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U.S. History LEAP 2025 EOC Examination Review Fall 2023 Flashcards | StudBud
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U.S. History LEAP 2025 EOC Examination Review Fall 2023
U.S. History LEAP 2025 EOC Examination Review Fall 2023
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1
Which individual was responsible for coordinating the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Malcolm X
Rosa Parks
W. E. B. DuBois
2
What was President Bill Clinton's policy toward gays and lesbians serving in the U.S. military?
Clinton banned gays and lesbians from the military.
"Don't Ask, Don't Tell"
Clinton granted gays and lesbians open access to the military.
Clinton enabled gays and lesbians to openly serve in the military.
3
Brown v. Board of Education
established that
separate schools for Black & White students was legal.
separate schools for Black & White students was illegal.
protestors could not demonstrate at public schools.
schools could be segregated as long as they were "equal."
4
In 1961, East Germany and the Soviet Union constructed
the hydrogen bomb
the Berlin Wall.
the Iron Curtain.
the bamboo curtain.
5
MULTIPLE SELECT:
The Works Progress Administration (WPA)
employed people to build bridges, parks and airports.
paid artists to paint murals on public buildings.
hired historians to interview former slaves.
employed people to build roads and schools.
6
Which military operation caused American support for the Vietnam War to decline?
Tet Offensive
Meuse-Argonne Offensive
Brusilov Offensive
Somme Offensive
7
As a result of the listed Progressive Era reforms,
Big business came under additional government regulation.
Citizens became more involved in the election process.
Corporate leaders began campaigning for elected office.
Political bosses gained greater control over local elections.
8
In the case of
Miranda v. Arizona
(1966), the Supreme Court ruled that
death penalty could be imposed for the most extreme crimes.
police must inform suspect of a series of Constitutional rights.
defendants in all felony cases have the right to counsel.
illegal obtained evidence cannot be used in a trial.
9
What controversy erupted over the treatment of prisoners at Guantanamo Bay?
no legal protections or ability to appeal to a court
only allowed to confer with U.S. lawyers
denied food & water until they confessed their crimes
abuse by U.S. soldiers
10
What was the Open Door Policy?
The U.S. wanted to keep China open to trade with all nations.
U.S. opened China to take raw materials for itself.
China opened their borders for spheres of influence.
Germany opened China to trade.
11
What was the
Engel v. Vitale
U.S. Supreme Court decision?
Said there could be school prayer if it wasn’t forced
Band prayer in public spaces
Banned religious private schools
Banned school prayer
12
Henry Ford revolutionized automobile manufacturing when he introduced
the assembly line.
mass production.
textile mills.
the Bessemer Process.
13
Flappers were
females who broke against traditional behavior.
birds on the Magic Garden.
women who flew across the Atlantic.
women who fought for the right to vote.
14
MULTIPLE SELECT:
How did the United States impact the outcome of World War II?
The U.S. became the most powerful nation in world history.
The U.S. helped the Allies defeat the Axis Powers.
The U.S. supplied Great Britain and the U.S.S.R.
The U.S. helped create the United Nations.
15
Supporters of U.S. involvement in Vietnam used what principle to support their argument?
massive retaliation
brinksmanship
detente
domino theory
16
How did the fall of the Berlin Wall affect the Cold War?
The demise of the Wall escalated Cold War tensions between the Superpowers.
The Cold War continues to this day.
The world now exists in an uneasy Cold War 2.0.
The Cold War ended.
17
Which statement
best
explains how U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War affected the American people?
Intervention in other countries' affairs damaged U.S. foreign relations.
Involvement in Cold War conflicts caused losses of many American lives.
Intervention in other countries' affairs increased support for immigrants.
Involvement in Cold War conflicts increased public support.
18
MULTIPLE SELECT (3):
What were outcomes of the Iraq War of 2003-2011?
U.S. forces captured Iraqi President Saddam Hussein.
4,424 American service personnel died in the Iraq War.
Insurgents continued fighting through 2011.
The war immediately ended with complete American victory.
19
Who was U.S. president when the Soviets matched nuclear quantities?
Jimmy Carter
Richard M. Nixon/Gerald R. Ford
John F. Kennedy
Lyndon B. Johnson
20
Which Islamic terror organization attacked the United States on September 11, 2001?
Al-Qaeda
Hamas
Hezbollah
I.S.I.S.
