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DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis and Cellular Reproduction Flashcards | StudBud
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DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis and Cellular Reproduction
DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis and Cellular Reproduction
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Review for College Prep Biology Unit Test
Flashcards
30 cards
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Questions
30
Answers
1
An advantage of reproducing sexually is what?
Produce more males than females
Produce variation within a population
Produce large numbers of offspring
2
For a mutation to be passed to offspring, the mutation must occur where?
In the RNA
In the DNA
In the brain
3
___________________________ are a pair of chromosomes that are the SAME.
Homologous Chromosomes
RNA
DNA
chromatids
4
Nondisjunction, occurs in what process to cause Down Syndrome (1 extra chromosome)?
mitosis
meiosis
both
neither
5
The nitrogenous bases found in RNA are?
A, T, C, G
A, P, C, G
A, U, G, C
6
The phase of mitosis in which chromosomes pull apart and move to opposite poles is
prophase
anaphase
metaphase
telophase
7
Which mRNA sequence would represent correct transcription of the DNA sequence TAC-CGG-AGT?
AUG-GCC-UCA
TAC-CGG-AGT
ATC-GCC-TCA
8
What is the purpose of crossing over and which process does it occur?
Repair & Replication
Growth & Mitosis
Increase genetic variation & Meiosis
9
Which phase of the cell cycle is when the cell is growing and getting ready to divide?
anaphase
metaphase
prophase
interphase
10
Mitosis occurs in what types of cells?
Dead
Somatic
Reproductive
11
A cell has 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be present in a sperm cell after meiosis?
48
12
23
12
A DNA molecule with the base sequence C A G T name the bases of the complementary strand.
GTCA
CAGT
GUCA
13
Which event does not happen in DNA replication?
Nitrogenous bases are paired
Ribosomes are formed
hydrogen bonds are broken and reformed
14
Which does not make a nucleotide?
phosphate
sugar
strand
base
15
What is a benefit of asexual reproduction?
Produce a variety of offspring
Produce mutated offspring
Produce a large number of offspring
16
Which DNA sequence would represent correct replication of TAG-GCT?
ATC-GAC
ATC-CGA
AUC-GCA
17
Gametes (sex cells) have 1/2 the number of chromosomes as the parent cell, this is called?
multiploid
diploid
haploid
18
What process produces gametes (sex cells)?
Meiosis
Transcription
Cytokinesis
Translation
19
Mitosis and binary fission are what type of reproduction?
Asexual
Cytokinesis
Sexual
Metaphase
20
The function of mitosis is
Copy DNA
Make Proteins
Growth & Repair
Produce Gametes
21
Meiosis results in
4 genetically diverse daughter cells
2 identical daughter cells
2 genetically diverse daughter cells
4 identical daughter cells
22
Scientists that study genetics are called
Geneticist
Zoologist
Biologist
Geologist
23
How is information transformed to make a protein?
ADP→ATP→Protein
DNA →RNA → Protein
DNA replication → genes→ proteins
24
If a mutation occurs in a single muscle cell, what would be the result of the mutation?
Gametes would have the mutation
Only cells produced by this cell will have the mutation
All offspring would have the mutation
25
What are the building blocks of nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) called?
Amino Acids
Fatty Acids
Nucleotides
Sugars
26
If a sequence of DNA is part of a gene how many amino acids are coded for in TACAGCGCTGGC?
12
8
4
27
RNA is a _________ stranded molecule.
Double
Single
Parallel
28
What is the structure of a DNA molecule?
Cone
Single stranded
Cylindrical
Double Helix
29
Cells reproduce through what process to make exact copies of the original cell?
DNA Replication
Protein Synthesis
Meiosis
Mitosis
30
A nucleotide of RNA is composed of what?
Ribose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
Hydrogen, thyamine, and a sugar
Deoxyribose, Phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
