Exam 1 - Spring 2023

The U.S.'s first attempt at a Constitution created a _________ system of government

Freedom of religion, speech, assembly, and petition

Which of the following is NOT a cited advantage of federalism?

The right to bear arms and a well regulated militia

Our founders preferred to use the term "republic" rather than "democracy" when describing systems of government

There are 28 existing amendments to the Constitution.

Individual rights protected by the Constitution against the powers of the government

James Madison was key in ensuring what process was presence in American government?

Includes the right to a speedy/public trial by a jury in the state where the crime took place & access to a lawyer

Forbade discrimination based on race, color, religion, gender, and national origin

Most formal definitions of politics begin with the assumption that _____________ is inevitable.

A representative system in which there is no king or queen and the people are sovereign

Which of these are considered significant events in early U.S. Political History?

The system by which the central/national government shares sovereign powers with the various state governments

Includes the right to due process, to not be tried for the same crime twice, and the right to a grand jury

The Federalist No 51 focused on what subtopic of American politics?

Which form of scrutiny is used in cases involving sex or gender equality?

Which of the following is NOT a cited disadvantage with federalism?

The idea of a "social contract" is MOST linked to which principle of American democracy?

All of our existing amendments have been ratified through a 2/3 vote in the House and Senate

Which Supreme Court case reversed the "separate but equal" precedent?

_____________ segregation is established by law and __________ segregation is produced by circumstances

Military troops do not have the power to take over private houses during peacetime

___________ Speech is protected under the First Amendment.

The enforcement of constitutional amendments is left to which branch of government?

The Virginia Plan proposed equal representation numerically; the New Jersey Plan's was proportional to state population

A categorical grant is targeted for a specific purpose as defined by federal law.

Which constitutional amendment is the most associated with the protection of civil rights?

The Nineteenth Amendment ratified womens' right to

Prohibits gender-based discrimination in schools that receive federal money

No unreasonable searches and seizures

_______ is associated with writing falsehoods, and ______ is associated with speaking falsehoods

The ___________ requires that state governments protect their citizens' rights

Which clause of the Constitution, the focus in the Antifederalist No 17, gave Congress both implied and expressed powers

"For a system to be truly federal, the powers of both the national and subnational units must be ________ & __________."

Powers not delegated by the Constitution to the federal gov or clearly denied to states belong to states and the people

Considering "individual freedom" as a principle of American democracy, all individuals must have freedom but WITHOUT

Seditious speech is speech that urges resistance to lawful authority or that advocates the overthrow of the government

The 3/5 Compromise was eventually overturned by which amendment?

No excessive bail/fines, no cruel and unusual punishments

The set of ideas, values, and attitudes about government and the political process held by a community or nation

Provided for a league of independent states united only for the purpose of achieving common goals, with weak central gov

In the American Creed, "Property" is linked to which economic system?

many civil rights not explictly expressed in the Constitution are still held by the people

Which of these is NOT generally considered an essential purpose of government using its authority?

A jury trial may be requested by either party in a dispute in any case involving more than $20

Which two clauses are associated with freedom of religion?

Even with state latitude on grant usage, the fed gov still can exercise some control over spending via cross-cutting req

A key function of ____ is to protect the rigths of the minority against the will of the majority

Which form of scrutiny is used in cases involving race, ethnicity, creed, or national origin?