21
MULTIPLE SELECT:
What were
three
long-term causes of World War I?
nationalism
imperialism
fascism
alliance systems
22
MULTIPLE SELECT (3):
Which statements
best
explain effects of the invasion of Normandy (D-Day) by the Western Allies?
It was the first use of the atomic bomb in war.
Germany had to fight two fronts against the Western Allies and the Soviets.
It led to the defeat of Nazi Germany.
The Western Allies freed Paris from German control.
23
MULTIPLE SELECT (3):
What does Social Security do?
provides income after retirement for elderly Americans
provides benefits to dependent children of decreased relatives
creates jobs for unemployed workers
pays benefits for disabled workers
24
MULTIPLE SELECT:
What were
two
effects of the Cold War?
Distrust between the U.S. and the Soviets increased after World War II.
The U.S. experienced a Second Red Scare as fear of communism grew.
A nuclear arms race occured between the U.S. and the Soviet Union.
The Soviet Union wanted to expand its influence in Europe and Asia.
25
Malcolm X, a civil rights leader from the 1940s through the 1960s, was known for
believing that desegregation would not solve race problems.
his organization of peaceful protests in many U.S. cities.
his extremist approach to achieving equality.
helping Whites and African Americans to find common ground.
26
Both the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965
promoted societal integration and racial equality in the U.S.
lowered the voting age to 18 to increase Black turnout.
created racial quotas.
prohibited boycotts and protests.
27
MULTIPLE SELECT:
Al-Qaeda terrorists struck which targets on September 11, 2001?
the World Trade Center in New York City
American embassies in Africa
the Murrah federal building in Oklahoma City
the Pentagon in Washington, D.C.
28
What caused the Iran Hostage Crisis of 1979-1981?
The U.S. military dropped bombs on the Iranian government.
Islamic revolutionaries overthrew the Shah, who fled to the U.S.
Angry Arab nations imposed the OPEC oil embargo against the U.S.
The U.S. embassy left the country of Iran.
29
MULTIPLE SELECT:
Which of the following were results of the Oklahoma City bombing?
Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols were arrested and convicted.
The federal government executed Timothy McVeigh.
The federal government passed a new anti-terrorism law.
Timothy McVeigh was a right-wing anti-government extremist.
30
According to the map, which nation was formed following World War I and the Versailles Treaty?
France
Germany
Greece
Poland
31
What is the significance of the
Roe v. Wade
(1973) U.S. Supreme Court decision?
A Supreme Court case that outlawed abortion in 10 states.
A Congressional debate over the right to allow women in the military.
A Supreme Court case that protected a woman's choice to have an abortion.
a county court case about education rights
32
In
Griswold v. Connecticut
(1965), debate raged about the protection of
the powers of the United Nations.
the states' powers.
individual rights and privacy.
the federal government's powers.
33
In
Reynolds v. Sims
(1963), the U.S. Supreme Court required
state legislatures to abolish congressional districts.
state legislatures to create congressional districts based on race.
Congress to create congressional districts.
state legislatures create congressional districts with equal populations.
34
What is the
digital divide
?
when some computers operate normally and others do not
when someone does not know how to do division on a calculator
when someone does not have the newest iPhone
a gap between those who have Internet access and those who do not
35
Which statement
best
summarizes the use of federal deficit spending during and after the Great Depression?
Deficit spending did not occur.
Deficit spending increased.
Deficit spending declined.
The government did not use deficit spending.
36
Who first described the separation between Eastern and Western Europe as an Iron Curtain?
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Harry S. Truman
Joseph Stalin
Winston Churchill
37
What was one problem railroad companies caused American farmers in the late 1800s?
Farmers paid more for farmland farther away from railroads.
Railroad monopolies lowered freight rates.
Railroad companies charged high freight rates to farmers.
Farmers shipped more agricultural products, lowering prices.
38
MULTIPLE SELECT:
Which statements are
true
about ISIS?
Even Al-Qaeda denounced ISIS.
ISIS briefly conquered Syrian and Iraqi territories in the mid-2010s.
ISIS means Islamic State of Iraq and Syria.
In 2017, President Donald Trump ordered American forces to destroy ISIS.
39
Which were territories gained from the Spanish-American War (1898)?
