World History Semester Exam

Law universally understood by human reason

Organization that advocates for workers

Muhammad’s father-in-law, first Sunni caliph

Spanish conquistador defeated Incas 1532 and conquered South America for Spain

Church court set up to try people accused of being a heretic (non-Christian)

Sacred rites of the church

Fortress full of weapons French Revolution began when (Third Estate) attacked it in 1789

Christians fought Muslims for control of Holy Lands "Jerusalem" where Jesus lived and preached

"The Liberator" freed (By Force) South American nations from European rule

German monk revolted against Catholic Church indulgences in 1517 called the Reformation

A scattered population of a group of people

Swedish chemist invented dynamite 1866

Site George Washington forced surrender of British army 1781

Large U.S. territory along Missouri/Mississippi basin purchased from France for 15 million $

A holder of land (fief) who pledges allegiance and military service to Lord

Artist; created sculpture of David and painted Sistine Chapel

Wrote The Prince, describing how to rule with ruthless power politics

Women's right to vote

Site of the world's first major rail line in 1830

Great ruler of Mali came to the throne in 1312 and led for 25 years

Freed English slave published autobiography that helped end slave trade

Belief that there is only one God

Economic system allowing business to operate with little or no government interference

Holy image of Christ, Mary, or a Saint

English king forced to sign Magna Carta to pacify rebellious nobles mad over his abuse of power

The way Buddhism seeks enlightenment

Latin for "Roman Peace"

Hindu system that divides society into hereditary classes

Greek warrior society where women ran the family estates

Artist, scientist, and inventor best known for paintings of "The Mona Lisa" "The Last Supper"

Emperor of the Byzantine empire, compiled legal code that served as model for later rulers

Spread by fleas on rats. 25 million dead resulted in large increases in wages and prices

Empress of the Byzantine empire, Justinian's wife, a fearless and powerful co-ruler

Former slave, abolitionist, suffragist and awesome public speaker. Proclaimed "Ain't I a woman"

American-born descendants of Spanish settlers

People who worked the fields but did not own land

Because people thought all knowledge must fit with church teachings

Birthplace of prophet Muhammad; most holy city in Islam

Gave rights to all people and said the King must obey the law too

Right given to American colonists by Spain that forced (slave) labor from Native Americans

Legal writ that states No person can be held in prison without first being charged with a crime

Wrote "Principia Mathematica" describing laws of gravitation / motion. Father of physics

Belief United States destined to expand from sea to sea across North America

Mexican Aztec emperor who faced Spanish invasion led by Cortés

Dissenters who sought to "purify" the church of Catholic practices

The official split between the Roman Catholic and Byzantine churches

Another way to say middle ages

French for "Liberty-Equality-Fraternity"

Used writings to fight ignorance, superstition, and intolerance through sarcasm and satire

Catholic preacher founded the first order of Friars

Largest desert in the world, covering almost all of North Africa

Japanese Buddhist sect that emphasizes self-reliance, meditation, and devotion to duty

African kingdom in present-day Ghana was center of slave trade

Self-educated slave led fight against France in Haiti. Died in jail 1802 but Haiti freed 1803

Italian merchant who visited China and spent 17 years in Kublai Khan's service

Multistoried temple with eaves that curve up at the corners

Conquistador landed in Mexico 1519 and overthrew Aztec empire

Government run by religious leaders

Mongol ruler conquered vast empire in Asia. 1 in 200 alive today are direct descendants of him

Severest penalty for breaking church law. Could not receive sacrament condemned to Hell forever

Vast global exchange of goods, people, plants, and animals that began with Columbus

Way of the warrior, Samurai code of values emphasized honor, bravery, and loyalty to one's lord

The Pope claimed authority over all secular rulers (Kings-Queens-Emperors etc.)

Proved Earth moves around sun inquisition forced him to recant was put on house arrest for life

Universities began to emerge in middle ages because

Published "On the Origin of Species" set forth theory of evolution through natural selection

Believed dividing government Executive (President) Legislative (Congress ) Judiciary (Judges)

Land granted to Vassal was called...

law based on Quran. Does not make any distinction between religious law and civil law

Great revival of art, literature and learning 14th -17th century Europe

The Lord's estate was called this

Ended U.S. Revolutionary war and Britain recognized independence of United States

Invented cotton gin sped up separating cotton fibers from seeds

Wrote Summa Theologica which concluded that faith and reason can exist in harmony

Leader of Roman Catholic Christian church

What are the Five Pillars of Islam

Italian poet wrote "Divine Comedy" takes reader on imaginary journey into hell and purgatory

Germanic barbarian tribe who defeated Romans. Mostly farmers with no cities or written laws

Muhammad's first cousin, first Shiite "Shia" caliph

Religious, legal and military customs of Medieval Europe

British army nurse introduce sanitary measures in hospitals and founded first school of nursing

Main author of and "Father of U.S. Constitution"

Formerly Byzantium, capital city of Roman/Byzantine empire

French chemist found link between microbes and disease made vaccines against rabies and anthrax

First to circumnavigate globe, he died in Philippines forcing Christianity on natives

A pictorial symbol for a word or phrase

A system of writing first developed in ancient Sumeria

Grandson of Charles Martel briefly united western Europe encouraged arts, culture and education

Belief in more than one god

Guaranteed equality and due process rights to all Frenchmen. Influenced by Thomas Jefferson

Second leg of triangular trade which slaves were transported to Americas

Trading company established by Netherlands in 1602 to protect and expand trade in Asia

Trade routes from Europe to Africa to America where goods were exchanged for slaves

Most holy site in Islam, temple in which Abraham is believed to have prayed

Great writer of Spain's golden age. Pensacola street named for him

Traditional Japanese religion based on worship of the forces of nature