octal (base 8) by repeatedly subtracting the largest possible powers of what?
8
7
9
2
73
What will the following code segment display?
6
3
Nothing will be displayed due to an error.
11
74
Which of the following lists is
NOT
a candidate for a binary search?
A list of numbers from smallest to largest
A list of students in order of height
A list of words in a dictionary
A list of words from a poem about food in the order they appear in the poem
75
What is the code segment displaying?
17
0
34
68
76
What is the value of sum displayed after this algorithm is run?
0
6
Error
4
77
An algorithm has 𝑛 number of steps. Which of the following would be considered a reasonable number of steps?
4n+8n2
3n
n!
100n4
78
Fault tolerant means the system's ability to operate despite failures
False
True
79
Phishing is sending fraudulent communications.
False
True
80
Her current connection speed is 700(kps). Approximately how long will the download take if her video is 400 megabytes?
571 seconds
57.1 seconds
1.75 seconds
175 seconds
81
What will the following algorithm display after running the code below?
3
4
1
2
82
Which best describes the role of TCP?
The foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web
A common protocol for encrypting and decrypting data transferring.
Setting the rules for numerical labels assigned to each device on internet
The set of rules for the path packets taken on the fault-tolerant internet
83
Which of the following test cases will return the correct average using the above procedure?
numbers[1, 1, 35, 6]
numbers[3, 5, 11, 6]
numbers[11, 35, 6]
numbers[0, 1, 35, 6]
84
Why is it important to find an efficient solution to a problem?
An efficient solution can always be solved in a reasonable amount of time.
A resource-intensive solution guarantees accurate results.
An efficient solution can make it easier to analyze larger data sets.
An efficient solution makes it harder to copy an algorithm.
85
This is intended to display the sum of all numbers in the list but records an error. What type of error is this?
No error; the program works as intended
Logical error
Runtime error
Syntax error
86
A computer calculates:a ← 1/3A 2nd computer also calculates the same equation:b ← 1/3If a≠ b, what error is this?
Hexadecimal conversion error
Overflow error
Roundoff error
a will equal b on all computers
87
Computing is closely tied to ____, computing innovation have far reaching ____.
prototype, innovation
selection, iteration
creativity, innovation
abstraction, algorithm
88
What binary number is equal to 10001𝐵𝐼𝑁+3𝐷𝐸𝐶?
10011
11100
10100
11110
89
What is a logic error?
Error occurring while a program is running post compilation
Attempt to store excessive data in a fixed-size location
Fault in the logic or structure of a problem
Incorrect character or string placement causing execution failure
90
What is the following program returning?
27
25
20
37
91
Application program interface (API) is?
Joining character strings end-to-end
Code facilitating communication between software programs
Contiguous sequence of characters within a string
Simplified representation of a body of data
92
What should replace <missing condition> so that the program below display TRUE 10% of the time?
x < 9
x < 1
x <= 9
x <= 1
93
Parallel computing is standard method executing steps in order.
True
False
94
Which of the following is true about data compression?
can be used to reduce the size of a file for storage or transmission.
Data compression can be used for pictures and video only.
Lossy compression cannot be used when sending pictures.
Lossless data compression is the best compression under all conditions.
95
What will the following code segment display?
11
6
3
Nothing will be displayed due to an error.
96
The following picture was taken by a smartphone.
The geographic location where the picture was taken
The filename
The Red, Green, and Blue values of the top left pixel
The date the photo was taken
97
Which of the following is a cause of the digital divide?
Lack of access to the technology due to affordability
Lack of knowledge on how to use technology
Lack of access to technology due to location
All of the above
98
What is a overflow error?
Attempt to store excessive data in a fixed-size location
Fault in the logic or structure of a problem
Incorrect character or string placement causing execution failure
Error occurring while a program is running post compilation
99
What is the minimum number of lines that must be cut to isolate F completely?
8
4
0
6
100
What is displayed after running the algorithm below?
12
145
133
43