Texas, Florida
Mexico, Peru, Chile
North West Africa Colonies
Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines, Cuba
40
Why was the Affordable Care Act of 2011 passed?
increase the price for health insurance
help low-income indivisuals who could not afford health care insurance
allow the rich to have more options
have access to more health care options
41
How did the space race between the United States and Soviet Union impact U.S. society?
Defense spending decreased.
Public protests grew as opposition against the U.S. space program mounted.
The U.S. government nationalized most large industries.
Science education was given renewed emphasis in the nation's schools.
42
The Watergate scandal grew out of the efforts of Nixon's confidants to
tighten security leaks to reporters
control all appointments for the Supreme Court
control inflation in the U.S. in the 1970s
assure the reelection of Nixon in 1972
43
MULTIPLE SELECT (3):
Robert LaFollette
was a reform governor from Wisconsin who fought against corruption.
resisted progressive reforms in Wisconsin.
took on corrupt corporate trusts.
initated progressive reforms that other states adopted across the U.S.
44
How did the U.S. Supreme Court rule in the case
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
(1964)?
ruled in favor of Sullivan's claim of libel against the New York Times.
ruled in favor of the state of Alabama.
The Court ruled in favor of the First Amendment and freedom of the press.
struck down the First Amendment's protection of freedom of the press.
45
How did Poland's Solidarity movement in the 1980s help end the Cold War?
It undermined the reelection bid of Mikhail Gorbachev.
It strengthened the effort to form the European Union.
It weakened communist governments in Eastern Europe.
It promoted the success of the Strategic Defense Initiative.
46
Why was the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) created in 1949?
to repair damage to infrastructure caused by World War II
to prevent the Soviet Union from conquering Western Europe
to provide housing to World War II refugees
to encourage trade among Western Europe and North America
47
MULTIPLE SELECT:
What were
two
causes of the Cold War?
The Soviet Union wanted to expand its influence in Europe and Asia.
The U.S. experienced a Second Red Scare as fear of communism grew.
Distrust between the U.S. and the Soviets increased after World War II.
A nuclear arms race occurs between the U.S. and the Soviet Union.
48
MULTIPLE SELECT:
Because of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) oil embargo of 1973,
consumer prices soared.
workers demanded higher wages.
interest rates rose dramatically.
fuel prices increased significantly.
49
In 1990, Anita Hill charged Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas with
sexual harassment.
speaking out against women.
stealing testing information.
using slurs against her.
50
What did the Camp David Accords do?
created Jewish homeland in Palestine
gave Great Britain control of Palestine
created a Palestinian state
ended 30 years of hostility between Egypt and Israel
51
Why did the Populist Party demand "free and unlimited coinage of silver" in its platform?
Increasing the money supply raised welfare benefits.
Inflation increased the purchasing power of the dollar.
Increasing the money supply lowered food prices.
Inflation helped farmers pay off their debts.
52
MULTIPLE SELECT (2):
At the Yalta Conference in 1945, the "Big Three" agreed to
create a free, democratic government in Poland.
schedule D-Day for May 1944.
divide Germany into four occupation zones.
replace the failed League of Nations with the new United Nations.
53
MULTIPLE SELECT:
President George W. Bush labeled which
three
nations as an "Axis of Evil"?
North Korea
Saudi Arabia
Iraq
Iran
54
MULTIPLE SELECT:
During World War I, the U.S. government financed the war by
significantly increasing income taxes.
causing inflation.
encouraging Americans to buy liberty bonds.
cutting income taxes.
55
MULTIPLE SELECT:
Which were
three
changes in American society that occured during the Roaring 20s?
Women's suffrage led to flappers.
Assembly line caused a decline in production of automobiles.
Prohibition brought about organized crime and speakeasies.
Consumer culture expands as goods become more affordable.
56
Why did the U.S. attack Iraq during the Persian Gulf War of 1991?
to contain terrorism
to seize energy resources
to liberate Kuwait from Iraq
to capture Usama bin Laden
57
How did both superpowers (U.S. and U.S.S.R.) respond to the Cuban Missile Crisis?
The U.S. reduced its nuclear weapons stockpile.
Both nations continued to build more nuclear weapons.
Only the U.S.S.R. expanded its nuclear weapons stockpile.
Both nations reduced their nuclear weapons stockpiles.
58
Using the table below, how did the Voting Rights Act affect African American voter registration in the South?
African Americans shifted their interest to state politics in the South.
African American voter registration increased in the South.
African Americans became the largest voting bloc in the South.
African American membership in the Democratic Party declined.
59
Cornelius Vanderbilt, John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, and J. P. Morgan were
labor union leaders.
monopolists of the late 1800s.
tech moguls of the early 2020s.
U.S. presidents.
60
The policy objectives of
Reaganomics
were based on the theory that
major increases in government spending would help reduce unemployment.
borrowing from foreign countries would pay for domestic programs.
reducing trade barriers would result in a budget surplus.
broad tax cuts and financial deregulation would promote economic expansion.
61
Which statement
best
describes the significance of Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "I Have A Dream" speech?
He motivated others to enforce racial segregation and discrimination.
M. L. K. motivated White supremacists to end racial discrimination.
The speech motivated others to end racial segregation and discrimination.
He motivated Black radicals to use violent methods to achieve equality.
62
Escobedo v. Illinois
right to a lawyer
Civil Rights Act of 1965
right to pray in prison
right to make a phone call
63
This political cartoon is
most closely
associated with
detente.
containment.
militarism.
imperialism.
64
During the late 19th century, the U.S. government promoted big business by
following laissez-faire policy of minimal regulation.
ending tariffs on foreign goods.
loaning money to business owners.
limiting immigration into the U.S.
65
How did the U.S. acquire the rights to build the Panama Canal?
The U.S. conquered and annexed Panama.
The U.S. declared war on Colombia.
The U.S. signed a lease treaty with Colombia.
The U.S. helped Panama gain independence from Colombia.
66
What was the main goal of President Ronald Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative (Star Wars)?
to successfully negotiate arms reduction deals with the Soviet Union
to end Soviet superiority in space exploration
to reduce espionage by the Soviets
to accelerate the arms race with the Soviets
67
How did expansion of railroads affect cattle kingdoms?
Railroads reduced the need for ranchers and farmers.
Railroads increased available land for cattle drives.
Railroads enabled ranchers to transport cattle to the East.
Railroads began land disputes between ranchers and farmers.
68
The U.S. Supreme Court case
Gideon v. Wainwright
established that
the right to an attorney does not exist in the U.S.
Gideon was treated fairly.
accused persons must be provided an attorney in all criminal cases.
accused persons are only entitled to an attorney in federal cases.
69
Roosevelt's Big Stick Policy (i.e., Roosevelt Corollary) in Latin America was best characterized by his
belief Europe had right to build colonies in the Western Hemisphere.
rejection of the Monroe Doctrine.
recognition of the newly independent nations in the East.
belief that US had to be "international police force."
70
How did the federal government domestically respond to the September 11, 2001 terror attacks?
President Bush created the Transportation Safety Administration (TSA).
Congress created the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
President Bush created the War Industries Board (WIB).
Congress passed the Patriot Act, which expanded the government's power.
71
Which congressional action restricted the president's power to send U.S. troops to battle?
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
War on Terror Resolution
War Powers Act of 1973
"Day of Infamy" speech
72
MULTIPLE SELECT:
Which were
three
causes of change in American society during the Roaring 20s?
The assembly line increased production of automobiles.
Motion pictures and radio fostered pop culture.
Consumer culture declined.
The 19th Amendment granted women suffrage.
73
Which statement
best
sums up the trend known as the
baby boom
?
the rise in the cost of raising children
women chose careers over raising children
increase in pediatric doctors
a dramatic increase in birth rates after World War II
74
According to the political cartoons, how did U.S. nuclear policy change during the Cold War?
abolition of nuclear weapons
rejection of arms reduction treaties
detente to deterrence
deterrence to detente
75
What was the result of impeachment of Bill Clinton?
The House impeached Clinton, but the Senate acquitted Clinton.
Impeachment failed in the House.
The Senate did not take a vote at all.
The Senate convicted and removed Clinton.
76
Why did Adolph Hitler become so popular in Germany?
Hitler promised Germans he would avenge Germany's defeat in World War I.
Hitler believed fascism would eliminate organized crime.
Hitler believed in racial equality.
Hitler believed democracy was unfair to working class.
77
MULTIPLE SELECT (3):
Which people were part of the Harlem Renaissance?
Zora Neale Hurston
Langston Hughes
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Louis Armstrong
